1. Latin American Artists

2. Map of Mexico

3. Diego Rivera

4. *Born in Guanajuato, Mexico 1886 *Well-off family Mother’s side Jewish Mother’s side Jewish Father’s side Spanish nobility Father’s side Spanish nobility

5. Diego Rivera *Studied at Academy of San Carlos in Mexico City at age 10 in Mexico City at age 10 *Sponsored to study in Europe by governor of State of Veracruz 1907 *Studied in France, Spain and Italy *Returned to Mexico in 1920

6. Diego Rivera *1922 founded Revolutionary Union of Technical Workers, Painters & of Technical Workers, Painters & Sculptors Sculptors *1922 joined the Mexican Communist Party

7. Diego Rivera *Believed art was for everyone, especially the poor & working class *Often painted revolutionary themes *Depicted social issues and hardships of everyday life *Championed the causes of oppressed

8. Diego Rivera *Believed communism would better the life of the poor the life of the poor *Believed communism was crucial change needed to rid Mexico of desperate poverty *Housed Leon Trotsky & family

9. Diego Rivera *1909-1921 Angelina Belhoff (common law wife) Son 1916 ~ Diego Son 1916 ~ Diego Daughter 1918 ~ (from affair) Daughter 1918 ~ (from affair)

10. Diego Rivera *1922 – 1929 Guadalupe Marin (wife) Two daughters Two daughters *1929-1939, 1940-1954 Frida Kahlo (wife) (wife)

11. Diego Rivera *1955-1957 Emma Hurtado (wife) agent since 1946 (wife) agent since 1946 *Died November 24, 1957 of heart failure

12. Diego Rivera *Painted many murals in Mexico --Secretariat of Public Education --Secretariat of Public Education --National School of Architecture --National School of Architecture --Cortes Palace in Cuernavaca --Cortes Palace in Cuernavaca --National Palace in Mexico City --National Palace in Mexico City

13. Diego Rivera *1930 traveled to United States --Stock Exchange --Stock Exchange --California School of Fine Art --California School of Fine Art --DIA (1932-1933) --DIA (1932-1933)

14. Flower Festival Feast of Santa

15. El Vendedor de Alcatraces

16. Peasants

17. The Flower Carrier

18. Retrato de Ignacio

19. In the Arsenal

20. Dream of Sunday in Alameda Park

21. Detroit Industry

23. Frida Kahlo

24. *Born in Coyoacan, Mexico 1907 * Mexican Revolution 1910 * Blended family Mother’s side indigenous Mother’s side indigenous Father’s side German Father’s side German

25. Frida Kahlo

27. *Age 6 contracted polio, left right leg thinner than left *Wanted to study medicine *Fell in love with gang leader in high school (Alejandro Gomez Arias) (Alejandro Gomez Arias)

28. Frida Kahlo *September 17, 1925 bus accident *broken spinal column, collarbone, ribs, pelvis, 11 fractures in right leg, ribs, pelvis, 11 fractures in right leg, crushed & dislocated foot and crushed & dislocated foot and dislocated shoulder dislocated shoulder *Handrail pierced abdomen & uterus

29. Frida Kahlo *Gave up study of medicine *Taught herself to paint while recuperating *Used mirror & painted flat on her back

30. Frida Kahlo “I never painted dreams, I painted my own reality” --Frida my own reality” --Frida *stark portrayals of pain *symbolic monkey (lust)

31. Frida Kahlo *approached Diego Rivera for artistic advice *1929-1939 married 1940-1954 The Elephant & the Dove The Elephant & the Dove *Tumultuous relationship & firey temperaments temperaments

32. Frida Kahlo

33. *Frida in the US --art was not popular --art was not popular --disgusted by American customs --disgusted by American customs --was in Diego’s shadow --was in Diego’s shadow --Americans thought she was --Americans thought she was outrageous. outrageous.

34. Frida Kahlo *Died July 13, 1954 officially – pulmonary embolism officially – pulmonary embolism possibly – overdose possibly – overdose “I hope the exit is joyful and I hope to never return” --Frida

35. Self Portrait w/Monkey

36. Self Portrait Dedicated to Leon Trotsky

37. Diego en mi Pensamiento

38. Las Dos Fridas

39. Diego and Frida

40. Self-Portrait w/Flowers

41. Jose Clemente Orozco

42. *Born in Jalisco, Mexico 1883 *Inspired as young boy by illustrator Jose Guadalupe Posada to become artist *Attended Academia de San Carlos 1890-1903 (agriculture) 1906-1910 1890-1903 (agriculture) 1906-1910

43. Jose Clemente Orozco *1911-1924 worked as political cartoonist for local newspapers *1922 started to paint murals (human tragedy of revolution) (human tragedy of revolution) *1927-1934 lived in USA mechanization & dehumanization of life mechanization & dehumanization of life

44. Jose Clemente Orozco *1935 returned to Mexico --Guadalajara’s Hospicio Cabanas --Guadalajara’s Hospicio Cabanas --Gabino Ortiz Library --Gabino Ortiz Library --Government Palace --Government Palace --National Preparatory School --National Preparatory School

45. Jose Clemente Orozco *Left hand blown off in gunpowder accident ~ hands big deal in his works *1923 Margarita Valladares (wife) 3 children 3 children

