2. CFF GmbH & Co. KG Your supplier of native cellulose fibers CFF‘s products and application in SMA CFF GmbH & Co. KG

3. CFF SMA GENICEL Modification

4. CFF GmbH & Co. KG Location in Gehren / Thuringia CFF GmbH & Co. KG

5. Factory in Gehren/Thuringia

6. CFF GmbH & Co. KG Founded 1977 Employees 80 Production capacity approx. 42.000 tons (> 17.000 tons for TOPCEL) Export rate> 70 % Certified to ISO 9001

7. SMA Stone Matrix Asphalt Basics Modification of bitumen CFF GmbH & Co. KG

8. HighwayA 9, Situation in year 1994 Transportation CFF GmbH & Co. KG

9. Today: permanent traffic jams CFF GmbH & Co. KG

10. SMA – Stone Matrix Asphalt Stone Matrix Asphalt : – aggregate mix with a high content of large aggregates – only crushed aggregates – Mainly Modified bitumen – stabilising additives for the prevention of bitumen drainage during storage, transport, laying down. CFF GmbH & Co. KG

11. Comparison of mineral structure Stone Mastic Asphalt / Asphalt Concrete Coarse aggregate 73 - 80 weight.-% 55 - 65 weight.-% > 2mm Filler/Sand Content 20 - 27 weight.-%35 - 45 weight.-% < 2mm Bitumen Content > 6,5 weight.-% 5,9 - 7,2 weight.-% Air Void Content < 6 Vol.-% < 7 Vol.-%

12. characteristics properties High content of chippings Bitumen: modified Bitumen thick bitumen-/ mortarcoatings stabilising additivs (TECHNOCEL / TOPCEL) Stone skeleton - High stability (temperature independent) Supporting the stabilityBetter aging behaviorPrevention of the bitumen drainage during storage, transport, laying down CFF GmbH & Co. KG

13. Asphalt Concrete SMA

14. High resistance to permanent deformation characteristics of SMA – under performance conditions High resistance to attrition / wear Not sensitive to low temperature cracking and mechanical stresses Coarse grained surface texture Longer lifetime CFF GmbH & Co. KG

15. Aggregates aggregates with high polishing resistance heavy duty traffic !! PSV min. 50 cubic aggregate shape not flaky, not elongated! Relation crushed sand / natural sand 1 : 0 CFF GmbH & Co. KG

16. Binder / Bitumen bitumen (straight run) DIN EN 12591 Bitumen 50 / 70 For heavy duty traffic, bridges : Polymer Modified Bitumen PmB 45 or GENICEL modified Bitumen CFF GmbH & Co. KG

17. Stabilising additivs Prevention of the bitumen drainage during storage, transport, laying down: Materials:  Cellulose granules / pellets  TECHNOCEL 1004-G - granules  TOPCEL - pellets  GENICEL - 2-component-pellets (cellulose + bitumenmodifier) CFF GmbH & Co. KG

18. Function of stabilizing additives in asphalt - TECHNOCEL ® and TOPCEL ® used primarily as a bitumen carrier to increase the thickness of binder coating. - TECHNOCEL ® and TOPCEL ® designed to stabilize the homogenity of asphalt and to avoid the drainage of the binder from the mineral aggregate during production, storage, transport and lay down.

19. Mix design gradingSMA 0/11S 2/51 5/82 8/114 parts SMA 0/8S 2 5,5 parts SMA 0/8 2,5 4,5 parts CFF GmbH & Co. KG

20. SMA 0/11 S AC 0/11 mesh densitySquare holes density [mm] passing a sieve [M.-%]remaining on sieve [M.-%] CFF GmbH & Co. KG

21. Draft for new European standard: 2007

22. CFF GmbH & Co. KG

23. Stability tests Marshalltest (Stability and flow) not suitable! Wheel Tracking Test (WTT) – „Bestimmung der Spurtiefe “ nach TP A-StB suitable! Dynamic compression test (Druckschwellversuch) – „Bestimmung des Verformungs- verhaltens von Walzasphalten bei Wärme“ nach TP A-StB suitable! CFF GmbH & Co. KG

24. WTT - Wheel Tracking Test CFF GmbH & Co. KG

25. WTT - Wheel Tracking Test CFF GmbH & Co. KG

26. WTT - Wheel Tracking Test Failed samples CFF GmbH & Co. KG

27. WTT - Wheel Tracking Test Failed samples CFF GmbH & Co. KG

28. “Binder Drainage Test” ( Schellenberg / v.d. Weppen) Give 1000 bis 1100 g asphalt under production conditions (temperature) into a 800 ml glass beaker Store the covered beaker for 60 +/- 1 min in a preheated oven (temperature 170°C +/- 1°C) Directly after removal – turn the glass beaker from bottom to the top Weigh the beaker incl. the remaining bitumen with a precision of 0,01 weight % more remaining bitumen/asphalt – more segregation! CFF GmbH & Co. KG

