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Post Pax Romana Emperors Commodus—end of Pax Romana Praetorian Guard Sale Severans Civil War Emperors Diocletian Tetrarchy: Augustus and Caesar Division.

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Presentation on theme: "Post Pax Romana Emperors Commodus—end of Pax Romana Praetorian Guard Sale Severans Civil War Emperors Diocletian Tetrarchy: Augustus and Caesar Division."— Presentation transcript:

1 Post Pax Romana Emperors Commodus—end of Pax Romana Praetorian Guard Sale Severans Civil War Emperors Diocletian Tetrarchy: Augustus and Caesar Division of the Empire Constantine Roman Fall Emperors

2 Commodus First emperor after the end of the law of succession Name of empire changed to Commodiana “was a greater curse to the Romans than any plague or crime” Blood sport fan One of the worst emperors

3 Praetorian Guard Sale Julianus outbid all others to buy the emperorship from the Praetorian Guard

4 Severans Septimius SeverusCaracallaSeverus Alexander

5 Septimius Severus Eliminated Julianus Increased army size to defend borders Allowed selected barbarians into army Devalued currency by 50% Rule #1: take care of the army and the government will take care of itself Army dominated government

6 Caracalla Eliminated father Army pay up 50% Paid bribes to barbarian chieftains not to attack borders Granted citizenship to all free males in empire-more taxes Raised taxes and devalued currency

7 Severus Alexander Murdered by legions because he wanted to bribe German chieftain rather than allow the legions to fight

8 Civil War Emperors Maximinus Gordians I, II, and III Philip the Arab Decius Valerian Gallienus Claudius Gothicus Aurelian Tacitus Florian Probus Carus Carinus

9 Health of the Empire Political/MilitaryFinancial 50 years of civil war, barbarian invasion, spreading famines, and plague 20 emperors and pretenders died of the plague or violent deaths Empire invaded from all sides: 1.East—Persians attacked Syria, Egypt, and Asia Minor 2.North—Franks and Alemanni attacked Gaul and Spain 3.South—Berbers attacked northern Africa Imperial silver coins lost more than 90 percent of their silver content Run away inflation took over money and goods markets— peak of wheat half a denarius to 100 denarius Egyptian bankers refused to handle Imperial money

10 Diocletian One man imperial rule Reformed army— mismatched commanders and units Border fortifications increased Wage and price controls Farmers forced to stay and produce food Christian persecutions Tetrarchy

11 Cause and Effect of Diocletian Reorganizing the Empire

12 Tetrarchy Empire divided into western and eastern halves Emperor “Augustus” and heir “Caesar” in east and west

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15 Constantine Father was western “Augustus” Battle at the Milvian Bridge Augustus of the west Moved capitol city to Byzantium—single emperor Converts to Christianity Council of Nicea

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17 Migration of the Huns

18 Barbarian Invasion

19 Barbarian Invasions and Location of Homeland Settlements VisigothsSpain, S. France OstrogothsItalian Peninsula VandalsNorth Africa FranksNorthern France AnglesBritain SaxonsBritain JutesBritain HunsHungary LombardsNorthern Italy SueviNorthern Spain BurgundiansSE France

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