1. Library Tutorial for SC2208 Population & Society http://libguides.nus.edu.sg/sc2208 http://libguides.nus.edu.sg/sc2208 Hayati Abdul Resource Librarian (Sociology) clbha@nus.edu.sg 1

2. SC2208 Library guide & Tutorial PPT in IVLE 2

3. What You’ll Learn Understand the research process Find citations & full-text articles Use advanced searching techniques Search subscribed databases Evaluate information sources. 3

4. Get Started 4

5. Exploring a Topic Choose a topic that interest you personally Get ideas from scanning books, encyclopedias, journal or newspaper articles Ensure that your topic has sufficient resources Avoid topics that are too broad or too narrow. 5

6. The Research Process Explore Identify main keywords List synonyms, related words & variant spellings Create search statement Search for sources using LINC+/LINC & databases Get more sources by checking references Are there enough? Evaluate quality, currency, relevance, etc. yes no Complete your assignment Topic 6

7. Information Sources SourceUseful forHow to Access BooksOverview of topicsLINC+, LINC Journal articles In-depth treatment of topics, usually current and scholarly. Some journals may be peer- reviewed Citations: databases Full-text: LINC+, LINC Newspapers Recent events, anecdotes, book reviews, interviews, biographical information, “data” Factiva, LexisNexis, microfilms Theses & dissertationsStudents’ exploration of topics LINC+, LINC, Proquest Dissertations & Theses Websites (.edu,.gov,.org ) Exploring the topicSearch engines 7

8. Evaluating Information Sources Authority: reputable publisher, society or organisation; author’s credentials & institutional affiliation Accuracy: methods of research; means to verify data; support by references Objectivity: biasness Currency: up-to-date Scholarly: peer reviewed, cited More info at: http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/553/03/ http://www.usg.edu/galileo/skills/unit09/ 8

9. Scholarly & Peer-Reviewed Journals Scholarly journals contain articles written by and for experts in a discipline Many scholarly journals use a peer review process before publishing an article Note: not all scholarly journals go through the peer-review process, but a peer-reviewed journal can be assumed to be scholarly. 9

10. S=scientist E=editor R=reviewer The Peer-Review Process 10

11. Create Search Statement 11

12. 1. Identify keywords/concepts that describe your research topic: Why aren’t Singaporeans having babies? Combine keywords/concepts using Boolean connectors You have a topic and want to find books and journal articles. 2.Think of synonyms, alternative terms Babies - childbearing, fertility, birth rate Singapore - Singapore 12

13. More about Keywords Keywords are distinctive words and phrases that you type into the search boxes of search engines. Choose only the most important word(s) from your topic. Phrase searching narrows your search. Databases cannot process words like article, pronouns, prepositions, etc. Omit them as sheer frequency of these words can derail search. Can also use formal vocabulary for appropriate keywords e.g. subject headings or thesaurus terms. 13

14. 3. Combine keywords/concepts using Boolean connectors AND = both terms must be present → to refine search → fewer results OR = either terms may be present → to broaden search → more results NOT = excludes a search term → use with caution ANDAND childbearing singapore O R childbearing fertility 4. Group words to be searched together with round parentheses ( ) (childbearing OR fertility OR birth rate) 5.Create a search statement searching all concepts & combining them with more than one Boolean operator: (childbearing OR fertility OR birth rate) AND Singapore 14

15. Wildcard (?) & Truncation ( * ) Used to search terms that have variant endings or spellings. E.g. Health care financing for the ageing population Search statement: health care AND financ* AND ag?ing AND population financ* will find the terms finance, financial, financially ag?ing will find the terms ageing, aging 15

16. Databases 16

17. Finding Articles: Search Databases Method 3: Search by name of database e.g. Sociological Abstracts Method 1: Browse databases by subject Note: Most databases do not provide full-text articles Method 2: Select a major database listed here 17

18. Multidisciplinary Databases Multidisciplinary Indexing database (no full text) Usually offers links to full text Good design, useful tools and easy to use Scopus 18

19. Let’s search #1: childbearing, fertility, birth rate Why aren’t Singaporeans having babies? Topic Identify Keywords #2: Singapore 19

20. Let’s search Click to add additional search boxes Enter search terms May limit search by Date, Document type, Subject Areas 20

21. Search Results View fulltext via publisher site Toggle to LINC to access source titleClick to view abstractSort results by relevance View abstract via CSA databases 21

22. Output Search Results Mark records Export selected records to EndNote Create QuickBib 22

23. Output selected Results 23 Export selected records to EndNote Alternatively, create QuickBibSelect EndNote

24. Create Bibliography (Scopus QuickBib) 24

25. Introduction to EndNote 25

26. EndNote A software that: stores and organizes citations inserts citations into a Word document format references in a predefined citation style For more info: http://libguides.nus.edu.sg/endnotehttp://libguides.nus.edu.sg/endnote Technical queries (e.g. installation): call IT Care at: 6516 2080 Email: itcare@nus.edu.sgitcare@nus.edu.sg Watch EndNote video 26

