1. GHS Implementation Training 5:- Hazard Communication 1 William G. Machin Manager; Classification and Hazard Communication Cefic European Chemical Industry Council Brussels

2. GHS Implementation Training 5:- Hazard Communication 2 GHS Hazard Communication

3. GHS Implementation Training 5:- Hazard Communication 3 Hazard Communication Tools  Training  Labels  Safety Data Sheets

4. GHS Implementation Training 5:- Hazard Communication 4 Training  Training users is an integral part of hazard communication.  Key target audiences for training include workers, emergency responders, and those involved in the preparation of labels, SDS and hazard communication strategies as part of risk management systems.  Systems should identify appropriate education and training  Training should be appropriate for and commensurate with the nature of the work or exposure.  Others involved in the transport and supply of hazardous chemicals also require training to varying degrees.  Systems should consider strategies required for educating consumers in interpreting label information on products that they use

5. GHS Implementation Training 5:- Hazard Communication 5 Target Audiences Workers Label Safety Data Sheet Training Workplace Information Transport Labels Training Other Information

6. GHS Implementation Training 5:- Hazard Communication 6 Target Audiences Consumers Label – only source of information Emergency Responders Medical Personnel Labels Safety Data Sheets Other Information Fire Fighters Labels – Graphical Information Other Information

7. GHS Implementation Training 5:- Hazard Communication 7 Labels Harmonised Labelling Elements  Pictograms  Signal Words  Hazard Statements  Product Identifiers * Precautionary Statements or Pictograms Optional in the UN GHS, but will be mandatory in the EU GHS Work is ongoing at the UN SCE GHS on Precautionary Statements

8. GHS Implementation Training 5:- Hazard Communication 8 Harmonised Labelling Elements (see UN GHS Annex I) Hazard ClassAcute Toxicity Oral Hazard Category1 Pictograms or Signal WordDanger Hazard StatementFatal if swallowed

9. GHS Implementation Training 5:- Hazard Communication 9 Pictograms Frame Colour Symbol

10. GHS Implementation Training 5:- Hazard Communication 10 Transport Pictograms used for the GHS

11. GHS Implementation Training 5:- Hazard Communication 11 GHS Pictograms

12. GHS Implementation Training 5:- Hazard Communication 12 Precedence of Hazard Pictograms Transport Pictogram>GHS Pictogram Health Hazard Pictograms Skull and crossbones>Exclamation Mark Corrosive>Exclamation Mark (skin/eye irritation) Health Hazard >Exclamation Mark (respiratory sensitisation)(dermal Sensitisation, skin/eye irritation) Physico-Chemical Hazard Symbols In accordance with the UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods

13. GHS Implementation Training 5:- Hazard Communication 13 Signal Words A word used to indicate the relative severity of the hazard DangerUsed for the more severe hazard categories (usually 1 & 2) WarningUsed for the less severe hazard categories Some Hazard Categories do not have Signal Words assigned The Signal Words assigned to each Hazard Class and Hazard Category are shown in Annex 1 of the UN GHS

14. GHS Implementation Training 5:- Hazard Communication 14 Hazard Statements A Hazard Statement is a phrase assigned to a Hazard Class and Category that describes the nature of the hazard, including the severity of the hazard where applicable. A Hazard Statement is allocated to each Hazard Class and Category – see Annex 1 of the UN GHS NOTE: In the second revised edition of the GHS, Hazard Statements have now been codified

15. GHS Implementation Training 5:- Hazard Communication 15 CodeHazard statements for health hazards Hazard class (GHS chapter)Hazard category (1)(2)(3)(4) H300Fatal if swallowedAcute toxicity – oral (chapter 3.1)1, 2 H301Toxic if swallowedAcute toxicity – oral (chapter 3.1)3 H302Harmful if swallowedAcute toxicity – oral (chapter 3.1)4 H303May be harmful if swallowedAcute toxicity – oral (chapter 3.1)5 H304May be fatal if swallowed and enters airwaysAspiration hazard (chapter 3.10)1 H305May be harmful if swallowed and enters airwaysAspiration hazard (chapter 3.10)2 H310Fatal in contact with skinAcute toxicity – dermal (chapter 3.1)1, 2 H311Toxic in contact with skinAcute toxicity – dermal (chapter 3.1)3 H312Harmful in contact with skinAcute toxicity – dermal (chapter 3.1)4 H313May be harmful in contact with skinAcute toxicity – dermal (chapter 3.1)5 H314Causes severe skin burns and eye damageSkin corrosion/irritation (chapter 3.2)1A, 1B, 1C Table A3.1.2Hazard statement codes for health hazards

