1. NAME THAT GHETTO!!! Nazi Ghettos

2. Nazi Ghetto  Purpose: To separate Polish and German Jews into special work areas  400 ghettos in Poland and Nazi occupied Eastern Europe  Starvation and deprivation was used to weaken captives  Separated from towns by a fence or wall in the poorest, under-developed part of the city

3. Ghetto Propaganda  Necessary to separate in order to protect non-Jews from the Jews b/c  Jews carried epidemic illnesses Truth: Conditions in Ghettos created them  Jews cooperated with German enemies  Protection against Jewish thugs BIG TRUTH: Nazi’s wanted to remove Jews from population

4. Organizing Ghettos:  1 st Ghetto in Poland est. October 8, 1939 in Piotrkow Tribunalski  28,000 Jews displaced  Work camp to produce glass jars and bottles  2 nd ghetto in Lodz established February 8, 1940

5. Lodz Ghetto  Established in “Baloty Quarter”  Poverty ridden area of Lodz  31,962 apartments with no toilets or running water  Eventually became a large slave labor camp  Problems: Hunger, overcrowding, and lack of sanitation

6. Lodz Ghetto

7. Life in Lodz Ghetto  Work Camp  Deported to Chelmno and Auschwitz  1940-162,000-164,000 Jews were crowded into a 1.54 square mile area  1942- 204,800 Jews  At height of production, there were 96 factories producing textiles  Children and elderly were first deported

8. Gypsies in Lodz  5,000 deported in 1941  Put in fenced off area within the ghetto  600 died of typhus  Disease carried by lice  Fever, rash, inflammation in brain and heart= deadly  Nazis feared they would spread more diseases, so they sent them to Chelmno in 1942

9. Warsaw Ghetto  Jewish population pre-WWII was 368,000 out of 1.26 million (about 30%)  Largest ghetto in population  September 12, 1940, Hans Frank ordered Warsaw ghetto to form  Organized and established October 12, 1940  400,000 Jews lived in ghetto  Food rationed, but not sufficient  Eventually shipped to Treblinka death camp: 265,000 in 1942

10. Warsaw Resistance  Jan. 9, 1943- Himmler orders deportations of 8,000 Jews  No one reported  Suspended deportations until April 19, 1943  2000 German police came into ghetto vs. 1500 resistance fighters  April 19, 1943- May 16, 1943  7,000 died in the fighting and 7,000 were deported to Treblinka  20,000 lived in hiding after uprising

11. Krakow Ghetto  15,000 -20,000 Jews in Krakow ghetto initially in 1941  Factories established in the ghettos, some were forced to work in factories and forced labor projects outside ghettos  March 13-14, 1943- 2,000 Jews killed in ghettos, 2,000 Jews capable of working sent to Plaszow, another labor camp, and 3,000 sent to Auschwitz  Oskar Schindler

12. Judenraete  Jewish councils  Purpose:  To ensure Nazi orders and regulations are implemented  Provide basic community services to the Ghettos  Controversial because they had to turn in names for deportation- noncompliance= DEATH  Some advocated compliance b/c believed “rescue through labor”  Most people in ghettos felt betrayed

13. Assignment:  Using the information in your charts about ghettos, the readings about the ghetto life, and the rounding up process, you will need to complete the following:  Write a poem an ABC poem about life in the ghettos and how the people were treated by the Nazis. (40 points)  Illustrate your reaction to the treatment of the Jews in the ghettos. (30 points)  Reflect on what your role would have been if you were forced into a ghetto and what would you have done? Would you have resisted or tried to “work to live”? (30 points) This will be a quiz grade.