29. Left side:SMA with 0,3% TECHNOCEL ® / TOPCEL ® Right side:SMA without stabilizing additives

30. 0 0, 1 0, 2 0,3 0,4 0,5 Fiber adding in weight-% 1,8 1,6 1,4 1,2 1,0 0, 8 0, 6 0, 4 0, 2 0 Binder drainage in weight-% 0,050,150,30,45 2,0 0,3 0,08 0,05 Amount of bitumen of an SMA 0/11 dependend on the fiber content (Cellulose) Amount of bitumen of an SMA 0/11 dependend on the fiber content (Cellulose)

31. CFF GmbH & Co. KG Manufacturing process of SMA:

32. CFF GmbH & Co. KG - manually or - automatic dosing systems Dosage facilities

33. SMA paving CFF GmbH & Co. KG

34. SMA paving

35. CFF GmbH & Co. KG Skid resistance Stone Mastic Asphalt To ensure the required grip, it is recommended to spread: - 1-2 kg/m² dedusted high quality chippings 2/5mm or - 0,5 - 1 kg/m² crushed sand-chippings mix 1/3mm The blinding material may be spread with a disk scatterers fitted to a roller. Spread the blinding material on the hot surface course, but not before the second roller pass.

36. CFF GmbH & Co. KG Homogeneous gritting of SMA with a disk scatterer fitted to a roller direction Spreading of crushed stones

37. CFF GmbH & Co. KG Gritting measures 1-2 kg/m² dedusted high quality chippings 2/5mm or 0,5 - 1 kg/m² crushed sand-chippings mix 1/3mm

38. SMA - possible problems Water comes out of the surface after drying (rain) – possible glace ice during wintertime Bad skid resistance Segregation - areas with high bitumen content on the surface (“bitumen bleeding“) CFF GmbH & Co. KG

39. bitumen content too high CFF GmbH & Co. KG

40. Compaction, which roller? CFF GmbH & Co. KG

41. Uneven distribution of bitumen in the mix CFF GmbH & Co. KG

42. Bad homogenity of the asphalt mixture CFF GmbH & Co. KG

43. Bitumen / Binder Modification of Bitumen / Asphalt CFF GmbH & Co. KG

44. Additivs for modifcation CFF GmbH & Co. KG

45. Modification of domestic bitumen by using GENICEL CFF GmbH & Co. KG

46. Changing the main characteristics of standard bitumen Ring and ball Penetration CFF GmbH & Co. KG

47. Changing the main characteristics of bitumen by using GENICEL – the Ring and Ball point will grow in the range between 35 and 45 °C – The penetration point will degrease in the range between 25 and 35 1/10mm – The breaking point (Fraaß) will stay nearly constant in the range of the original bitumen CFF GmbH & Co. KG

48. GENICEL Adhesion to minerals – The adhesion to critical minerals will be improved CFF GmbH & Co. KG

49. Adhesion to minerals Straight run bitumen GENICEL modified CFF GmbH & Co. KG

50. Workability – reduce the mixing temperatures up to approx. 160°C – the asphalt mix has a very high compactability Environmental pollution – reducing the emission of CO 2 and other air pollutants – reducing the use of energy – reduction is up to 20% is possible GENICEL CFF GmbH & Co. KG

51. (1) Bitumen 70 / 100 (2) Bitumen PmB 45 (3) GENICEL mod. Bitumen 1 2 3 CFF GmbH & Co. KG

52. resistance against rutting – the rut depth measured in the wheel tracking test device will be minimised – The reduction rate compared with standard bitumen is minimum 50% Viscosity – the viscosity can be compared with bitumen 70/100 GENICEL CFF GmbH & Co. KG

53. 121 134 145 GENICEL Bitumen 50/70 PmB 45A CFF GmbH & Co. KG

54. TOPCEL Pellets TECHNOCEL 1004-G Granules CFF‘s products for road construction:

55. CFF GmbH & Co. KG GENICEL 2-Component-Pellets (TECHNOCEL-Cellulose fibers + SASOBIT-Bitumen-Modifier) CFF‘s products for road construction:

56. CFF GmbH & Co. KG Fields of application: Stone Mastic Asphalt (SMA) Open-Porous Asphalt (OPA) or drain asphalt special asphalt concrete mix designs “ Heavy duty binder courses ”

57. CFF GmbH & Co. KG THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION !

58. CFF GmbH & Co. KG CFF GmbH & Co. KG Arnstädter Str. 2 D – 98708 Gehren Tel. +49 36783 882-265 Fax +49 36783 882-252 Email: s.schulz@cff.de Home-Page: www.cff.de