1. Formulation of a National EST Strategy for the Philippines Regional Consultation Seminar Iloilo City – May 15, 2009 Davao City – May 22, 2009 Baguio City – June 11, 2009 Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) Supported by:

2. Formulation of a National EST Strategy for the Philippines BRT as Option –What it is –Impacts –International Experience BRT – Current efforts in the Philippines BRT – Making Things Happen…. Outline

3. Formulation of a National EST Strategy for the Philippines Traffic Congestion Environment Energy Road Safety P105B (2.6% of GDP) Public Transport Urban transport problems Huge investments and long implementations times for rail- based systems BRT as alternative mass transit system

4. Formulation of a National EST Strategy for the Philippines What is BRT? BRT is Bus Rapid Transit Picture LRT/MRT but instead of train coaches you have buses; pavement, instead of rail tracks TransMilenio Ecovia Line MRT3 LRT1 LRT/MRT systems LRT1 along Taft & Avenida MRT3 along EDSA BRT systems Ecovia line in Quito TransMilenio in Bogota

5. Formulation of a National EST Strategy for the Philippines Lloyd Wright BRT is a surface metro system that can be delivered at a fraction of the cost of rail. Segregated, median busways with median stations Pre-board fare collection and fareverification Free transfers between corridors Competitively bid concessions High frequency service and low station dwell times Clean bus technologies Modal integration What is BRT? Some Features

6. Formulation of a National EST Strategy for the Philippines The economics of mass transit 426 kilometers of BRT! 14 kilometers of elevated rail Source: Lloyd Wright How much transit does Php 45 billion (US$ 1 billion) buy? 7 kilometers of subway/ metro

7. Formulation of a National EST Strategy for the Philippines The economics of mass transit Comparing BRT to rail BRT US$ 0.5 – 15 million/km Trams US$ 10 – 25 million/km Light rail US$ 15 – 40 million/km Urban rail US$ 25 – 60 million/km Elevated rail US$ 50 - 100 million/km Metro US$ 50 million – 320 million/km Manfred Breithaupt Lloyd Wright

8. Formulation of a National EST Strategy for the Philippines Construction time Bus Rapid Transit < 18 months Metros > 5 years Lloyd Wright

9. Formulation of a National EST Strategy for the Philippines Cross-Section Colorized Lanes Source: BRT Planning Guide Elements of BRT System The Busway

10. Formulation of a National EST Strategy for the Philippines Road space requirements BRT can be implemented even amongst severe road space limitations In Quito, BRT has been with as little as 3.0 meters of road width Lloyd Wright Quito, EcuadorRouen, France Source: Lloyd Wright

11. Formulation of a National EST Strategy for the Philippines At-grade crossing Source: BRT Planning Guide Grade-separated crossing Pedestrians/Commuters’ Access

12. Formulation of a National EST Strategy for the Philippines Grade-separated crossing

13. Formulation of a National EST Strategy for the Philippines Source: BRT Planning Guide Closed Type Station Design

14. Formulation of a National EST Strategy for the Philippines BRT Vehicles Articulated Bus From: Wright, L. (2004) BRT Planning Guide Bi-Articulated Bus From: Wright, L. (2004) BRT Planning Guide Articulated bus: Capacity:120-170 passengers Length:18 meters Bi-Articulated bus: Capacity:240-270 passengers Length:24 meters Comparable to LRT’s capacity

15. Formulation of a National EST Strategy for the Philippines BRT Vehicle Technology Specification Bus Floor Level and Docking System lesser boarding time and lesser safety risks for passengers ease in entry of bicycles and persons in wheelchairs Flip-down Ramps/Boarding Bridges Quito BRT From: Wright, L. (2004) BRT Planning Guide

16. Formulation of a National EST Strategy for the Philippines Provision for loading of bicycles onto BRT buses extends bicycle trip Bike-on-transit scheme

17. Formulation of a National EST Strategy for the Philippines Bogotá, Colombia before & after Bogotá’s traffic congestion. Guerra del Centimo!!! Congestion Reduction

18. Formulation of a National EST Strategy for the Philippines Social Impacts Physically disabled persons, who previously could not leave their own neighborhood, can now travel in the city.

