1. Sleep Dreams Hypnosis

3. SLEEP DISORDERS

4. INSOMNIA 1 IN 10 ADULTS RECURRING PROBLEMS IN FALLING OR STAYING ASLEEP EXERCISE, AVOID CAFFEINE, AND HAVE REGULATED SLEEP Helps prevent insomnia

5. NARCOLEPSY A SLEEP DISORDER CHARACTERIZED BY UNCONTROLLABLE SLEEP ATACKS MAY LAPSE Directly INTO REM SLEEP lasting 5 to 10 minutes 1 IN 2000

6. SLEEP APNEA THIS IS WHEN BREATHING STOPS DURING SLEEP 1 IN 20 APNEA MEANS NO BREATH A Person WAKES But THEY DON’T KNOW THEY’RE DOING IT, CAN BE CONNECTED TO OBESITY.

7. NIGHT TERRORS MOSTLY IN CHILDREN THEY SELDOM WAKE UP FULLY DURING AN EPISODE AND RECALL LITTLE MOST HAVE A FRIGHTENING IMAGE

8. SLEEP WALKING IS A STAGE 4 SLEEP DISORDER THE LONGER YOUR ASLEEP IN STAGE 4 THE MORE LIKELY TO SLEEP WALK EVENTUALLY ENDS FROM DECREASE IN STAGE 4

9. We Dream To Satisfy our own wishes Dreams provide a “psychic safety valve” – expressing otherwise unacceptable feelings; contain manifest (remembered) content and a deeper layer of latent content (hidden message). Freud considered dreams the key to understanding our inner conflict Some contend that even if dreams are symbolic, they could be interpreted any way one wished.

10. We Dream To File Away Memories Information- Processing Dreams help us sore out the day’s events and consolidate our memories There is a link between REM Sleep and memory

11. We Dream To Develop and Preserve Neural Pathways Physiological Function Regular brain stimulation from REM sleep may help develop and preserve neural pathways Makes developmental sense

12. We Dream to To Make Sense of Neural Static Activation- Synthesis REM sleep triggers neural activity that evokes random visual memories, which our sleeping brain weaves into stories. Damage to the limbic system (emotional tone to visual bursts) and the visual centers (frontal lobe) will impair dreaming

13. We DreamTo Reflect Cognitive Development Dream content reflects dreamers’ cognitive development-their knowledge and understanding Dreams are a part of brain maturation and cognitive development

14. REM Rebound Tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM sleep deprivation (created by repeated awakenings during REM sleep) Biological and psychological explanations of behavior are partners not competitors

15. What is Hypnosis Hypnosis- a social interaction in which they hypnotist suggests to a subject that certain perceptions, feelings, thoughts, or behaviors will spontaneously occur.

16. Can anyone experience hypnosis? Everyone is open to suggestions but how much suggestion determines how “hypnotizable” someone is. People that are more imaginative, more likely to get lost in movies or other forms of fiction are more hypnotizable. About 20% of all people are highly hypnotizable

17. Can hypnosis enhance recall of forgotten events? Most of the research preformed in the last sixty years suggests that the ability to recover childhood memories is false. Hypnotically refreshed memories are guided by the hypnotist and then the subject combines fact and fiction

18. Can hypnosis force people to act against their will? NO Can Hypnosis be Therapeutic? It has helped with headaches, asthma, stress- related skin disorders, and obesity. Drug, alcohol, and smoking addictions do not respond.

19. Posthypnotic Suggestions A suggestion, made during a hypnosis session, to be carried out after the subject is no longer hypnotized; used by some clinicians to help control undesired symptoms and behaviors.

20. Hypnosis as a Social Phenomenon Some researches believe that hypnotic phenomena reflect the workings of normal consciousness and the power of social influence The more someone likes or trusts the hypnotist, the more they allow that person to direct their attention Advocates of the social influence theory contend that hypnotic phenomena are an extension of everyday social behavior not hypnosis.

21. Hypnosis as Divided Consciousness Distinctive brain activity accompanies hypnosis. Many believe hypnosis involves not only social influence but also a dissociation- a split between different levels of consciousness Selective attention may also cause hypnosis

22. Social Phenomenon or Divided Consciousness? Belief that there are no contradictions between the two approaches Hypnosis is an extension both of normal principles of social influence and of everyday dissociations between our conscious awareness and our automatic behaviors