1. Green Lane Masjid Tajweed Foundation Level Lesson 4
الجَوفُ والحَلق

2. X Gunnah from khaishoom
Recap of lesson 3
Put ( √ ) or ( X ) in front of the following sentences, correcting those sentences that are wrong:
The Gunnah has only one mekhrej which is the empty space of the mouth and throat.
X Gunnah from khaishoom
The 3 medd letters are pronounced from the shifataan.
X Medd letters from al-jouf
All the 28 Arabic letters are pronounced from the Al-Halq, Ash-Shifataan and Al-Lisan.

3. X Not Ghunnah but Ash-Shifataan
Al-Halq has 3 specific makharij while Al-Lisan has 10 specific makharij.
Most of the Arabic letters are pronounced from Al-Lisan.
In the Arabic language there are 17 specific makharij, 3 of them are in Al Halq.
The 5 main malharij are: Al-Halq, Al-Khaishoom, Al-Lisan, Al-Ghunnah, Al-Jouf.
X Not Ghunnah but Ash-Shifataan

4. 2) Match the Arabic to the English:
The Lips الجَوفُ
The Tongue الخَيشُوم
The Empty space
of mouth and throat الشَّفّتَان
The Nose الحَلقُ
The throat اللِّسَان

5. 3) What is the difference between a specific makhrij and a main mekhrij?
A main makhrij has at least one specific or approximate makhrij whereas a specific makhraij will have at least one letter articulated from it.

6. (Articulation points of the letters)
مَخَارِجُ الحُرُوفِ
(Articulation points of the letters)
Main مَخرَج
No. Of Specific مَخرَج
No. of letters
The Throat
الحَلقُ 3 6
The Tongue
اللِّسَانُ 10 18
The Two lips
الشَّفَتانُ 2 4
The Nose
الخَيشُومُ 1
الغُنَّةُ
Empty space in the mouth & throat
الجَوفُ
مُدُود
Only the throat, tongue and lips are used to pronounce the actual 28 letters.
The nose and the empty space of mouth & throat is used to produce
additional sounds (e.g. the ghunnah sound)

7. Empty Space of mouth and throat
الجَوفُ
Empty Space of mouth and throat
Use الجَوفُ only to say
the 3 medd letters in 1
approximate مَخرَج:
No other part of the mouth is
Used to lengthen a sound.
What are the 3 medd letters? ِي
َـا ُو

8. الحَلقُ أدنَى الحَلق وَسَطُ الحَلق غ خ ح ع هـ أ أقصَى الحَلق
The closest
part of throat
وَسَطُ الحَلق
The middle
part of throat غ خ ح ع هـ أ
أقصَى الحَلق
The furthest
part of throat

9. The characteristic of Istia’la
الإستِعلاء
The characteristic of Istia’la
The letters غand خ have the characteristic of istia’la.
Istia’la means:
the elevation (raising) of the back of the tongue to the upper palate upon pronouncing the islia’la letters, which are:
خص ضغط قظ

10. الإستِعلاء
Trapping the sound between the Roof of the mouth and the tongue
The sound flows out of the mouth

11. الحَلقُ

12. Put ( √ ) or ( X ) in front of the following sentences, correcting those sentences that are wrong:
Al-Halq is a main makhrij with 6 specific makhaarij for 3 letters. X 3 specific makhaarij for 6 letters.
The letters ( ء ) and (هـ ) are pronounced from the furthest part of the halq while ( ح ) and (ع ) are pronounced from the closest and ( غ ) and (خ ) are pronounced from the middle. X ع ح from middle and غ خ from closest

13. Al-Jouf has 1 specific makhrij. X 1 approximate
Al-Halq is one of 5 main makharij. X 3 specific
Al-Jouf has 3 specific makharij for 1 letter. X 1 approximate makharij for 3 letters
The letter of the halq are in the following order starting from the furthest part of al-halq:
( ء ) (هـ ) ( ح ) (ع ) ( غ ) (خ )
X ع then ح

14. X ِي d) The 3 mudood letters are َي ُو َـا .
e) Al-Halq is divided into 3 specific makharrij called أدنَى الحَلقِ وَسَطِ الحَلقِ وأقصَى الحَلق

15. 2) a) What are the 3 mudood and what are the conditions for them to exist? ِي ُو َـا
b) Where are the 3 mudood articulated? الجوف
3) a) How many specific makhaarij does Al-Halq have? 3
b) Name the specific makharij with their english meaning.
c) What are the six letters that are articulated from the specific makharij of al-halq?