1. Heart Monitor Application for Android Craig Santangelo Advisor: Professor Hedrick

2. Background Information According to the American Heart Association, each year: 785,000 Americans will have a new coronary attack 470,000 will have a recurrent attack 195,000 silent myocardial infarctions Every 25 seconds someone will have a coronary event Every 60 seconds someone will die of one

3. Background Information Quick response time is crucial to surviving a heart attack because: Cardiac arrest normally occurs within the first 2 hours of the heart attack If victim is not treated within the first 2 hours, permanent heart damage can occur Also, many infarctions can occur without the victim knowing

4. General System Block Diagram Heart sensors (electrodes) Signal Conditioning A/D Converter Signal Processing Android Application

5. Specifications Comfortable enough for around-the-house use Quality signal and heart attack detection Minimize error Low noise Sample rate high enough Efficient algorithm Signal processing time frame

6. Heart sensors Kendall Q-Trace 5400 Resting ECG Electrode Silver/Silver Chloride (Ag/AgCl) sensing system Pre-equipped with conductive adhesive hydrogel Low impedance for a clearer signal

7. Project Break Down: 2 parts 1. Analog Circuit Developing, constructing, and testing the following: Instrumentation Amplifier Input Driver Optocoupler Output Driver High Pass Filter Low Pass Filter Output gain stage 2. Algorithm Research how a heart attack affects an ECG waveform Develop an algorithm to detect the occurrence of a heart attack Translate the algorithm into MATLAB code for testing

8. Analog Circuit: Block Diagram Electrodes Instrumentation Amplifier Input Driver Opto- coupler Output Driver Filters Output Gain Stage 9 V BatteryPower Supply (9 V)

9. Analog Circuit: Main Components Instrumentation Amp AD620 chip Gain = 11 V/V Output Gain Stage LM248 quad op-amp chip Non-inverting amp Gain = 100 V/V High Pass Filter LM248 quad op-amp chip Cutoff frequency: 0.05 Hz Low Pass Filter LM248 quad op-amp chip Cutoff frequency: 160 Hz

11. A/D Converter Vernier Sensor DAQ USB data acquisition Can sample up to 48 kHz 13 bits single-ended

12. Common Heart Signal Typical time spans: PR interval: 120-200 ms PR segment: 50-120 ms QRS complex: 80-120 ms ST segment: 80-120 ms QT interval: 300-430 ms

13. Sample rate: 1000 Hz

14. Heart Attack Algorithm: ST Elevation Most common and most damaging form of a heart attack Requires immediate treatment

15. Heart Attack Algorithm Necessities 1.Establish a baseline (average of all samples in the PQRST waveform) 2.Detect QRS peak 3.Make sure the signal returns to the baseline directly after the peak within approximately 100 ms (width of ST segment) 4.If signal does not return to the baseline within 100 ms of QRS complex, alert the victim and dial 911

16. Testing MCI Patient Simulator Physionet.org MATLAB

17. Possible Problems Muscle activity Extra common mode noise Solution: Better amplifiers with higher CMRR Use of Right Leg Driver Power-line noise Solution: notch filter at 60 Hz

18. Special Thanks Professor Takashi Buma Professor Hedrick EE Department

19. Sources Kuangwei Hwang, Diane Limsui, Lianhan Zhao, “Wireless Heart Detector with GPS”, Fall 2004, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. T. Buma, class notes for ECE 386, Department of Electrical Engineering, Union College, Winter 2012 ABC News, “What does an EKG show during a heart attack?” http://abcnews.go.com/Health/HeartDiseaseScreening/story?id=4223255#.T0MFe CNWq3w http://abcnews.go.com/Health/HeartDiseaseScreening/story?id=4223255#.T0MFe CNWq3w MedicineNet.com, “Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG)” http://www.medicinenet.com/electrocardiogram_ecg_or_ekg/article.htm http://www.medicinenet.com/electrocardiogram_ecg_or_ekg/article.htm R. Spengler, “How does my doctor interpret my EKG,” 2002, http://yalenewhavenhealth.org/library/healthguide/en- us/support/topic.asp?hwid=tu6258abc.html http://yalenewhavenhealth.org/library/healthguide/en- us/support/topic.asp?hwid=tu6258abc.html Vernier.com, “SensorDAQ”, http://www.vernier.com/products/interfaces/sdaq/http://www.vernier.com/products/interfaces/sdaq/ Helen Kim, Choon Yik Lee, “Walking Stick with Heart Attack Detection”, Spring 2005, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.

20. Questions?