1. Arc Welding
By Ryan Saucier

2. History of Arc Welding Arc welding dates back to the late 1800’s
First developed following the invention of AC electricity
Pioneered when a man was welding with a bare metal rod on iron, the sparks from the welding caught a stack of newspapers on fire near him and while welding, he noticed that his welds started looking a lot better. The reason for this was the smoke took the oxygen out of his welding environment and decreased porosity.

3. What is Arc Welding?
The fusing of two or more pieces of metal together by using the heat produced from an electric arc welding machine.

4. Basics of Arc Welding
The arc is struck between the electrode and the metal. It then heats the metal to a melting point. The electrode is then removed, breaking the arc between the electrode and the metal. This allows the molten metal to “freeze” or solidify.

5. How an arc is formed?
The arc is like a flame of intense heat that is generated as the electrical current passes through a highly resistant air gap.

6. Welding Processes SMAW (Shielded Metal Arc Welding)
GMAW (Gas Metal Arc Welding)
GTAW (Gas Tungsten Arc Welding)
Oxygen/ Fuel Welding

7. SMAW Also referred to as “Stick Welding”
Used for everything from pipeline welding, farm repair and complex fabrication.
Uses a “stick” shaped electrode.
Can weld: steel, cast iron, stainless steel, etc.
Can also hardface with correct electrode.

10. Examples of SMAW Welds

11. GMAW Also referred to as “MIG” welding
Uses a shield gas and a continuous wire electrode
Used for all types of fabrication
Great for thin metals up to ¼”
Excellent speed of deposition
Used for metals such as: steel, aluminum and stainless steel.

14. GMAW Welds

15. MIG Welding Benefits All position capability
 Higher deposition rates than SMAW
 Less operator skill required
 Long welds can be made without starts and stops
 Minimal post weld cleaning is required

16. GTAW Also referred to as “TIG” Welding
Uses a shield gas, a non-consumable tungsten electrode and a hand fed filler rod
Excellent for welding thin metals, pipeline welding and exotic metals
Highly skilled labor needed for this process

21. GTAW Welding Benefits Welds can be made with or without filler metal
 Superior quality welds
 Welds can be made with or without filler metal
 Precise control of welding variables (heat)
 Free of spatter
 Low distortion

22. Oxygen/ Fuel Welding
Utilizes oxygen and a fuel gas to heat metal until it is in a molten state and fuse multiple pieces of metal together. Can be used with or without a filler rod.
Great for brazing dissimilar metals together.
Older technology that can be replaced by GTAW

24. Types of SMAW Machines

25. AC Welding Machine Most common type found in homes, farms, etc.
Good for farm repairs, light jobs.
Low cost

26. DC Welding Machines Often generator type machines
Diesel or gasoline engine driven
Portable
Expensive

27. AC/DC Welders Can weld in AC or DC polarity
Less expensive than DC machine
Quieter than DC machine

28. Arc Welding PPE