1. WASTES TRANSFER AND TRANSPORT

2.  Facilities and appurtenances used to effect the transfer of waste from the one location to other, usually more distance, location.

3.  A waste transfer station is a light industrial- type facility where trash collection trucks discharge their loads so trash can be compacted and then reloaded into larger vehicles for shipment to a final disposal site, typically a landfill or waste-to-energy facility.

4.  The transfer of wastes from one location to another – more distant location  Contents small collection vehicles are transferred to large vehicles to transport the waste over extended distances  Transfer and transport operation also used in conjunction with MRFs to transport recover material to markets/residue material and waste-to-energy facilities.

5.  Transfer and transport operations become necessity when haul distance to available disposal sites increase.  Also become necessity when disposal sites cannot be reach directly by highway (sites in remote control).  Transfer station is  Transfer station is integral part of all types of MRFs and MR/TFs  The time require for transportation is the key factor especially in the traffic congested city.

6.  Located between the disposal site & the centre of the city  The functions are volume reduction & sorting of waste for recycling  Additional factor that tend to make the use of transfer station includes:  The occurrence of illegal dumping due to excessive haul distances

7.  The use of small-capacity collection vehicles  The existence of low-density residential service area

8.  Reduces overall community truck traffic by  Offers more flexibility in waste handling and disposal options.  Reduces air pollution, fuel consumption, and road wear  Allows for screening of waste  Reduces traffic at the disposal facility.  Offers citizens facilities for convenient drop- off of waste and recyclables.

10.  Classified into three type  Direct load  Storage load  combined direct load and storage load Types of transfer station

11. Direct load SSmall capacity WWastes discharge directly into the open- top trailer to be use to transport to compaction facilities. llarge capacity TThe wastes in collection emptied directly into transport vehicle, or TThe wastes in the collection vehicles are emptied temporarily onto unloading platform

12.  The wastes are then push into the transport trailers.  The new technology of direct-load transfer station, replace the use of open- top transfer vehicle with the compaction facilities.  The compaction facilities can be use to compact wastes into the transfer trailers.

14. Storage load  Wastes are emptied directly into a storage pit then they are loaded into transport vehicles  Various types of auxiliary equipment are used to load the wastes into the transport vehicles.  The different between direct-load and storage- load is the capacity to store wastes.

18. Combined direct load and storage load  Multipurpose facilities that service a broader range of users  It can be a materials recovery operation

20. Receiving process of solid waste trucks

21. Delivery process

33.  As near as possible to the collection area.  easy access to highway  minimal public and environmental risk/objection  economical aspects  capacity of collection vehicle  storage space require  time require to unload the collection trucks

34.  number of trucks that will use facilities  transfer trailer capacity  operation hours  type of waste processes

35.  Site suitability depends on numerous :  Technical  Environmental  Economic  Social, and  Political  Large enough …….

36.  Natural buffer zone  Public concern … particularly from people living surrounding  Environmental justice consideration

37.  Collection  Compactors  commonly use for door to door collection  Equipped with compacter facilities  capacity 12m 3  Use for the compactable waste

38.  Roll on roll off (RORO)  Top-open truck used for commercial and residential areas  For bulky and uncompactable wastes  Side loader  Without compactor  Manually door to door collection

39.  Open trucks  Used for transporting bulky & uncompactable wastes.  Used for door to door collection  Not recommended for garbage and refuse  Hand carts  Commonly use by the street sweepers

40.  Traffic, noise, dust and odor may exist around waste transfer stations.  Other problems that can result from an improperly designed or operated facility, include:  Rodents and birds.  Litter.  Air emissions.

41.  Environmental issue:  Traffic  Litter  Safety issue

42. THANK YOU