3. The Changing Role of the Artist ¬ Giorgio Vasari’s ¬ Lives of the Artists, ¬ 1568.

4. The Changing Role of the Artist ¬ He believed that the artist was no longer just a member of a crafts guild.

5. The Changing Role of the Artist ¬ The artist was an equal in the courts of Europe with scholars, poets, & humanists.

6. The Changing Role of the Artist ¬ Therefore, the artist should be recognized and rewarded for his unique artistic technique [maneria].

7. Background ¬ Late Renaissance [Pre- Baroque]. ¬ Art was at an impasse after the perfection and harmony of the Renaissance.

8. Background ¬ Antithetical (contradictary) to the principles of the High Renaissance. ¬ From the Italian de maneria. ´ A work of art done in the artist’s characteristic “touch” or recognizable “manner.”

9. Background ¬ First used by the German art historian, Heinrich Wölfflin in the early 20c. ¬ Influenced by Michelangelo’s later works.

10. Michelangelo’s “Last Judgment” (Sistine Chapel)

11. Michelangelo’s “Last Judgment” (Sistine Chapel – left side)

12. Michelangelo’s “Last Judgment” (Sistine Chapel – right side)

14. 1. Replace Harmony With Dissonance & Discord ¬ “Susanna & the Elders” ¬ Alessandro Allori ¬ Twisted bodies or “weight shift” [contrapposto]

15. 2. Replace Reason with Emotion ¬ “Pietà” by Rosso Fiorentino ¬ 1530-1540

16. ¬ “Pietà” by El Greco ¬ 1587-1597

17. 3. Replace Reality with Imagination ¬ “The Mystic Marriage of St. Catherine” ¬ Parmigianino ¬ 1525-1527

18. 4. Create Instability Instead of Equilibrium ¬ “The Rape of Helene” ¬ Francesco Primaticcio ¬ 1530-1539

19. 5. Bodies Are Distorted ¬ “Christ in Agony on the Cross” ¬ El Greco ¬ 1600s. ¬ An attempt to express the religious tensions of the times.

20. ¬ “Adoration of the Name of Jesus” ¬ El Greco ¬ 1578-1580.

21. ¬ “The Baptism of Christ” ¬ El Greco ¬ 1608-1628.

22. ¬ “Portrait of a Cardinal” ¬ El Greco ¬ 1600

23. 6. Colors are Lurid ( vivid or sensational ) ¬ “The Tempest” ¬ Giorgione ¬ 1510

24. ¬ “The Calling of St. Matthew” ¬ Caravaggio

25. ¬ “The View from Toledo” ¬ El Greco ¬ 1597

26. 7. Pictoral Space is Crowded ¬ “Madonna with the Long Neck” ¬ Parmagianino ¬ 1534-1540

27. ¬ “Joseph in Egypt” ¬ Jacomo Pontormo

28. ¬ “The Last Supper” ¬ Tintoretto ¬ 1594

29. 8. A Void in the Center ¬ “Bacchus & Ariadne” ¬ Titian ¬ 1522-1523 ? ?

30. ¬ “Pastoral Concert” ¬ Giorgione ¬ 1508-1510 ? ?

31. 9. Hanging Figures ¬ “The Annunciation” ¬ Jacopo Tintoretto ¬ 1583-1587

32. ¬ “Moses Drawing Water form the Rock” ¬ Jacopo Tintoretto ¬ 1577

34. Characteristics of Mannerist Architecture ¬ Stylishness in design could be applied to a building as well as to a painting. ¬ Showed extensive knowledge of Roman architectural style. ¬ Complex, out of step style  taking “liberties” with classical architecture. ¬ Architecture, sculpture, and walled gardens were seen as a complex, but not necessary unified whole.

35. ¬ Villa Capra [or Villa Rotunda] ¬ By Andrea Palladio ¬ 1566-1571 ¬ “Palladian” architectural style [popular in England]

36. ¬ Entrance to the Villa Farnese at Caprarola ¬ By Giacomo Vignola ¬ 1560

37. ¬ Giacomo da Vignola ¬ Wrote The Rule of the Five Orders of Architecture ¬ 1563 ¬ Became a key reference work for architects.

38. The Fontainebleau School ¬ French Mannerism  flourished from 1531 to the early 17c.

39. The Fontainebleau School ¬ Characteristics: ´ Extensive use of stucco in moldings & picture frames.

40. The Fontainebleau School ´ Frescoes. painting on a moist, plaster surface with colors ground up in water or a limewater mixture ´ An elaborate [often mysterious] system of allegories and mythical iconography. ¬ Centered around the Royal Chateau of Fontainebleau.

41. The Royal Chateau at Fontainebleau ¬ Gallery [right] by Rosso Fiorentino & Francesco Primaticcio ¬ 1528-1537

42. Jean Goujon “Nymph,” 1548-1549 “Nymph & Putto,” 1547-1549

44. Baroque  1600 – 1750  From a Portuguese word “barocca”, meaning “a pearl of irregular shape.” 

45. Baroque  Implies strangeness, irregularity, and extravagance.  The more dramatic, the better!

46. Baroque Style of Art & Architecture  Emotional.  Colors were brighter than bright; darks were darker than dark.

47. Baroque Style of Art & Architecture  Counter-Reformation art.  Paintings & sculptures in church contexts should speak to the illiterate rather than to the well- informed.  Ecclesiastical art.

49. St. Peter’s Basilica, Vatican City by Gialorenzo Bernini

50. Church of Santiago de Compostella, Spain

51. Church of Veltenberg Altar, Germany

52. Interior of a Dominican Church in Vilnius

54. “St. Francis in Ecstasy” Caravaggio, 1595

55. “The Flagellation of Christ” by Caravaggio

56. “David and Goliath” by Caravaggio

57. “Salome with the Head of the Baptist” by Caravaggio

58. “The Cardsharps” Caravaggio, 1595

59. “Self-Portrait: The Artist” Artemisia Gentileschi, 1638-1639 The 1st woman accepted into the Academy of Drawing in Florence

60. “Susanna & the Elders” Artemisia Gentileschi, 1610

61. “The Dead Christ Mourned” Annibale Carracci, 1603

62. “Joseph’s Bloody Coat Brought to Jacob” Diego Vel á zquez, 1630

63. “Christ on the Cross” Diego Vel á zquez, 1632

64. “Las Meninas” or “The Maids of Honor” Diego Vel á zquez 1656

65. Student Report Rubens, Valaquez, Bernini

66. “St. Bonaventure on His Deathbed” Francisco de Zurbarn, 1629

67. “The Elevation of the Cross” by Peter Paul Reubens 1610-11

68. “The Lamentation ” by Peter Paul Reubens 1609-11

69. “Battle of the Amazons” Peter Paul Reubens

70. “A Village F ê te” Peter Paul Reubens

71. “The Ecstasy of St. Theresa of Avila” by Gianlorenzo Bernini 1647-52

72. “A Bust of Louis XIV” by Bernini

73. “A Bust of Cardinal Richelieu” by Bernini

75. Baroque Furniture

77. A Baroque Room

78. Giovanni Francesco Marchini, 1702-1736

80. Nicolas Poussin greatest French artist of the 17th century, the founder of his country's classical school.

81. Student Report Poussin & Rembrandt Rembrandt, “Self Portrait”

82. Nicolas Poussin With him, French painting shook off its provinciality and became a European affair, mirroring the power of its grand century, the age of Louis XIV.

83. “Abduction of the Sabine Women” by Poussin Also referred to As “The Rape of the Sabine Women.” 1633-34

84. Student Report Michel de Montaigne

85. Student Report Cervantes & Shakespeare Shakespeare