1. 4-bit Shift Register

2. 2-bit Register

3. Serial-in-serial-out Shift Register

4. Serial-in-parallel-out Shift Register

5. Synchronous Counter

6. Ring Counter

7. Up/down counter library ieee; use ieee.std_logic_1164.all; use ieee.std_logic_unsigned.all; use ieee.std_logic_arith.all; -- up/down counter entity counterupdown is port (load,reset, clk: in std_logic;-- control signal dir: in std_logic;-- direction d: in std_logic_vector (3 downto 0); q: out std_logic_vector (3 downto 0) ); end counterupdown;

8. architecture behave of counterupdown is begin a:process (clk,reset,d) variable temp: std_logic_vector (3 downto 0); begin if (clk'event and clk = '1') then if (reset = '1') then temp := "0000"; elsif (load = '0') then temp := d; else if (dir = '1') then temp := temp + "0001"; elsetemp := temp - "0001";end if; end if; q <= temp; end process a; end behave;

9. Waveform (up/down counter)

10. Binary counter library ieee; use ieee.std_logic_1164.all; use ieee.std_logic_unsigned.all; use ieee.std_logic_arith.all; entity binarycounter is port (clk: in std_logic; q: out std_logic_vector (3 downto 0) ); end binarycounter;

11. architecture behave of binarycounter is signal temp : std_logic_vector (3 downto 0); begin a:process (clk) begin if (clk'event and clk = '0') then temp <= temp + "0001"; end if; q <= temp; end process a; end behave;

12. Waveform (binary counter)

13. Mod 2 counter library ieee; use ieee.std_logic_1164.all; use ieee.std_logic_unsigned.all; use ieee.std_logic_arith.all; entity mod2 is port (clk: in std_logic; q: out std_logic_vector (3 downto 0) ); end mod2;

14. architecture behave of mod2 is signal temp : std_logic_vector (3 downto 0); begin a:process (clk) begin if (clk'event and clk = '0') then if (temp = "0010" ) then temp <= "0000"; else temp <= temp + "0001"; end if; q <= temp; end process a; end behave;

15. Waveform (mod 2 counter)