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Published byWalter Pope Modified over 9 years ago
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Levers Level 1 Physical Education Pakuranga College 2011
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Levers Levers are simple machines made up of a pivot (fulcrum), effort, and resistance (load) arm. Levers help apply force. Longer levers result in greater speed. Good for throwing & striking. Shorter levers result in greater strength. Good for pulling, pushing and lifting. The most common lever found in the human body is the 3 rd class lever
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Components of a lever Fulcrum – the pivot point around which the movement happens. Load – The weight that needs to be moved. Effort – The place where the force is applied. In the body this is the effort produced by the contracting muscles.
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Levers in the human body Levers are made up of the joints (fulcrum), and the bones that connect them to the objects being moved. Levers in the human body can be manipulated to improve speed, and apply large forces at the same time.
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First Class Lever These levers can help to either increase force or generate more speed depending on the position of the fulcrum.
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1 st class example: rowing oar
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1 st class body example:
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Second Class Lever These levers allow more force to be produced because the effort arm, is longer than the resistance arm.
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2 nd class lever examples: running and press-ups
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2 nd class body example:
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Third class lever Third class levers generate speed rather than force
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3 rd class examples: hockey stick and baseball bat
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3 rd class examples cont.: kayaking and diving board
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3 rd class body example
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How can we remember these levers? FLE 123 This Statement shows what element is in the middle: Fulcrum is in the middle in 1 st class levers Load is in the middle in 2 nd class levers Effort is in the middle in 3 rd class levers
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Practical Lab Here's what you'll need: a 30 cm plastic ruler 10 objects of varying weights a pencil/pen a level desk or table top
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Practical Lab Create each of the 3 classes of lever using the various pieces of equipment allowed.
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1 st, 2 nd, 3 rd class lever examples
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