1. Lesson 7: Knowledge-Based Supply Management Lesson 8: Supply Chain Self-Measurement Source One Management Services, LLC Presents : www.SourceOneInc.com

2. Lesson 7: Knowledge-Based Supply Management

3. Knowledge-Based Supply Management  A process driven by factors that influence the ability of supply to contribute to the long term success of the business Factors:  Knowledge about customers  Organizational strategy  The economy  Supply base  Supply is in a unique organizational position to process input from:  Internal Business Partners  The Supply base  The Customer Base

4. Contemporary Sourcing Models  Spend-Driven Sourcing  Risk-Driven Sourcing  Strategy-Driven Sourcing

5. Contemporary Sourcing Models Spend-Driven Sourcing

6. Contemporary Sourcing Models  Starts with spend analysis  What is being bought  For whom  In what quantities  Ts & Cs Spend-Driven Sourcing  Resources allocated to highest spend  Leads to wider application of the structured sourcing process to nontraditional purchases  Benefits  Energy  Travel

7. Spend-Driven Sourcing Conduct spend analysis Manage Stakeholders & Supplier Relationships Implement Strategy Source & Select Suppliers Develop Category Strategy Conduct Market Analysis Determine needs

8. Spend-Driven Sourcing Conduct spend analysis Manage Stakeholders & Supplier Relationships Implement Strategy Source & Select Suppliers Develop Category Strategy Conduct Market Analysis Determine needs Conduct Spend Analysis * Determine Needs* Conduct Market Analysis*Develop Category Strategy* Source & Select Suppliers*Implement Strategy* Manage Stakeholders & Supplier Relationships

9. Spend-Driven Sourcing  Better understanding of spend by category  Policies tailored to each category  Categories prioritized  Categories more easily defined  Target Supply Management Knowledge Base to Appropriate Spend Category

10. Spend-Driven Sourcing BASICALLY… Getting the right person to find the right thing for the right place at the right time for the right price from the right supplier with the right level of service!

11. Risk-Driven Sourcing  Sourcing begins identifying the risks to the company supply  Assess risk and institute risk mitigation strategies  Know the company mission  Understand the impact of supply strategies and programs  This puts the focus on the root causes of risk  New suppliers  Riskier supply chains (overseas)  High levels of customization

12. Risk-Driven Sourcing BottleneckStrategic NoncriticalLeverage

13. Risk-Driven Sourcing Medium-High Risk Bottleneck Unique specifications Supplier’s technology important Substitution is difficult Unpredictable usage Few sources of supply Strategic NoncriticalLeverage

14. Risk-Driven Sourcing Bottleneck Medium-High Risk Strategic Availability essential Supplier technology important Few suppliers Supplier switch difficult Substitution difficult NoncriticalLeverage

15. Risk-Driven Sourcing BottleneckStrategic Low-Medium Risk Noncritical Standard spec or commodity item Easily substituted Many sources Leverage

16. Risk-Driven Sourcing BottleneckStrategic Noncritical Low-Medium Risk Leverage Standard spec or commodity item Volume price breaks (price is key) Substitution possible Several sources

17. It is important to know what approach best fits your company!

18. Risk-Driven vs. Spend-Driven Risk-Driven vs. Spend-Driven Brand XBrand Y Spend 1.Aluminum$14.7m 2.Copper wire$8.3m 3.Plastic molding$7.6m 4.Microchips$7.3m 5.Speakers$5.7m 11. Light sensors$1.3m

19. Strategy-Driven Sourcing  Start with A company-wide Strategic Plan incorporating input from all the relevant stakeholders  Resources are allocated to purchases that have the greatest potential impact  Maximize opportunities  Minimize risk  Is a purchase strategic or operational?  Operational has little effect on final customers  Strategic impacts final customers or has significant impact on company’s bottom line. Apply a strategy to fit the purchase

20. Evaluating & Selecting Suppliers  Too few suppliers often leads to sub-par results  Properly specifying the requirement is essential  Two step process  Identify suppliers that could be considered  Narrow the list to perform a better analysis

21. First-Cut Strategic Considerations  Develop criteria for finding sources  Classify purchases according to strategy  Immediate considerations:  Incumbent performance  Single source vs. multiple suppliers  Vendor size/capabilities  Location  Supplier relationship desired  Contract length  Type of supplier  External considerations  Financial viability

22. Narrowing the Field  Quality assurance  Operational capability  Logistics and distribution  Service  Finances  Organization/Management  Labor issues  Legal issues Evaluate a Supplier’s Ability to Perform

23. Narrowing the Field Analyzing Supplier Performance A formalized performance measurement program increases discipline and consistency

24. Narrowing the Field Analyzing Supplier Performance Characteristics of a Successful program: Key Performance Indicators  Designed Metrics to distinguish suppliers  Aligned with organizational strategy  Clearly defined and prioritized  Encourage desired behaviors Price Cost and Metrics  Different ways to measure  Overemphasis may miss bigger financial picture  Full cost analysis leads to more robust understanding

