1. CSR strategy (modified) R.A.M. strategy extended

2.  Experiences in classroom  Experiences doing own reading  Ideas for modifications  O, T, N, R, Y

3.  Explain purpose of strategy  Model strategy by “thinking aloud”  Do strategy together with students  Guide students’ practice  Supervised independence

4.  Prepare and Preview ◦ Address difficult vocabulary; review grammar structure (for less advanced students) ◦ Discuss what students already know about the topic ◦ Look at pictures, titles, bolded or repeated words/phrases, or headings to predict what they might learn

5.  Students read text while answering and marking WH questions. (R.A.M.)  Students reread text (if necessary ) to identify if text is primarily about: 1. a person, place, or thing. 2. which person, place, or thing. 3.what is being said about the person, place, or thing  Students share what the “Gist” or Main Idea of the section is.

7. Bremer, C. D., Vaughn, S., Clapper, A. T., & Kim, A. (2002). Collaborative strategic reading (CSR): Improving secondary students' reading comprehension skills. Improving Secondary Education and Transition Services through Research, 1(2), 1–7. Dimino, J. A., Simon, E., & Vaughn, S. (2007). Collaborative strategic reading (CSR): Improving reading comprehension skills. National Center on Secondary Education and Transition (NCSET) Conference Call Presentation, September 17, 2002.

8. Education Development Center. (2007). Reading: Reading expository text. Retrieved March 4, 2008, from http://www.literacymatters.org/content/readand write/expos.htm http://www.literacymatters.org/content/readand write/expos.htm * *The IRIS Center for Training Enhancements. (2008). CSR: A reading comprehension strategy. Retrieved on February 1, 2011from http://iris.peabody.vanderbilt.edu/csr/chalcycle. htm http://iris.peabody.vanderbilt.edu/csr/chalcycle. htm Klingner, J. K., Vaughn, S., & Schumm, J. S. (1998). Collaborative strategic reading during social studies in heterogeneous fourth-grade classrooms. The Elementary School, Journal 99(1), 3–22.

9. Readwritethink. Get the Gist: A Summarizing Strategy for Any Content Area. Retrieved on February 4, 2011, fromhttp://www.readwritethink.org/classroo m-resources/lesson-plans/gist- summarizing-strategy-content-290.htmlhttp://www.readwritethink.org/classroo m-resources/lesson-plans/gist- summarizing-strategy-content-290.html Schumaker, J. B., Deshler, D. D., Alley, G. R., Warner, M. M., Denton, P. H. (1982). Multipass: A Learning Strategy for Improving Reading Comprehension. Learning Disability Quarterly, 5(3), 295-304.