19. Formulation of a National EST Strategy for the Philippines Economic Impacts No loss of employment for existing operators (Bogota experience) Earnings based on vehicle kilometers travelled rather than number of passengers Before: Drivers worked 16 hours per day under difficult conditions After: Drivers work 6 hours per day under greatly improved conditions and earn more Lloyd Wright Source: Lloyd Wright

20. Formulation of a National EST Strategy for the Philippines Employment (Bogota) Areas of direct employment Planning Construction Vehicle fabrication ITS technology Drivers Fare collection Administration Security Lloyd Wright

21. Formulation of a National EST Strategy for the Philippines World examples 1.Latin America 2.North America 3.Australia 4.Europe 5.Asia Lloyd Wright

22. Formulation of a National EST Strategy for the Philippines Curitiba, Brazil Started in 1974 Serves five major corridors 1.9 million passenger trips per day 58 km of express busways, 270 km of feeder routes 270 passenger bi- articulated buses Source: Lloyd Wright

23. Formulation of a National EST Strategy for the Philippines Quito, Ecuador Currently:2 lines, 25 km 2005:4 lines, 48 km 2006:5 lines, 98 km Infrastructure costs: US$ 2 million / km Lloyd Wright Source: Lloyd Wright

24. Formulation of a National EST Strategy for the Philippines Bogota, Colombia By 2015, TransMilenio will serve 5 million passengers per day over 388 kilometers of busways. New surface metro system called “TransMilenio” TransMilenio SA Source: Lloyd Wright

25. Formulation of a National EST Strategy for the Philippines National US BRT Programme Las Vegas Demonstration Projects: Boston, MA - Silver Line Charlotte, NC - Southeast Corridor Cleveland, OH - Euclid Corridor Eugene, OR - Pilot East- West Corridor Hartford, CT - Hartford- New Britain Busway Honolulu, HI - CityExpress! Los Angeles, CA - Metro Rapid Miami, FL - South Miami-Dade Busway Northern VA - Dulles Corridor San Juan, PR - Río Hondo Connector Santa Clara, CA - Line 22 Rapid Transit Corridor Participating Projects: Alameda and Contra Costa, CA - San Pablo and Telegraph/ International/East 14th Corridors Albany, NY - Best Bus Program Chicago, IL - Neighborhood Express Bus Routes Las Vegas, NV – Civis Bus Service Louisville, KY - Transportation Tomorrow Montgomery County, MD - Veirs Mill Road Bus Priority Project Pittsburgh, PA - West Busway Source: Lloyd Wright

26. Formulation of a National EST Strategy for the Philippines Australia BrisbaneAdelaide City of Brisbane Source: Lloyd Wright

27. Formulation of a National EST Strategy for the Philippines England Leeds Bradford Source: Lloyd Wright

28. Formulation of a National EST Strategy for the Philippines Jakarta, Indonesia Initial corridor of 12.9 km completed in January 2004 2 nd corridor completed 3 rd corridor under construction ITDP Source: Lloyd Wright

29. Formulation of a National EST Strategy for the Philippines Source: Lloyd Wright Seoul, Korea BRT system Increased average speeds for BOTH cars and buses –From 10 km/h to over 20 km/h Increased capacity of corridor –1 BRT lane = 6 car lanes Increased number of public transport users for BOTH buses and rail – 9.9% increase for buses – 12.6% increase for subway Reduced accidents on corridor –26.9% decrease in accidents

