1. Carter’s Foreign Policy

2. Improving Human Rights Panama Canal Treaty Recognizing China Solving the Middle East Issues Improving Soviet Relations

3. Improving Human Rights Made this his number one foreign policy issue Continued that throughout his presidency and through today –Opened the Carter Center Believed America had to hold their allies and foes accountable –Risked straining relations with friends and widening existing rift between foes Boycott of the 1980 Moscow Summer Olympics Soviets response? Boycott the LA 1984 Olympics –Hurt Americans more so than the Soviets

4. Panama Canal Treaties Talks began after anti-American riots forced America to enter talks regarding future of Canal Agreed to gradually turn over control of the Canal to Panama by 2000

5. Panama Canal Treaties Proponents: Improved relations Opponents: Gave it away

6. Recognition of the PRC January 1, 1979

7. Taiwan -severed formal relations with Taiwan

8. Carter and the PRC Proponents: Improved relations with PRC Opponents: Got nothing; sold out Taiwan

9. Peace in the Middle East

10. Camp David Accords March 26, 1979 Carter’s greatest success Egyptian President Anwar Sadat Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin

11. Camp David Accords Met in Camp David with Carter acting as mediator. 4 points: Israel agreed to a phased withdrawal of the Sinai Peninsula US would establish monitoring posts to prevent attacks Egypt fully recognized Israel Israel would begin to negotiate with Palestine for peace

12. How did international crises affect Carter’s presidency? In 1979 a series of events occurred that seemed to overwhelm Carter’s presidency. In 1979, the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan. On November 4, 1979, a mob attacked the American embassy in Tehran, Iran’s capital, and took several dozen Americans hostage.

13. Soviets invaded Afghanistan December 25, 1979

14. Carter’s Reaction to the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan Hotline Withdrew SALT II Olympic Boycott Helped Afghan Freedom Fighters Carter Doctrine

15. Containment + Persian Gulf =

16. Did the Soviet Army leave Afghanistan? NO

17. Iran-Hostage Crisis November 4, 1979 – January 20, 1981 444 Days

18. Struggle for Power in Iran Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini

19. Shah = US Puppet Operation AJAX (1953)

20. Poor Economic Conditions of Iran Average Annual Income of Iranian Male (1979) $500

21. Riots in Iran (1978 – 1979) Shah’s “Vacation” January 16, 1979 Entered US: October 22, 1979

23. November 4, 1979 Death to the Shah! Death to Carter! Death to America!

24. 66 Americans taken hostage 14 would be released 52 American hostages would remain

25. WWCD? What would Carter do? Felt like his child was kidnapped

26. Take Away Their Money Carter Froze Iranian Assets November 14, 1979

28. Operation Eagle Claw April 24, 1980

29. Failure: Operation Eagle Claw Three of the eight helicopters had engine failures

30. Failure: Operation Eagle Claw

31. Operation Eagle Claw -8 killed

32. The Situation Started to Change Shah died –July 27, 1980 Iran-Iraq War started –September 22, 1980 Reagan promised to be tougher

33. Money Transferred US Banks Bank of England Swiss Bank Account Iranian Bank

34. The Deal (done January 19,1981) 2.9 billion in frozen Iranian assets returned

35. Freedom: January 20,1981 444 days

36. Hostages Freed: 33 minutes into Reagan’s Presidency

37. Bye Bye Jimmy