25. Narrowing the Field Analyzing Supplier Performance Characteristics of a Successful program: Delivery  Freight Costs  Improper delivery  inventory Price Cost and Metrics  Different ways to measure  Overemphasis may miss bigger financial picture  Full cost analysis leads to more robust understanding Quality  Does it meet specifications?  Value of exceeding specs?  Cost of underperformance? Service  Problem Resolution  Support availability  Clearly defined prior to Quote  Objective scoring

26. Narrowing the Field Analyzing Supplier Performance Supplier Performance Rating Methods: Categorical Method  keep a records of all suppliers and their products and services  Establish a list of factors to grade  Periodic evaluation Weighted-Point Method  Each factor assigned a weighted value  Each factor graded  Our approach for AmeriGas Cost-Ratio Method  Identifies all costs to the value of each shipment  The lower the ratio, the higher the rating

27. Market Intelligence “ Sustainable intelligence is required to successfully and continually turn information and data into usable and actionable knowledge” Three key areas: 1.Identification of supply opportunities 2.Prediction of future trends 3.Identification of lower cost alternatives to meet requirements

28. Chapter 8: Supply Chain Self-Measurement

29. Supply Chain Self-Measurement Supply Chain Self-Measurement The fall of communism Market driven economies in Southeast Asia End of African Colonialism innovation Technology Robust Global Economy The world was both stable and experiencing unprecedented growth Terrorism War Rising Gas Prices Global Uncertainty The World is now at Risk

30. Supply Chain Self-Measurement Supply Chain Self-Measurement The World is now at RiskSupply Management is NOT exempt Globalization requires supply professionals to manage risk better

31. Avoid Disruptions to supply! Pre-qualify sources of supply Have measurement protocols in place Understand potential risk Formalize expectations “Supply Professionals no longer have the luxury of not knowing what best practices are and how their operations (and Supply chains) compare to those practices.”

32. Globalization requires supply professionals to manage risk better “Supply Professionals no longer have the luxury of not knowing what best practices are and how their operations (and Supply chains) compare to those practices.” Know Your Role! Know Your Place! Know Your Plan!

33. Know Your Role! Know Your Place! Know Your Plan! OperationalCritical TransactionalCommodity Differentiate between the levels of value and risk to identify operational importance and to manage risk

34. Scope of measurement and evaluation process  Collaborative Process  Interdisciplinary (external & Internal)  Involve all stakeholders  Supply must orchestrate requirements and expectations It is, therefore, now necessary to assess both supplier performance and also measure how well supply manages the supply chain No longer is supply just going through a buyer or purchasing department There are now multiple points of contact across multiple levels of the company

35. Scope of measurement and evaluation process Supply Profiles Supply management should set standards for qualitative and quantitative criteria to evaluate form fit functionality The supply professional must understand:  Concept of supply management  How measurements are applied  Elements and implications of measurement  How this will improve profits, efficiency, and progress  When incentive-based performance measurements are appropriate  Impact of supply management on development and long-term relationships

36. Supply Profiles The emphasis of Supply measurement is the development of supplier assessment and evaluation profiles that quantitatively and qualitatively measure capabilities and performance Key questions when developing a profile: 1.Organizational structure –where do functions and process reside 2.Information systems and operating protocols 3.Locations, physical assets, location capabilities 4.Supply chains to supply chains…looking further down the line 5.Financial stability of the supplier/protections in place 6.Management team

37. Supply Profiles This profile will show how the supply chain manages… Order Management Inventory Finances Social Responsibility Logistics Quality Commitment Supply Commitment Customer Service Cost Competitiveness Cash Flow Research & Development Personnel Development Compliance Project Management

38. Supplier data baseline profile  Evolving and ongoing process  Self-assessment of capabilities and attributes  Comparative analysis in order to rank  Create benchmarks  Competitive analysis for future RFP  Identify new opportunities good better worse  Research what the experts and industry leaders think  Then do your own

39. Key supplier performance matrices  Deliver requested materials or services on time  Delivery performance measurements  Cost-effective materials and services  Inventory accuracy Supply chain performance against changing stakeholder requirements  Two basic tenants  Quantitative performance  Qualitative performance  Supply’s responsibility to formalize measurement process  Weekly surveys  Actual performance  Current concerns to specific situation  Open-ended questionaire

40. Cycle time reductions in processes and resources  Reduction in process cycle times exposes process problems  Improves resource management  Reduces overall costs  Is a Critical success factor  Lowering inventories  Improving customer service  Improving quality  More efficient

41. So what’s it all mean? Supply chain self measurement Allows the supply management team to ensure that the supply initiatives it has instituted are successful by creating a means to objectively measure performance Knowledge-Based Supply Management A process of using the skills and information available to the supply team to best tailor a supply initiative to the specific supply opportunity.

42. Part Two: Going To Market With Today’s Crucial Imperatives Resources: The Supply Chain Management Handbook – 7 th Edition