30. Formulation of a National EST Strategy for the Philippines Bus Rapid Transit in Asia Akita, Japan Ankara, Turkey Beijing, China Fukuoka, Japan Gifu, Japan Jakarta, Indonesia Kanazuwa, Japan Kunming, China Miyazaki, Japan Nagaoka, Japan Nagoya, Japan Nigata, Japan Seoul, South Korea Shijiazhuang, China Taipei,China Systems in operation (15): Systems in planning or under construction (21): Ahmedabad, India Bangalore, India Bangkok, Thailand Chengdu, China Chongqing, China Delhi, India Guangzhou, China Hangzhou, China Huai’an, China Hyderabad, India Jinan, China Pune, India Shanghai, China Shengyan, China Surabaya, Indonesia T’aichung, China T’ainan, China Tienjing, China Wuhan, China Xi’an, China Xiamen, China

31. Formulation of a National EST Strategy for the Philippines Pre-FS for Metro Manila completed with funding from USAID/ECAP FS soon to start with funding from WB Possibilities in other Philippine cities –Potential funding for studies –Possible funding for project implementation Current Efforts in the Philippines Cebu, Makati, Taguig, Davao?

32. Formulation of a National EST Strategy for the Philippines 1) C5 (SLEX - Commonwealth Ave.): 21km. - assessed to have a very high potential for growth or development; least resistance from various stakeholders Current efforts in the Philippines - BRT Pre FS 2) EDSA-Binangonan: 24km. - selected for its potential to demonstrate the importance of BRT in servicing both urban and suburban areas. The Pilot Routes:

33. Formulation of a National EST Strategy for the Philippines ItemCost (in million pesos) Busway Construction380.06 Busway coloration172.80 Landscaping0.22 Station Construction265.38 Station Air-conditioning23.02 Automatic sliding doors at boarding interface15.40 Fare collection equipment (Magnetic strip)198.00 Recycling receptacles at stations0.96 Station security13.20 Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS)27.98 Pedestrian access456.00 Bicycle integration6.60 Bus Technology (Clean Diesel)680.00 Boarding bridge between bus and station9.24 Feeder System19.25 Terminals and depots509.85 Intermediate transfer stations115.50 SUB-TOTAL3034.36 Contingency (10%)303.44 TOTAL PROJECT COSTPHP 3337.6 Cost per kilometer139.07 Or US$ 2.90M EDSA-Binangonan Pilot Corridor Costing Economic Parameters: B/C: 4.18 EIRR: 42.23%

34. Formulation of a National EST Strategy for the Philippines ItemCost (in million pesos) Busway Construction72.24 Busway colouration151.2 Landscaping0.22 Station Construction235.13 Station Air-conditioning20.14 Automatic sliding doors at boarding interface13.2 Fare collection equipment (Magnetic strip)173.25 Recycling receptacles at stations0.84 Station security11.55 Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS)15.11 Pedestrian access354 Bicycle integration5.78 Bus Technology (Clean Diesel)680 Boarding bridge between bus and station8.09 Feeder System16.5 Terminals and depots504.9 Intermediate transfer stations66 SUB-TOTAL2,469.04 Contingency (10%)246.9 TOTAL PROJECT COSTPHP 2,715.90 Cost per kilometer129.33 Or US$ 2.69M C-5 (SLEX-Commonwealth) Pilot Corridor Costing Economic Parameters: B/C:3.93 EIRR:47.68%

35. Formulation of a National EST Strategy for the Philippines Metro Cebu BRT Plans

36. Formulation of a National EST Strategy for the Philippines In a nutshell: BRT infrastructure costs are a fraction of the costs of a light-rail-based transit BRT offers the possibility to integrate current operators and staff in operations of new system BRT buses can support DOE CNG program Make use of funding mechanisms like GEF and others to support studies, design and implementation B…R…T… Better Rapid Transit

37. Formulation of a National EST Strategy for the Philippines Does your city need a BRT system? What are the challenges in the implementation of BRT?

38. Formulation of a National EST Strategy for the Philippines Thank you! We do not inherit the earth from our ancestors, we borrow it from our children. ~Native American Proverb