27. Citations and Bibliography Two places to cite the references you have used: within a sentence (in-text citation) at the end of the document (footnotes/bibliography/references) 27 Bibliography/Reference Herring, S. C., & J. C. Paolillo. (2006). “Gender and genre variation in weblogs”. Journal of Sociolinguistics 10 (4): 439-459. Bibliography/Reference Herring, S. C., & J. C. Paolillo. (2006). “Gender and genre variation in weblogs”. Journal of Sociolinguistics 10 (4): 439-459. In-text Citation Herring and Paolillo (2006) found that the genre of a web entry—rather than the gender of the writer—affects the style of writing. In-text Citation Herring and Paolillo (2006) found that the genre of a web entry—rather than the gender of the writer—affects the style of writing.

28. Workflow 28 1. Create an EndNote Library2. Add references to the EndNote Library3. Manage references: using groups & finding duplicates4. Insert references in MS Word (Cite While You Write)5. Change citation style and preferences

29. The EndNote Library EndNote Library contains all your references 29

30. Step 1: Create an EndNote Library a. All programs > EndNote > EndNote Program b. Select Create a new library c. Filename: sociology (*.enl) d. Save Note: no limit to number of references, but <100,000 is recommended 30 Each library has:.enl.Data Each library has:.enl.Data Hands-on

31. Step 2: Add References to EndNote Library Direct Export Direct Export Import Text File Manual Inputting EndNote Library Cite While You Write MS Word/Open Office 31 Import PDF Online Search

32. EndNote Tutorials From 1st to 4th Mar 2011. Details available at http://libguides.nus.edu.sg/content.php?pid=96551&si d=723020 32

33. Let’s search these topics… 33

34. Let’s search “Can't live with them, can't work without them”: foreign workers in 'global city' Singapore. Discuss. #1: migrant workers foreign workers #3: ? #2: singapore Identify Keywords Topic 34

35. Let’s search “Migration has been responsible for the depopulation of rural areas and for the development of giant cities.” Comment. #1: #3: ? #2: Identify Keywords Topic 35

36. Let’s search… Population aging has different health and social effects for males and females. Discuss some of these differences. #1: #3: #2: Identify Keywords Topic 36

37. Let’s search… “International migration should not be regulated by governments because it is an issue of survival.” Discuss. #1: #3: #2: Identify Keywords Topic 37

38. Let’s search… What happened to mortality rates and expectation of life at birth over the course of the demographic transition, and why? #1: #3: #2: Identify Keywords Topic 38

39. Let’s search… Because of China’s 1979 one-child policy and a cultural preference for boys, there is now a shortage of marriage-age girls. How is the Chinese government and Chinese families dealing with this? #1: #3: #2: Identify Keywords Topic 39

40. Let’s search… Discuss the statement: “High levels of social integration and social regulation reduces suicide.” #1: #3: #2: Identify Keywords Topic 40

41. More Databases… Sociological Abstracts Coverage, 1979- Culture, social structure, social differentiation, social psychology, sociology of the arts, business, education, studies in violence and power and more…… 41 Note: Search LINC for full-texts

42. Access Sociological Abstracts from Portal 42

43. Access Sociological Abstracts 43

44. Let’s search Why do you think more women and men are delaying marriage, or not marrying at all, in East Asian and Southeast Asian countries? #1: #3: ? #2: Identify Keywords Topic 44

45. Let’s search Enter search terms in boxes Boolean operators May limit search terms to specific fields e.g. keywords Limit search by date range, journal articles, etc 45

46. Search Results Sort by relevance View full record & abstractSearch for source title in LINC Mark records Output selected records 46

47. Output Selected Results 47 Select format Select specific style Save file to export to EndNote using Sociological Abstracts (CSA) filter Create QuickBib

48. Locating full-text in LINC+ Select to access e-version Select to view print volumes Let’s now output results in Sociological Abstracts 48

49. Google Scholar 49

50. What about Google Scholar? Attempts to provide a single search engine for scholarly literature. Note: Not all results come from scholarly sources Good for quick research. May offer a number of versions of the same article depending on where it was found. Search results may include links to full-text articles freely available on the Internet. Many links take you to publishers' websites where access requires a subscriber login. 50

51. Proxy Bookmarklet To access Full-text 51 Note: It works only for source titles subscribed by NUS Libraries

52. What does a Proxy Bookmarklet do? Inserts the following NUS library proxy stem into the URL of an article: libproxy1.nus.edu.sg 52 Vendor You want article X NUS Library Proxy server Your web browser contacts NUS proxy server Proxy server makes the "real" request from vendor Vendor recognises NUS proxy & responds You get article X