46. Jose Clemente Orozco *Mexican social realist painter *most complex of Mexican muralists *painted human suffering & political views but less realistic than Rivera

47. Jose Clemente Orozco *1948 raided del Prado Hotel w/Rivera, Kahlo & Siquieros to add “does not exist” to mural *September 7, 1949 died

48. Mural of Hidalgo at City Hall

49. Dartmouth Mural

50. Departure of Quetzalcoatl

51. The Coming of Quetzalcoatl

52. Mural at Hospicio Cabanas

54. Mural at Government Palace

55. Mural at University of Guadalajara

56. Mural at Chamber of Deputies

57. David Alfaro Siqueiros

58. * Born in Chihuahua, Mexico 1896 *Well-off family Mother’s side musicians Mother’s side musicians Father’s side Portuguese Father’s side Portuguese

59. David Alfaro Siqueiros *Older sister & brother *Mother died when he was two *Raised by grandparents 9 years *Father a devout Catholic

60. David Alfaro Siqueiros *Attended a religious primary school *Attended National Academy of Fine Arts --1911(15yrs) involved in student --1911(15yrs) involved in student protest regarding teaching methods protest regarding teaching methods & demanded removal of director & demanded removal of director

61. David Alfaro Siqueiros *1914 joined Carranza’s Constitutional Army against Huerta government *Exposed to indigenous Mexican culture & struggles of rural poor

62. David Alfaro Siqueiros *1919 left to study in Europe --fresco, cubisim, use of intense --fresco, cubisim, use of intense colors colors *1922 returned to Mexico --muralist for Obregon’s --muralist for Obregon’s revolutionary government revolutionary government

63. David Alfaro Siqueiros *1923 founded Syndicate of Revolutionary Mexican Painters --National Prepatory School & other --National Prepatory School & other prominent buildings prominent buildings *Deeply entrenched in labor activities, unions & Mexican Communist Party

64. David Alfaro Siqueiros *1930’s jailed and internal exiled --politically themed lithographs --politically themed lithographs *1936-1939 commanded several brigades during Spanish Civil War --rose to lieutenant colonel --rose to lieutenant colonel

65. David Alfaro Siqueiros *1940 led an assassination attack on Leon Trotsky’s house *1947 exhibited 70 easel paintings at Palacio de Bellas Artes in Mexico

66. David Alfaro Siqueiros Trotskyhouse

67. *1948-1956 painted most famous murals *1959 jailed by President Adolfo Lopez Mateos for supporting leaders of railroad workers union

68. David Alfaro Siqueiros *1964 released from jail --partisan of international Marxism --partisan of international Marxism --supporter of Castro --supporter of Castro

69. David Alfaro Siqueiros *1964-1974 set up workshop in Cuernavaca --The March of Humanity --The March of Humanity *1966 awarded Lenin Peace Prize *died January 6, 1974

70. Mexico ~ Ministry of Education

71. Revolution

72. Chuahtemoc Ressurected

73. New Democracy

74. Peasant Mother

75. Mujer en la carcel

76. Fuga (Escape)

77. Paisaje Explosive

78. Jesusito Sera un Santo

79. Rufino Tamayo

80. *Born in Oaxaca, Mexico 1899 *Zapotecan Indians --Orphaned by 1911 --Orphaned by 1911 --Lived with aunt in --Lived with aunt in Mexico City Mexico City

81. Rufino Tamayo *1917 entered Escuela Nacional de Bellas Artes --experimented with cubism, --experimented with cubism, impressionism and fauvism but impressionism and fauvism but mixed with Mexican feel mixed with Mexican feel

82. Rufino Tamayo *Painted traditional Mexico *Refusal to follow political trend of Rivera, Orozco & Siqueiros labeled him a traitor *1926 traveled to New York to express his art freely

83. Rufino Tamayo *1929 returned to Mexico for solo art show met with considerable media coverage & praise *Mixografia – artwork printed on paper but with depth and texture *Painted murals

84. Rufino Tamayo *1937-1949 moved to New York with wife Olga --gained credibility in many gallery --gained credibility in many gallery shows shows *still haunted by political differences & controversy

85. Rufino Tamayo *Style expresses influence of Picasso, Braque, Expressionism and Abstraction Braque, Expressionism and Abstraction *Delicate in design, warmly subtle in coloration, symbolic

86. Rufino Tamayo *work shows pre-Columbian influences in references to religion where gods have human & animal characteristics

87. Rufino Tamayo *1949-1959 moved to Paris *1959 returned to Oaxaca, Mexico --built Museo Rufino Tamayo --built Museo Rufino Tamayo *1988 won Belisario Dominguez Medal of Honor of Honor

88. Rufino Tamayo *died June 24, 1991 of stroke *1970 painting Tres Personajes bought in 1977 by Houston man as a gift for his wife in 1977 by Houston man as a gift for his wife

89. Rufino Tamayo *1987 Tres Personajes stolen from storage unit *2003 Tres Personajes found in trash in New York City by Elizabeth Gibson *2007 Gibson received $15,000 reward and part of $1,049,000 auction sales price

90. The Fruit Vendor

91. Landscape

92. Tres Personjaes

93. Dos Figuras

94. Trovador

95. El Comedor de Sandias

96. America (Mural)

97. Luna y Sol

98. Mujer Sonriente

99. Cabeza con Sombrero