1. Figure 24-18a The Pancreas.
Common bile duct
Pancreatic duct
Lobules
Tail of
pancreas
Accessory pancreatic duct
Body of
pancreas
Head of
pancreas
Duodenal papilla
Duodenum
The gross anatomy of the pancreas. The head of the pancreas is tucked in to a C-shaped curve of the duodenum that begins at the pylorus of the stomach. a
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2. p. 908 Diagram of the cellular organization of the pancreas.
Figure 24-18b The Pancreas.
Pancreatic duct
Connective tissue septum
Exocrine cells in pancreatic acini
Endocrine cells in pancreatic islet b
Diagram of the cellular organization of the pancreas.
p. 908

3. Figure 24-19a The Anatomy of the Liver (Part 2 of 2).
Falciform ligament
Sternum
Porta hepatis
Left lobe of liver
Right lobe of liver
Stomach
Caudate lobe of liver
Lesser omentum
Inferior vena cava
Spleen
Pleural cavity
Aorta
Cut edge of diaphragm a
A transverse section through the superior abdomen (diagrammatic view)
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4. Figure 24-19b The Anatomy of the Liver.
Coronary ligament
Right lobe
Left lobe
Falciform ligament
Round ligament
Gallbladder b
The anterior surface of the liver
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5. Figure 24-19c The Anatomy of the Liver.
Coronary ligament
Left hepatic vein
Inferior vena cava
Left lobe
Caudate lobe
Porta Hepatis
Hepatic portal vein
Hepatic artery proper
Right lobe
Common bile duct
Quadrate lobe
Gallbladder c
The posterior surface of the liver
p. 910

6. p. 771 © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
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© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

7. Figure 24-20a Liver Histology.
1 mm
Interlobular septum
Bile duct
Branch of hepatic portal vein
Bile ductules
Portal area a
A diagrammatic view of liver structure, showing relationships among lobules
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8. Figure 24-20b Liver Histology.
Sinusoid
Central vein
Hepatocytes
Kupffer
cells
Bile canaliculi
Portal Area
Bile duct
Branch of hepatic portal vein
Branch of hepatic artery proper b
A single liver lobule and its cellular components
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9. Figure 24-21a The Anatomy and Physiology of the Gallbladder and Bile Ducts.
Round ligament
Left hepatic duct
Right hepatic duct
Left hepatic artery
Cystic duct
Common hepatic duct
Gallbladder
Fundus
Cut edge of lesser
omentum
Body
Neck
Common bile duct
Hepatic portal vein
Common hepatic artery
Liver
Duodenum
Right gastric artery a
A view of the inferior surface of the liver, showing the position of the gallbladder and ducts that transport bile from the liver to the gallbladder and duodenum. A portion of the lesser omentum has been cut away.
Stomach
Pancreas
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10. Figure 24-21b The Anatomy and Physiology of the Gallbladder and Bile Ducts.
Pancreatic duct
Common bile duct
Hepatopancreatic sphincter
Duodenal ampulla
Duodenal papilla
Pancreas
Intestinal lumen
A sectional view through a portion of the duodenal wall, showing the duodenal ampulla and related structures. b
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11. Figure 24-21c The Anatomy and Physiology of the Gallbladder and Bile Ducts.
Left hepatic duct
Right hepatic duct
Common hepatic duct
Gallbladder
Neck
Body
Fundus
Duodenum
Common bile duct c
A radiograph (cholangiogram, anterior-posterior view) of the gallbladder, biliary ducts, and pancreatic ducts.
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12. p. 912 Liver Duodenum CCK Lipid droplet 1 2 3 4
Figure 24-21d The Anatomy and Physiology of the Gallbladder and Bile Ducts. 1
The liver secretes bile continuously— about 1 liter per day. 2
Bile becomes more concentrated the longer it remains in the gallbladder.
Liver
Duodenum 3
CCK
The release of CCK by the duodenum triggers dilation of the hepatopancreatic sphincter and contraction of the gallbladder. This ejects bile into the duodenum through the duodenal ampulla. 4
In the lumen of the digestive tract, bile salts break the lipid droplets apart by emulsification.
Lipid droplet d
Physiology of the gallbladder.
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13. Figure 24-23 The Functions of Major Digestive Tract Hormones.
Ingested food
Hormone
Action
Food in stomach
Acid production by parietal cells
KEY
stimulates
inhibits
Gastrin
Stimulation of gastric motility; mixing waves increase in intensity
Release of insulin from pancreas
GIP
Release of pancreatic enzymes and buffers
Chyme in duodenum
Secretin and CCK
Bile secretion and ejection of bile from gallbladder
facilitates
Dilation of intestinal capillaries
VIP
facilitates
NUTRIENT UTILIZATION BY ALL TISSUES
Material arrives in jejunum
Nutrient absorption
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14. 915-does not look like this
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
915-does not look like this

15. p. 924 © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
p. 924
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

16. p. 927 © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

17. p. 923 © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings