2. Toxics Use Reduction Institute Bio-based Floor-Stripping Jason Marshall Investigating the ecological, health & safety implications of using bio-based floor strippers Or something like that

3. Useful Metric Conversions 2000 Mockingbirds 1 millionth of a fish 4 nickels = two kilomockingbirds = 1 microfiche = 1 paradigm

4. Why Biobased Floor Stripping May 2002, Section 9002 of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act (Public Law 107-17) –Federal agencies are mandated by this law to purchase and promote the purchase of biobased products United States Department of Agriculture –Memorandum in January of 2005 –Establishing the USDA biobased procurement program –Intent to increase the purchase and use of biobased products by Federal Government

5. What is Biobased A biobased product as defined by the Secretary of Agriculture –To be a commercial or industrial product (other than food or feed) that is composed, in whole or in significant part, of biological products or renewable domestic agricultural materials (including plant, animal, and marine materials) or forestry materials. www.ofee.gov/gp/USDA_Secretary's_Memo.pdf

6. Whole or Significant Part What does that really mean? Lab set up four categories –Whole100% –Significant≥50% –Partial≥25% –Minimal<25% must be greater than 0% This is where we want to be

7. Biobased Sources General source of materials in products –Soy –Corn –Plant –Citrus –Other

8. Journal of Environmental Health Article May 2007 From work conducted in 2005 –by Ephraim Massawe –Part of doctoral dissertation –2 nd Article on performance comparison Journal of Cleaner Production (not publication date yet)

9. Journal Article Context Preliminary work with the VA –Identify potential areas for using biobased products All purpose cleaning Hard surface cleaning Floor stripping Vehicle maintenance

10. Pilot Study Biobased Products Pilot Study at the Edith Nourse Rogers Memorial Veterans, Bedford, MA Two Areas of Focus –Floor Stripping –Hard Surface Cleaning

11. Process Product Identification Lab Testing Field Testing Evaluate Economics Recommendations for Change

12. Biobased Product Identification Existing floor strippers –Not many out there Lab’s website: www.cleanersolutions.org –Wax removal –Coating removal Web Search

13. Lab’s Website

14. Partial List of Possible Floor Strippers

15. Product Profile

16. Lab Safety Screening EHS analysis –Based on five parameters VOC GWP ODP HMIS/NFPA pH –Provides quick screening of the EHS impacts of cleaning alternatives

17. VOCs Source control –Eliminate products that have high levels of VOCs –Purchase new products that contain low or no VOCs (Environmentally Preferable Purchasing) VOC content (g/l) Pts 0-2410 25-499 50-748 75-996 100-1495 150-1994 200-2993 3002 >3000 Screening Values

18. GWPs Some greenhouse gases occur naturally in the atmosphere –Include water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone Others result from human activities –Very powerful greenhouse gases that are generated in a variety of industrial processes, including cleaning processes GWP ScorePts GWP = 010 GWP = 1 (CO2)5 All others =0

19. ODPs The ratio of the amount of ozone depletion of a chemical compared to the amount of ozone depletion of the same mass of CFC-11 Certain manufactured substances can destroy stratospheric ozone much faster than it is formed ODP PointsPts ODP = 010 All others =0

20. HMIS/NFPA Individual Indicator Scores –Add up HMIS/NFPA for each category –Use table to determine the number of points to assess HMIS/NFPA Point Assessment TotalPtsExamples 010 H-0 F-0 R-0 19 H-0 F-0 R-1, H-0 F-1 R-0 28 H-1 F-1 R-0, H-2 F-0 R-0 37 H-1 F-1 R-1, H-2 F-1 R-0 32 H-3 F-0 R-0 46 H-2 F-2 R-0, H-1 F-2 R-1 41 H-1 F-3 R-0 55 H-2 F-2 R-1 50 H-1 F-3 R-1, H-2 F-3 R-0 64 H-2 F-2 R-2 60 H-3 F-3 R-0 7, 8, 90 H-3 F-3 R-1, H-3 F-3 R-2

21. pH Neutral substances receive the highest Individual Indicator points Both very acidic and very basic are both avoided pHPts 0-1.00 1.1-2.44 2.5-2.96 3.0-4.07 4.1-5.98 6.0-6.49 6.5-7.510 7.6-8.99 9.0-9.98 10-11.47 11.5-11.96 12-12.44 12.5-12.92 13-140

22. Example Safety Screening Results

23. Safety Screening Should not be concluded from these results alone that all biobased products are safer with respect to EHS A full EHS study should be conducted on the products with higher Safety Screening Scores –TURI’s 5 Chemical Assessment

24. Lab Testing Bench scale testing –P–Preliminary screening –M–Manual wipe –M–Mechanical abrasion –S–See handouts Pre-pilot testing –F–Floor stripping machine

25. Field Testing Top performers used on site –Work completed by hospital staff –Witnessed by Lab staff Survey of work process –During stripping with existing solvent –With biobased alternative

26. Evaluate economics Product cost –Current solvent from the paper Found to be the cheapest product Operating cost –Initial biobased alternatives required longer times Some needed to be heated Environmental cost –Current solvent’s components linked to significant negative health, safety, and environmental impacts

27. Recommendations TURI’s Plan –Work with Bedford facility to implement biobased floor stripping products VA’s End Goal –Take results and assist in the adoption with all of the VA Hospitals

28. Finishing Work with VA Phase 2 of project –Hard surface cleaning Floor & wall Completion of both phases by December –2 Case studies –2 Executive summaries

29. CleanerSolutions Anyone want to see it? Anyone? Anyone? Class? Anyone? Anyone? Bueller? Bueller? Bueller?