1. Kidney Stones
Friend or Foe????
By: Shayna DuPree

2. What you need to know The kidneys are trash collectors
The wastes in your blood come from the normal breakdown of active muscle and from the food you eat.
After your body has taken what it needs from the food, wastes are sent to the blood. If your kidneys did not remove these wastes, they would build up in the blood and damage your body.
Your kidneys process about 200 quarts of blood to filter out about 2 quarts of waste products and extra water.
This extra waste becomes urine.
The urine gets to your bladder by passing thru ureters.
And if all goes wrong..

3. Kidney Stones are tied to the Urinary system
Def: A kidney stone is a solid piece of material that forms when the waste combines into little balls..or the size of a golfball.
A stone may stay in the kidney or break loose and travel down the urinary tract.
A small stone may pass all the way out of the body without causing too much pain.
A larger stone may get stuck in a ureter, the bladder, or the urethra.
A problem stone can block the flow of urine and cause great pain.

4. Informative Pictures Jagged and yellow Small and smooth
                              
                                   
                               
Informative Pictures
Jagged and yellow
Small and smooth
Golf Ball sized and brown..
Imagine its brown. ;]

5. Signs and Symptoms Pain in the side and back, below the ribs
Changes in pain intensity, with periods of pain lasting 20 to 60 minutes
Pain waves radiating from the side and back to the lower abdomen and groin
Bloody, cloudy or foul-smelling urine
Pain on urination
Nausea and vomiting
Persistent urge to urinate
Fever and chills if an infection is present

6. Types of kidney stones
The most common type of stone contains calcium. Calcium that is not used by the bones and muscles goes to the kidneys. The calcium that stays behind joins with other waste products to form a stone.
A struvite stone may form after an infection in the urinary system. These stones contain the mineral magnesium and the waste product ammonia.
A uric acid stone may form when the urine contains too much acid. Can occur from eating too much meat.
Cystine stones are rare. Cystine is one of the building blocks that make up muscles, nerves, and other parts of the body. Cystine can build up in the urine to form a stone. Studies show that it can be genetic.

7. Ways to get rid of kidney stones..
Shock Waves
Doctors use a machine to send shock waves directly at the kidney stone which will break it down into smaller stones which can pass easier.
Or…

9. Ways to get rid of kidney stones..
Tunnel Surgery
The doctor makes a small cut into the patient’s back and makes a narrow tunnel through the skin to the stone inside the kidney. With a special instrument that goes through the tunnel, the doctor can find the stone and remove it.
Or…

11. Ways to get rid of kidney stones
Ureteroscope
A ureteroscope looks like a long wire. The doctor inserts it into the patient’s urethra, passes it up through the bladder, and directs it to the ureter where the stone is located. The ureteroscope has a camera that allows the doctor to see the stone. A cage is used to catch the stone and pull it out, or the doctor may destroy it with a device inserted through the ureteroscope.

12. If left untreated…
Some people pass only one stone in their life. If many stones form and if blockage to the ureters is frequent enough, there is a risk of developing kidney failure.

13. Urinary System
Def: The organs, tubes, muscles, and nerves that work together to create, store, and carry urine.
two kidneys
two ureters
the bladder
two sphincter muscles
urethra

14. Ectopic Pregnancy
By: Shayna DuPree

16. This is tied to the Reproductive System.
What is it?
This is tied to the Reproductive System.
Def: The fertilized egg attaches to an area outside of the uterus, rather than in the uterus.
What causes it?
A fertilized egg's inability to work its way quickly enough down the fallopian tube into the uterus.

17. Signs and Symptoms pain vaginal bleeding dizziness or fainting
low blood pressure
lower back pain

18. How it can be treated?
Early ectopic pregnancy can sometimes be treated with an injection of methotrexate.
(methotrexate= stops the growth of the embryo)

19. If not caught early… Surgery
The surgeon used a laparoscopy to see where the baby is and can be surgically removed only having to use 2 small incisions.

20. What happens if you don’t treat it…
An untreated ectopic pregnancy will eventually cause the fallopian tube to burst. This can cause severe bleeding in your belly which may be life threatening.

22. Reproductive System

23. Female Reproductive System
The female reproductive system produce and house the female sex cells
Transport eggs to a site where they may be fertilized by sperm
Provide a good place for the developing fetus
Move the fetus outside the body
Produce the female sex hormones

24. Male Reproductive System
Def: The male reproductive system consists of those structures in the male body designed to create life and get rid of wastes.