16. GHS Implementation Training 5:- Hazard Communication 16 Precautionary Statements/Pictograms A Precautionary Statement is a phrase or Pictogram that describes the recommended measures that should be taken to minimise or prevent the adverse effects resulting from exposure to a hazardous product or improper handling or storage of a hazardous product. There are 5 types of Precautionary Statement;  General Precautionary Statements  Prevention Precautionary Statements  Response Precautionary Statements  Storage Precautionary Statements  Disposal Precautionary Statements For guidance on the allocation and use of precautionary statements or pictograms – see Annex 3 of the UN GHS NOTE: In the second revised edition of the GHS, Hazard Statements have now been codified

17. GHS Implementation Training 5:- Hazard Communication 17 Code Storage precautionary statements Hazard classHazard categoryConditions for use (1)(2)(3)(4)(5) P401Store …Explosives (chapter 2.1) Unstable explosives and Divisions 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5... in accordance with local/ regional/national/ international regulations (to be specified). P402 Store in a dry place. Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases (chapter 2.12) 1, 2, 3 P403 Store in a well-ventilated place. Flammable gases (chapter 2.2)1, 2 Oxidizing gases (chapter 2.4)1 Gases under pressure (chapter 2.5) Compressed gas Liquefied gas Refrigerated Liquefied gas Dissolved gas Flammable liquids (chapter 2.6)1, 2, 3, 4 Self-reactive substances and mixtures (chapter 2.8) Types A, B, C, D, E, F Acute toxicity – inhalation (chapter 3.1)1, 2, 3 -if product is volatile so as to generate hazardous atmosphere. Specific target organ toxicity – single exposure; respiratory tract irritation (chapter 3.8) 3 Specific target organ toxicity – single exposure; narcosis (chapter 3.8) 3 Table A3.2.4Codification of storage precautionary statements

18. GHS Implementation Training 5:- Hazard Communication 18 Other GHS Label Information Product Identifier and Chemical Identities (i)A product identifier has to be used on a label which should match the product identifier used in the SDS. Where a substance or mixture is covered by the UN Model Regulations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods, the UN proper shipping name should also be used; (ii)For a substance, the label should include the chemical identity of the substance. For mixtures or alloys, the label should include the chemical identities of all ingredients or alloying elements that contribute to acute toxicity, skin corrosion or serious eye damage, germ cell mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, reproductive toxicity, skin or respiratory sensitisation, or Target Organ Systemic Toxicity (TOST), when these hazards appear on the label.

19. GHS Implementation Training 5:- Hazard Communication 19 Other GHS Label Information Supplier Identification The Manufacturer or Supplier should also provide the following information on the GHS Label (i)Name of the Manufacturer or Supplier (ii)Address of the Manufacturer or Supplier (iii)Telephone Number of the Manufacturer or Supplier Emergency advise should normally be available from this number

20. GHS Implementation Training 5:- Hazard Communication 20 Presentation of information on the label The GHS hazard pictograms, signal word and hazard statements should be located together on the label. The competent authority may choose to provide a specified layout for the presentation of these and for the presentation of precautionary information, or allow supplier discretion. Labelling examples are shown in Annex 7 of the UN GHS

21. GHS Implementation Training 5:- Hazard Communication 21 Current EU Labelling

22. GHS Implementation Training 5:- Hazard Communication 22 UNXXXX & Proper Shipping Name GHS Product Identifier (§1.4.10.5.2(d)(i)) [GHS Chemical Identities (§1.4.10.5.2(d)(ii))] GHS Signal Word (§1.4.10.5.2(a)) GHS Hazard Statement (§1.4.10.5.2(b)) GHS Precautionary Statement (§1.4.10.5.2(c)) GHS Supplier Identifier (§1.4.10.5.2(e)) GHS Supplemental Information (§1.4.6.3) XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX Commercial Information PRODUCT ABC Manufactured by Company XYZ Product Information/Use Instructions XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX GHS Supplemental Information §1.4.10.5.4.2 Transport Information §1.4.10.5.2(d)(i) GHS Label Other Information Company/Branding Information GHS Label §1.4.10.5.4.1

23. GHS Implementation Training 5:- Hazard Communication 23 Hazard Communication – Considerations 1Comprehensibility 2Confidential Business Information 3Updating of Labels and Safety Data Sheets 4Supplemental Information 5Competent Authority Options

24. GHS Implementation Training 5:- Hazard Communication 24 Comprehensibility Principles underpinning GHS Hazard Communication a)Information should be conveyed in more than 1 way b)Comprehensibility of the labelling components should take account of existing experience c)Hazard Statements used to indicate the severity of the hazard should be consistent across hazard classes

