1. BIOMETRICS THE FUTURE OF SECURITY (ARE YOU SECURE YET?)

2. HOW AUTHENTICATION IS DONE? THE SECURITY FIELD USES THREE TYPES OF AUTHENTICATION: SOMETHING YOU KNOW- A PASSWORD,PIN OR PERSONAL INFORMATION. SOMETHING YOU HAVE - A CARD KEY, SMART CARD OR TOKEN. SOMETHING YOU ARE - A BIOMETRIC

3. WHAT DO YOU MEAN BY BIOMETRICS? What the Dictionaries say is “Biometrics means - the statistical analysis of biological data” But in today's e-speak, “Biometrics means the precise measurement of some facet of a person's unique physical (or vocal) traits, digitizing that measurement, storing it in computer memory, and later comparing it against the same measurement when taken again later”.

4. HOW A BIOMETRIC SYSTEM WORKS? BIOMETRIC DEVICES BIOMETRIC ENROLLMENT TEMPLATE STORAGE BIOMETRIC DEVICES BIOMETRIC VERIFICATION TEMPLATE STORAGE BUSINESS APPLICATIONS 1 2 3 8 6 7 45

5. WHAT TYPES OF BIOMETRICS EXISTS? PRIMARY DISCIPLINES INCLUDE: FINGER SCAN FACIAL SCAN VOICE SCAN IRIS SCAN RETINA SCAN HAND SCAN SIGNATURE SCAN KEYSTROKE SCAN

6. WHAT TYPES OF BIOMETRICS EXISTS? DISCIPLINES WITH REDUCED COMMERCIAL VIABILITY OR IN EXPLORATORY STAGES INCLUDE: DNA EAR SCAN ODOUR (HUMAN SCENT) VEIN-SCAN ( BACK OF HAND OR BENEATH PALM) FINGER GEOMETRY (SHAPE & STRUCTURE) NAILBED IDENTIFICATION GAIT RECOGNITION

7. HOW HARD IS TO USE BIOMETRIC TECHNOLOGIES? FINGER SCAN Verification time  2-3 seconds

8. HOW HARD IS TO USE BIOMETRIC TECHNOLOGIES? FACIAL SCAN Verification time  3-4 seconds

9. HOW HARD IS TO USE BIOMETRIC TECHNOLOGIES? VOICE SCAN Verification time  4-6 seconds

10. HOW HARD IS TO USE BIOMETRIC TECHNOLOGIES? IRIS SCAN Verification time  3-5 seconds

11. HOW HARD IS TO USE BIOMETRIC TECHNOLOGIES? RETINA SCAN Verification time  10-12 seconds

12. HOW HARD IS TO USE BIOMETRIC TECHNOLOGIES? HAND SCAN Verification time  2-3 seconds

13. HOW HARD IS TO USE BIOMETRIC TECHNOLOGIES? SIGNATURE SCAN Verification time  4-6 seconds

14. HOW HARD IS TO USE BIOMETRIC TECHNOLOGIES? KEYSTROKE SCAN Verification time  2-3 seconds

15. WHAT IS INVOLVED WITH BIOMETRIC ENROLLMENT? ENROLLMENT SUBMISSION ACQUSITION DEVICE BIOMETRIC SAMPLE FEATURE EXTRACTION TEMPLATE

16. WHAT IS INVOLVED WITH BIOMETRIC ENROLLMENT? TECHNOLOGY ACQUSITION DEVICE: FINGER SCAN - DESKTOP PHERIPHERAL,MOUSE,CHIP OR READER EMBEDDED IN KEYBOARD. VOICE SCAN - MICROPHONE, TELEPHONE FACE SCAN - VIDEO CAMERA,PC CAMERA,SINGLE IMAGE CAMERA. IRIS SCAN - INFRARED ENABLED VIDEO CAMERA RETINA SCAN- PROPRIETY DESKTOP OR WALL MOUNTABLE UNIT. HAND SCAN - PROPRIETY WALL MOUNTED UNIT. SIGN SCAN - SIGNATURE TABLET

17. WHAT IS INVOLVED WITH BIOMETRIC ENROLLMENT? BIOMETRIC SAMPLE FINGER SCAN - FINGERPRINT IMAGE VOICE SCAN - VOICE RECORDING FACE SCAN - FACIAL IMAGE IRIS SCAN & RETINA SCAN - IRIS & RETINA IMAGE HAND SCAN - 3-D IMAGE OF TOP AND SIDES OF HAND SIGNATURE SCAN - IMAGE OF SIGNATURE KEYSTROKE SCAN - RECORDING OF CHARACTER TYPED

18. WHAT IS INVOLVED WITH BIOMETRIC ENROLLMENT? FEATURE EXTRACTED FINGER SCAN - LOCATION & DIRECTION OF RIDGE ENDINGS AND BIFURCATION ON FINGERPRINTS VOICE SCAN - FREQUENCY,CADENCE & DURATION OF VOCAL PATTERN FACE SCAN - RELATIVE POSITION & SHAPE OF NOSE, POSITION OF CHEEKBONES RETINA SCAN - BLOOD VESSEL PATTERNS ON RETINA HAND SCAN – HEIGHT & WIDTH OF BONES & JOINTS IN HANDS & FINGERS. SIGN. SCAN- SPEED, STROKE ORDER AND PRESSURE

