1. Economics of The Yankee Ridge Wind Farm Project Mark E. Hardwidge Rachael Jabusch

2. It appears that wind power is reaching this transition point, not because of increased environmental concern, but because simple economics now make wind turbines good investments. Wind power has many advantages for society, including environmental friendliness and reduced reliance on foreign resources. Ultimately, however, economics is the primary factor determining support for most projects. If wind power is “too expensive” it will receive little support. Once it becomes a net positive (that is, it generates a profit), it becomes a rational short term investment, and levels of adoption should increase rapidly.

3. The Initial Economics Model There are several factors influencing the economics of wind turbines: Initial cost of the turbine, construction, connection to the power grid, and so on Recurring maintenance costs Cost of capital and inflation rate Cost of electricity Government ecological (“green”) incentives http://www.windpower.org/en/tour/econ/econ.htm

4. As a scoping study, we constructed a more in-depth model to determine the return on investment of various scenarios, and investigated to the sensitivity to changes in various inputs to assess risk. A Better Economics Model Easy To Adjust Input Values Easy To Enhance Further Easy To Measure Sensitivity of Variables Verifies Initial Model Is Correct

5. Investors care about a number of things, including: Return on Investment Payback time - A long time period increases the risk of the project Risk - Numerous factors contribute to this risk, ranging from changes in electricity prices to physical damage to the wind turbine Investor Concerns

6. Economics Model Evaluation Example Scenario: 225 kW Wind Turbine Initial Cost: $260,000 Cost of Electricity: $0.08/kWh Cost of Capital: 5% annual Yield: ~12% annual $30,000 annually $30,000 annually Net Present Value: $480,000 (“Profit”) Break-Even Point: ~ 7 Years Yankee Ridge Scenario: 1.5 MW Wind Turbine Initial Cost: $1.2 Million Cost of Electricity: $0.05/kWh Cost of Capital: 5% annual Yield: ~ 5.8% annual $70,000 annually $70,000 annually Net Present Value: $1.35 Million (“Profit”) Break-Even Point: ~ 12 Years Two most viable options would be either selling to the grid, or selling to a single customer. Overall, there is a large potential for profit from the sale of wind power even in Central Illinois with a low average wind speed!

7. Other Opportunities We can approximate the total electrical power requirement of the Champaign-Urbana area to be on the order of a few hundred megawatts. There are a few different ways we can take advantage of this market: Complete management: Purchase (or lease) land on Yankee Ridge and wind turbines, connect to the electrical grid, and sell the power Localized wind farm with a single customer Champaign-Urbana has several customers that could purchase 100% of the power supplied: The University of Illinois Apartment Complexes

8. Suggestions Start Small! Opportunities in the area must be investigated more fully Start Soon! Become the leader in the area Starting at all would instantly make us the leader in the local area.