25. GHS Implementation Training 5:- Hazard Communication 25 Confidential Business Information (CBI) -Rules for the protection of CBI are elaborated at National level -Protection of CBI should not compromise Health and Safety -Rules on CBI of an importing country have to be respected GHS 1.4.8.3 states General principles for the Protection of CBI; (a)For information otherwise required on labels or safety data sheets, CBI claims should be limited to the names of chemicals, and their concentrations in mixtures. All other information should be disclosed on the label and/or safety data sheet, as required; (b)Where CBI has been withheld, the label or chemical safety data sheet should so indicate; (c)CBI should be disclosed to the competent authority upon request. The competent authority should protect the confidentiality of the information in accordance with applicable law and practice; The rules in REACH will be those applicable for CBI in the EU

26. GHS Implementation Training 5:- Hazard Communication 26 Updating of Labels & Safety Data Sheets 1 New Information Updating should be carried out promptly on receipt of new or significant information that changes the GHS classification of the substance or mixture and leads to a resulting change in the information provided on the label or any information concerning the chemical and appropriate control measures that may affect the SDS. 2 Periodic Review Suppliers should also periodically review the information on which the label and safety data sheet for a substance or mixture is based, even if no new and significant information has been provided to them in respect of that substance or mixture.

27. GHS Implementation Training 5:- Hazard Communication 27 Supplemental Information Supplemental Information is permitted if; (a)the supplementary information provides further detail and does not contradict or cast doubt on the validity of the standardised hazard information; or (b)the supplementary information provides information about hazards not yet incorporated into the GHS. The supplementary information should not lower standards of protection. The placement of supplemental information should not impede identification of GHS information

28. GHS Implementation Training 5:- Hazard Communication 28 Competent Authority Options - Labelling 1.4.6.3.1Supplemental Information – specify additional Information 1.4.10.5.2(c)Precautionary Statements – specify what to use 1.4.10.5.2(c) Precautionary Statements – allow use of Pictograms 1.4.10.5.2(d)(ii)Product Identifier – can require all Chemical Identities 1.4.10.5.2(d)(iii)Product Identifier – to allow Chemical identity on SDS 1.4.10.5.3.1Symbol Precedence – require all Phys-Chem. Pictograms 1.4.10.5.4.2Supplemental Information – allow additional information 1.4.10.5.5CMRs – to allow certain information either on label or SDS 1.4.10.5.5Labelling Metals & Alloys – allow information on SDS only 1.4.10.5.5.2Consumer Risk Based Labelling – allow Risk based labels 1.4.7.2.2Updating Labels for new information – may specify time limit 1.4.7.2.3Label Content Review – may specify review period required 1.4.10.4.2.3GHS Pictograms – can permit use of black frame 1.4.10.5.3.3Hazard Statements – may specify sequence on label 1.4.10.5.4.1Label format – may specify format 1.4.10.5.4.3Use of Colour on label – may stipulate own provisions 1.4.10.5.5.1Workplace Labelling – may allow alternative methods

29. GHS Implementation Training 5:- Hazard Communication 29 Safety Data Sheet (SDS) Primary use of the SDS is for workplace users(1.5.1.2) SDS enables the employer to;(1.5.1.1) (i)develop an active programme of worker protection measures, including training, which is specific to the individual workplace; and (ii)consider any measures necessary to protect the environment. An SDS should be produced for;(1.5.2)  all substances and mixtures which meet the harmonized criteria for physical, health or environmental hazards under the GHS  all mixtures which contain substances that meet the criteria for carcinogenic, toxic to reproduction or target organ systemic toxicity in concentrations exceeding the cut-off limits for SDS specified by the criteria for mixtures (see paragraph1.5.3.1).

30. GHS Implementation Training 5:- Hazard Communication 30 Safety Data Sheets (SDS) Headings in Annex II of REACH are consistent with the GHS 1. Identification 2. Hazard(s) identification 3. Composition/information on ingredients 4. First-aid measures 5. Fire-fighting measures 6. Accidental release measures 7. Handling and storage 8. Exposure controls/personal protection 9. Physical and chemical properties 10. Stability and reactivity 11. Toxicological information 12. Ecological information 13. Disposal considerations 14. Transport information 15. Regulatory information 16. Other information. See UN GHS Annex 4 for guidance

31. GHS Implementation Training 5:- Hazard Communication 31 Competent Authority Options - SDS 1.5.2To require an SDS for certain unclassified mixtures 1.5.3.1.3To require an SDS for mixtures which are not classified for acute toxicity or aquatic toxicity as a result of application of the additivity formula, but which contain acutely toxic substances or substances toxic to the aquatic environment in concentrations ≥ 1 % 1.5.3.1.4Not to require an SDS for certain Hazard Classes/Categories 1.5.3.3.1 To require additional information

32. GHS Implementation Training 5:- Hazard Communication 32 UN SCE GHS 2007/2008 Work Program Hazard Communication Revision of Annexes 1, 2 and 3 of the UN GHS (UK Leading) Revision/Simplification of Precautionary Statements Combination Hazard Statements Combination Precautionary Statements Guidance on the labelling of very small packages (Cefic Leading)