53. Install Library Proxy Bookmarklet to access full-text

54. Cite References 54

55. Why Cite? Provides evidence for your arguments and adds credibility to your work. To help readers find your sources & go through some of the steps you took to reach your conclusions. To show your teachers the work that you have done Helps avoid charges of plagiarism. plagiarism. 55

56. The kinds of sources you need to cite… Direct quotations from a book, article, letter, email, lecture, etc. Ideas you draw from a source but present entirely in your own words. Paraphrases and summaries of books, journal articles, pamphlets Statistics, illustrations, charts… Single words, short phrases, sentences & passages quoted from books or articles used. 56

57. ASA (American Sociological Association) Citation Style Journal Article (Single author) In text If author’s name is in the text: … in another study by Chuan (2010) Reference list Chuan, K. E. 2010. "Will Singapore's fertility rise in the near future? a cohort analysis of fertility." Asian Population Studies 6:69-82. 57

58. ASA Citation Style Journal Article (Multiple Authors) In text If authors’ names are not in the text: (Frejka, Jones, and Sardon 2010) Reference list Frejka, T., G. W. Jones, and J. P. Sardon. 2010. "East Asian childbearing patterns and policy developments." Population and Development Review 36:579-606. Retrieved December 12, 2010 (http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com.libproxy1.nu s.edu.sg/doi/10.1111/j.1728- 4457.2010.00347.x/pdf)http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com.libproxy1.nu s.edu.sg/doi/10.1111/j.1728- 4457.2010.00347.x/pdf 58

59. ASA Citation Style Book (Single Author) In text (Newbold, 2002) Reference list Newbold, KB. 2002. Six billion plus: population issues in the twenty-first century: Rowman & Littlefield Pub Inc. 59

60. ASA Citation Style Book (Edited) In text Authors cited for the first time: Jatrana, Toyota and Yeoh (2005) Authors c ited subsequently: Jatrana et al. (2005) Reference list Jatrana, S, M Toyota, and BSA Yeoh, eds. 2005. "Migration and health in Asia." New York: Routledge. 60

61. ASA Citation Style Book chapter In text(Leheny, 2006) Reference list Leheny, D. 2006. "A narrow place to cross swords: 'soft power' and the politics of Japanese popular culture in East Asia " Pp. 211-233 in Beyond Japan : the dynamics of East Asian regionalism edited by P. J. Katzenstein and T. Shiraishi. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press. 61

62. ASA Citation Style Website In text Media Development Authority (2006) Reference list Media Development Authority. 2010. “Media classification: video games.” Singapore: Media Development Authority. Retrieved August 16, 2010 (http://mda.gov.sg/Public/MediaClassific ation/Pages/VideoGames.aspx). 62

63. Search the Catalogue 63

64. Finding Full-text: Search LINC or LINC+ LINC LINC+ Search one field (title, author, keyword, call no., ISBN) and location/collection Good for known item search (e.g. journal titles) Search many fields (title, author, keyword, subject) Good for browsing & discovery 64

65. Finding Full-text: Journal Record in LINC+ Our subscription E-journal publishers/providers Latest vol, issue Click for complete listing of volumes in Bound Journals and Closed Stacks 65

66. Tips 66

67. Troubleshooting Search Results You may encounter: too many results  use AND, phrase search “ ”, more specific keywords, limit results by date, document type, etc. too few results  use OR, asterisk *, more general keywords, synonyms/related words many irrelevant results  exclude keywords that are too general no results  check spelling, use more OR & synonyms, or redefine your research topic If you need help, check with your professor or ask a librarian!ask a librarian 67

68. Let’s Recap… Use synonyms and related words Create search statement using keywords plus AND, OR, NOT, ( ), *, “ ” Select fields e.g. article title, abstract Limit/refine search by type (article, books, reviews), date, peer-reviewed, etc Sort results by relevance Quality (Relevance) vs. Quantity 68

69. More 69

70. Appropriate Use Library resources are mainly for your research and study Use them responsibly Observe copyright guidelines for photocopying and printing - 10% or 1 chapter of book - 1 article in a journal issue Avoid excessive photocopying or downloading Copyright violations may have serious consequences 70

71. Plagiarism http://www.turnitin.com/static/index.php/ 71

72. Getting Help Phone:6516-2029/30 Email:clbha@nus.edu.sg askalib@nus.edu.sgaskalib@nus.edu.sg (general queries) Walk in:information desk (CL, level 5) Others:FAQs Library Instruction ONline (LION) Subject Guide 72

73. Happy Searching! 73