1. Vascular Plant Transport

2. Root and Leaf are friends
Plant Transport
Root need sugar
Leaf make sugar
Leaf need water
Root have water
Water go up
Sugar go down
Root and Leaf share
Root and Leaf are friends

4. Transpiration

5. Transpiration: water transport
The controlled release of water from a plant through stomata on the leaves resulting in movement of water from roots to leaves
Water evaporates from spongy mesophyll
Creates low water pressure in leaves
Roots absorb water by osmosis
Creates high water pressure in roots
Water moves from high to low pressure
From root to leaf

6. Xylem Transport Water moves by a variety of forces Cohesion: Adhesion:
H-bonding to other water
Adhesion:
H-bonding to walls of xylem
Capillary Action:
Passive movement of water up through a narrow tube against gravity
Transpiration pull:
suction pressure from leaves

8. Factors Affecting Rate of Transpiration
Sunny – increased light intensity
Stomata open in presence of sunlight
Warm – high temperature
Increased evaporation
Dry – low humidity
Increase water vapor conc. gradient
Windy
Removes established humid locations around stoma

9. Regulation of Transpiration
Guard Cells surrounding the stoma swell or shrink in response to the plants water needs.
Up to 90% of water loss is through stoma
Amount of water loss depends on density of stoma and their relative size.

10. Stoma close when guard cells lose water
Flaccid state: K+ ions are transported out of the cell, water follows by osmosis
Turgor state: K+ ions are transported into guard cells, water follows by osmosis

12. Abscisic Acid
Plant hormone produced by root in response to water deficiency
Stimulates guard cells into flaccid state, stoma closed

13. Xerophyte Adaptations
Metabolic machinery can withstand increased temperature
Low stoma densities
Small, thick leaves (spines)
Reduces surface area to volume ratio
Thicker cuticles
CAM physiology
C02 absorbed at night, not day

14. Explain the process of water transport in vascular plants from root to leaf.
Include tissues water moves through
Forces that influence water movement
Need for water movement

15. Phloem Transport Phloem is composed of living sieve tubes
Sugars produced in leaves are actively pumped into sieve tubes
Water follows by osmosis
Results in high pressure in phloem
Sugars exit phloem in roots and branch tips
Results in low pressure in phloem
Phloem solution moves from high pressure area to low
From leaf to root, root to leaf
Translocation is the movement of a biochemical in phloem

17. Phloem Transport