19. FINGERPRINT CHARACTERSTICS

20. HUMAN EYE STRUCTURE

21. IRIS SCAN

22. FACIAL SCAN

23. DO BIOMETRIC SYSTEMS RESULT IN EXACT, 100% MATCHES?

24. HOW DO BIOMETRIC SYSTEMS DETERMINE WHETHER TWO TEMPLATES “MATCH”? DECISION MAKING PROCESS MATCHING SCORE THRESHOLD DECISION

25. CAN BIOMETRIC SECURITY LEVELS BE ADJUSTED FOR SPECIFIC TRANSACTIONS? DYNAMIC THRESHOLDING

26. WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN IDENTIFICATION AND VERIFICATION? WHICH IS BETTER?

27. WHAT ARE COMMON APPLICATIONS OF BIOMETRICS? PC/LAN LOGON APPLICATION LOGON SINGLE SIGN ON(SSO) TIME AND ATTENDANCE ACCESS CONTROL WEBSITE ACCOUNT ACCESS AND PURCHASING DOUBLE DIPPING VERIFICATION TO A TOKEN

28. WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS OF USING BIOMETRIC SYSTEM? FOR EMPLOYERS: REDUCED COSTS- PASSWORD MAINTENANCE. REDUCED COSTS- NO BUDDY PUNCHING. INCREASED SECURITY- NO SHARED OR COMPROMIZED PASSWORDS. INCREASED SECURITY- DETER AND DETECT FRAUDULENT ACCOUNT ACCESS. INCREASED SECURITY- NO BADGE SHARING IN SECURE AREAS. COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE- FAMILIARITY WITH ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY

29. WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS OF USING BIOMETRIC SYSTEM? FOR EMPLOYEES CONVIENIENCE- NO PASSWORD TO REMEMBER OR RESET. CONVIENIENCE- FASTER LOGIN. SECURITY- CONFEDENTIAL FILES CAN BE STORED SECURELY. NON REPUDIATION- BIOMETRICALLY TRANSCATIONS DIFFICULT TO REPUTE.

30. WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS OF USING BIOMETRIC SYSTEM? FOR CONSUMERS CONVENIENCE- NO PASSWORDS TO REMEMBER OR RESET. SECURITY- PERSONAL FILES, INCLUDING EMAILS CAN BE SECURE. SECURITY- ONLINE PURCHASE SAFER. PRIVACY- ABILITY TO TRANSACT ANONYMOUSLY.

31. DO BIOMETRIC SYSTEMS CHECK FOR LIVE BODY PARTS?

32. CAN BIOMETRIC SYSTEMS BE DEFEATED?

33. WHICH IS THE BEST BIOMETRIC? ZEPHYR TM ANALYSIS An “Ideal” Biometric Key-Stroke ScanHand-Scan Signature-Scan Facial-Scan Retina-Scan Iris-Scan Finger-Scan Voice-Scan Intrusiveness Accuracy Cost Effort

34. WHAT ARE PROBLEMS WITH BIOMETRICS? FINGER-SCAN COLD FINGER DRY OR OILY FINGER HIGH OR LOW HUMIDITY ANGLE OF PLACEMENT PRESSURE OF PLACEMENT LOCATION OF FINGER ON PLATTEN CUTS TO FINGERPRINT MANUAL ACTIVITY THAT WOULD AFFECT FINGERPRINTS(CONSTRUCTION)

35. WHAT ARE PROBLEMS WITH BIOMETRICS? VOICE-SCAN COLD OR ILLNESS WHICH AFFECTS VOICE. DIFFERENT ENROLLMENT AND VERIFICATION CAPTURE DEVICES. DIFFERENT ENROLLMENT AND VERIFICATION ENVIRONMENT. SPEAKING SOFTLY. VARIATION IN BACKGROUND NOISE. POOR PLACEMENT OF CAPTURE DEVICE. QUALITY OF CAPTURE DEVICE.

36. WHAT ARE PROBLEMS WITH BIOMETRICS? FACIAL-SCAN CHANGE IN FACIAL HAIR CHANGE IN HAIRSTYLE LIGHTING CONDITIONS ADDING/REMOVING HAT AND GLASSES CHANGE IN WEIGHT CHANGE IN FACIAL ASPECT(ANGLE) TOO MUCH OR TOO LITLE MOVEMENT QUALITY OF CAPTURE DEVICE CHANGE BETWEEN ENROLLMENT AND VERIFICATION CAMERAS( QUALITY & PLACEMENT)

37. WHAT ARE PROBLEMS WITH BIOMETRICS? IRIS-SCAN TOO MUCH MOVEMENT OF HEAD OR EYE GLASSES COLORED CONTACTS RETINA SCAN TOO MUCH MOVEMENT OF HEAD OR EYE GLASSES

38. WHAT ARE PROBLEMS WITH BIOMETRICS? HAND-SCAN JWELERY CHANGE IN WEIGHT BANDAGES SWELLING OF JOINTS SIGNATURE SCAN SIGNING TOO QUICKLY DIFFERENT SIGINING POSITIONS(SITTING Vs. STANDING)

39. WHAT ARE PROBLEMS WITH BIOMETRICS? OTHER PROBLEMS: LONG TIME SINCE ENROLLMENT OR LAST VERIFICATION. AGE, ETHINICITY OR GENDER

40. WHAT ARE THE PERFORMANCE METRICS FOR BIOMETRICS? FAILURE TO ENROLL (FTE) RATE FALSE MATCH RATE (FMR) FALSE NON MATCH RATE (FNMR)