1. WHAT IS SCIENCE?
An organized way of gathering and analyzing evidence about the natural world.

2. WHAT IS SCIENCE? Science is a way of observing “ “ a way of thinking
“ “ a way of knowing

3. WHAT IS SCIENCE? Science only deals with the Natural World.
Never concern the supernatural phenomena of any kind

4. WHAT IS SCIENCE?
Scientist collect and organize information in an orderly way
Looking for patterns and connections among events

5. WHAT IS SCIENCE?
Scientist propose explanations that are based on evidence.
Then test those explanations with more evidence

6. The Process of Science
Science is the quest to understand nature.

7. Biology
The Study of Life

8. Biology… Explores life from the global to the microscopic.
This is an enormous amount of information!

9. Experimental Design

10. Problem Statement
The question you are trying to solve. he primary purpose of a problem statement is to focus the attention of the problem solving team.

11. Forming and Testing a Hypothesis
Hypothesis – a suggested answer to a well-defined scientific question.
An explanation on trial
Are usually concerned with natural phenomena
Often based on past experience of knowledge gained from discoveries or other sources

12. An Educated Guess
People normally use hypothesis to solve everyday problems.
After you propose a hypothesis – you test these ideas by making additional observations or designing an experiment.

13. Hypothesis – If…. Then…..
Additional observations allows you to make predictions
These predictions are tested.
A Hypothesis is written as an If… Then… Statement.
If a particular hypothesis is correct, and you test that hypothesis with a suitable experiment, then you should expect a certain result for the experiment.

14. Hypothesis An incorrect hypothesis does not mean failure
Just wrong
The inquiry continues with test of alternative hypothesis.
Even when an experiment supports a hypothesis curiosity can send you in a new direction.

15. What makes a Hypothesis Scientific?
Even if a hypothesis that stand-up to repeated testing may later be revised or even rejected.
A change can occur when new tools make new kinds of observations and experiments are possible.
The magnet core of the LHC (Large Hadron Collider) particle accelerator in Geneva. Site of the discovery of the God particle

16. Observations & Data
The questions that drive scientific inquiry are based on observation.
Observation – the use of senses; such as
vision/hearing; to gather and
record information about structures
or process.
Data - recorded observation; items of information
All observations depend on human senses.
Scientific instruments vastly increase the range of possible observation

17. Data Quantitative Data – Recordable observations
Metric System
Qualitative Data – data recorded as
description instead of
measurements
Data can best support science when they are clearly organized, consistently recorded, and reliable. ie. Use tables

18. Designing a Controlled Experiment
Variable – A condition that can differ within the
experiment
Controlled Experiment – An experiment that test
the effect of a single
variable
In a controlled experiment scientist try to eliminate (or control) other variables that could affect the outcome

19. Variables
Variables could include temperature, humidity (if outside), light, and other weather conditions
Even in a lab total regulation of all but one variable is not practical.

20. Eliminating Unwanted Variables
A Control Group Equals Cancelled out
Experimental Group

21. Theory
A well tested explanation that makes sense of a great variety of scientific observations
Compared to hypothesis, a theory is much broader in scope.

22. Models
Are physical, mental, or mathematical representations of how people understand a process or an idea.

23. Communication in Science
Many scientist work in teams and are good communicators
They share information:

24. The Characteristics of Living Things
Living Things Reproduce
All organisms reproduce.
They produce new similar organisms
Sexual Reproduction – Cells from two parents unite to form the first cell of a new organism
Asexual Reproduction – a single organism produces offspring identical to itself.

25. The Characteristics of Living Things
Interaction with the Environment
We are not isolated from our environment, No One Is!
All organisms in an environment interacts continuously with its environment.
Stimulus – a signal to which organism
responds

26. The Characteristics of Living Things
Energy
Moving, growing, reproducing, and other activities of life require organisms to perform work.
Work depends on a source of energy
We obtain energy in the chemical form, sugar, fats, etc.
Metabolism – the combination of chemical reactions through which an organism builds up or breaks down materials

27. The Characteristics of Living Things
Living Things are Made of Cells
Organisms are composed of one or more cells
The smallest units considered fully alive.
Cells can grow
Respond to the environment
Despite their small size they are highly organized
Phytoplankton – primary producer in the oceans and provides the majority of oxygen production on Earth

28. The Characteristics of Living Things
Regulation
Organisms have the ability to regulate their internal conditions
Sweating on a warm day
Dogs panting to cool off
Homeostasis – internal stability or “steady state” maintained by the body
Mechanisms of homeostasis enables organisms to regulate internal environment, despite changes in their external environment.

29. The Characteristics of Living Things
Adaptation and Evolution
Taken as a group living things evolve.
Over generations, groups of organisms evolve, or change over time

30. The Characteristics of Living Things
Living things Grow and Develop
During development a single egg divides again and again
As cells divide they differentiate
They begin to look different
They perform different functions

31. The Characteristics of Living Things
Living Things are Based on a Universal Code
All organisms store the information they need to live, grow, and reproduce in a genetic code written on a molecule called DNA.
This information is passed from parent to offspring

32. 10 Big Ideas Information and Heredity Matter and Energy
Genetic code and DNA
Matter and Energy
Life requires nutrients
Creates a web of interdependent relationships between living things

33. 10 Big Ideas Growth, Development, and Reproduction Homeostasis
All living things grow
Generalized cells become specialized
Babies become adults
Homeostasis
Stable environment

34. 10 Big Ideas Cellular Basis of Life Evolution
All living things are made of cells
The human body has more than 200 different types of cells
Evolution
Living things evolve as a group

35. 10 Big Ideas Structure and Function Unity and Diversity of Life
Structures that make a function possible
Wings on a bird
Unity and Diversity of Life
Life variety of life and life forms
All are the same at the molecular level
All made of carbon based molecules
Store information in DNA
Use proteins

36. 10 Big Ideas Interdependence in Nature Science as a way of Knowing
All forms of life on Earth are connected into a Biosphere
Relationships depend on the cycling of matter and the flow of energy
Science as a way of Knowing
Science is not a list of facts
Explains the natural world in terms of natural forces
Explains and predicts