1. Athens and Sparta

2. "The walls of Sparta were its young men, and its borders the points of their spears.” -King Agesilaos

3. Sparta - Lifestyle and Values
Fear
Aim in life: to be fighting fit
Discouraged personal expression
Valued duty, strength, discipline
Trained to dislike luxury
Weak babies killed at birth
Service above all else

4. Sparta - Education Boys begin at age 7 Reading, writing
Mostly athletics and military training
Strict adherence to suffering
Girls being at age 7
Reading, writing, gymnastics, athletics, survival

5. Women’s Roles - Sparta Educated Allowed to participate in sports
Goal: to produce strong babies
Treated more as equals

6. Sparta - Government Oligarchy Two kings Five “ephors” Overseers
Council “apella”
Judges
Proposed laws
Assembly
A Spartan King

7. Sparta - Government

8. Sparta - Social Structure
Spartiates
Military professionals
Perioeci
Outsiders
Could not vote
Helots
Peasant workers

9. Athens, the eye of Greece, mother of arts and eloquence -John Milton

10. Athens - Values and Lifestyle
Meaningful life
Intellectual pursuits
Wisdom
Curiosity
Mind/Body perfection
Civic responsibility
Cultural superiority
Trade

11. Athens - Education Males: Wealthy males Begin at 5
End - dependent on wealth
Broader education
Older boys
Logic, philosophy, ethics, public speaking
Military school
Athletics each day
Females:
No formal schooling
Domestic education by female household members

12. Athens - Women’s Roles In the home Learned the art of domestic duty
Some roles in religious life
Couldn’t play sports

13. Athens - Social Structure
Freemen
All male citizens
Divided into classes
Aristocrats
Middle ranks
Thetes - lowest class
Metics
Outsiders
Not allowed to own land
Could run industries and businesses.
Slaves
Lowest class with no rights
Some were given important roles in Athens, like policemen
Women
No rights

14. Democratic Principles
Direct Democracy:
Citizens vote directly rather than having a representative
Public Debate
Able to openly discuss different topics
Duties of citizen
Know the law and follow it
Civic responsibilities
Democratic Principles

15. Activity: each of you is a greek citizen of either sparta or athens
Activity: each of you is a greek citizen of either sparta or athens. You must develop a list of 10 reasons why your city-state is better to live in.