1. Windows Server 2003 DHCP 安裝設定與管理維護 林寶森 jeffl@ms11.hinet.net

2. How DHCP Allocates IP Addresses DHCP Server DHCP Database IP Address1: Leased to DHCP Client1 IP Address2: Leased to DHCP Client2 IP Address3: Available to be leased IP Address1: Leased to DHCP Client1 IP Address2: Leased to DHCP Client2 IP Address3: Available to be leased DHCP Client2: IP configuration from DHCP server Non-DHCP Client: Static IP configuration DHCP Client1: IP configuration from DHCP server Lease Renewal Lease Generation

3. The DHCP Lease Generation Process DHCP ServersDHCP Client 11 IP Lease Request 33 IP Lease Selection 22 IP Lease Offer 44 IP Lease Acknowledgement

4. The DHCP Lease Renewal ProcessDHCPREQUESTDHCPREQUEST Source IP Address = 192.168.0.77 Dest. IP Address = 192.168.0.108 Requested IP Address = 192.168.0.77 Hardware Address = 08004.... Source IP Address = 192.168.0.77 Dest. IP Address = 192.168.0.108 Requested IP Address = 192.168.0.77 Hardware Address = 08004.... DHCPACK Source IP Address = 192.168.0.108 Dest. IP Address = 192.168.0.77 Offered IP Address = 192.168.0.77 Client Hardware Address = 08004... Subnet Mask = 255.255.255.0 Length of Lease = 8 days Server Identifier = 192.168.0.108 DHCP Option: Router = 192.168.0.1 Source IP Address = 192.168.0.108 Dest. IP Address = 192.168.0.77 Offered IP Address = 192.168.0.77 Client Hardware Address = 08004... Subnet Mask = 255.255.255.0 Length of Lease = 8 days Server Identifier = 192.168.0.108 DHCP Option: Router = 192.168.0.1 DHCP ClientDHCP Server

5. Automatic Private IP Addressing Computer Running Windows XP / 2003 DHCP Server (Offline) Request for IP Address Assigns IP Address No Response Broadcasts the IP Address Broadcasts the IP Address APIPA Generates IP Address APIPA 169.254.X.X No IP Address Returned

6. Securing the DHCP Service DHCP Administrators DHCP Users Active Directory DHCP Server 1 DHCP Server 2 Authorized List DHCP Server 1 DHCP Server 2 DHCP Log

7. Overview of Scopes ScopeScope 192.168.1.0 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.2 192.168.1.3 192.168.1.4 IP Addresses Available for Lease to Client Computers DHCP Server

8. Selecting DHCP Options DHCP option Description Routers A preferred list of IP addresses for routers on the same subnet as the DHCP clients DNS servers IP addresses for DNS name servers that DHCP clients use to resolve names DNS domain Domain name that DHCP clients should use when resolving names WINS node type A preferred NetBIOS name resolution method for the DHCP client to use WINS server IP addresses of primary and secondary WINS servers for the DHCP client to use

9. Reserving IP Addresses for Client Computers A reservation is a specific IP address, within a scope, that is permanently reserved for leased use to a specific DHCP client New Reservation Provide information for a reserved client. Reservation name: IP address: MAC address: Description: Supported types Both DHCP only BOOTP only AddClose Stuttgart Server 192. 168. 1. 201 DHCP Reservation for Server 00a024e2b01a

10. Examining Option Classes Vendor-defined classes manage DHCP options that are assigned to clients that are identified by vendor type User-defined classes manage DHCP options that are assigned to clients with common configuration requirements Client1 Client2 Client3 DHCP Server Configuration A Configuration B Configuration C

11. Relative IPCONFIG Options IPCONFIG /all Display full configuration information IPCONFIG /renew Renew the IP address for the specified adapter IPCONFIG /release Release the IP address for the specified adapter

12. Configuring a Superscope SuperscopeA Scope1 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.254 Scope1 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.254 DHCP Server 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.254 192.168.2.1 192.168.2.254 Scope2 192.168.2.1 192.168.2.254 Scope2 192.168.2.1 192.168.2.254

13. Configuring a Multicast Scope Computer2 Computer3 Computer4 Computer1 Multicast Group DHCP Server Request for Multicast Address Multicast Address Assigned

14. Routed Network Configuration Options DHCP Client Non RFC CompliantRouterRouter RFC-1542 Compliant Windows 2003 Server DHCP Relay Agent DHCP Server Broadcast DHCP Client Non RFC Compliant RouterRouter RFC-1542 Compliant DHCP Relay Agent Broadcast DHCP Client Non RFC Compliant Router DHCP Relay Agent Router RFC-1542 Compliant DHCP Client Non RFC CompliantRouterRouter RFC-1542 Compliant DHCP Relay Agent

15. Enhancing DHCP Availability with Distributed Scopes DHCP Server Scope for 192.168.1.X/24 defined in both DHCP Servers Active Addresses Excluded Addresses

16. What Is a DHCP Database? The DHCP database contains DHCP configuration data, such as information about scopes, reservations, options, and leases Windows Server 2003 stores the DHCP database in the directory % Systemroot% \System32\Dhcp The DHCP database files include:  DHCP.mdb  Tmp.edb  J50.log and J50*.log  DHCP.mdb  Tmp.edb  J50.log and J50*.log  Res*.log  J50.chk  Res*.log  J50.chk

17. How a DHCP Database Is Reconciled Example Summary informationDetailed informationReconciled DHCP database Client has IP address 192.168.1.34 IP address 192.168.1.34 is available Create an active lease entry DHCP Server DHCP Database Registry Summary IP address lease information Detailed IP address lease information Compares information to find inconsistencies Reconciles inconsistencies in the DHCP database

18. What Are DHCP Statistics? DHCP statistics represent statistics collected at either the server level or scope level since the DHCP service was last started DHCP Server

19. What Is a DHCP Audit Log File? A DHCP audit log is a log of service-related events, such as when: the service starts and stops; authorizations have been verified; or IP addresses are leased, renewed, released, or denied