1. From Blue to You Depression in Children and Adolescents

2. Vignette Meet 16-year-old Lindsay

3. What’s going on with Lindsay? Lindsay does not feel like herself Her behavior is changing She is dropping out of her favorite activities Lindsay is always tired, but has a hard time sleeping

4. She cannot concentrate or motivate herself to do homework Lindsay cries a lot but she doesn’t know why She is also eating a lot to try and comfort herself, so she is gaining weight which makes her feel worse. What’s going on with Lindsay?

5. What is depression? A common mental disorder or illness Involves the body, mood, and thoughts

6. What depression is not Lindsay is not having a passing blue mood. Lindsay is not experiencing adolescent “moodiness.”

7. Is depression common? Lindsay is not alone One in every 33 children (2.5 percent) One in eight adolescents (8.3 percent)

8. What are the symptoms? Physical symptoms Emotional symptoms Psychosocial symptoms

9. Symptoms differ based on age and development of youth Preschool School age Adolescence / High school

10. Stigma Embarrassment Concerns about peer group/friends

11. Treatment Talk therapy Medication therapy Combination: talk and medication therapy

12. Talk therapy Address mental, social, and environmental roots of depression Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Psychoeducational family programs

13. Medication therapy Prescription medication to treat the biological and chemical causes of depression SSRIs Careful and frequent monitoring needed

14. Combination therapy Lindsay participates in talk therapy plus medicationLindsay participates in talk therapy plus medication Consistently shown to be most effectiveConsistently shown to be most effective

15. Where to go for help Health care professional Social services Online

16. Online Resources –Support groups http://www.dailystrength.org/c/depression-teen/support- group –Chat rooms http://www.teen-moods.net –Blogs http://www.wingofmadness.com –Websites http://www.depressedteens.com

17. Find support and get professional help –Primary care provider Talk with Lindsay Listen to her If you were Lindsay’s family member, what could you do to help?

18. Help Lindsay with treatment Plan and prepare healthy meals Be active together and go out If you were Lindsay’s family member, what could you do to help?

19. References The Brown University (2002) The Child and Adolescent Behavior Letter, 18, 4. Duckworth, K. (2006). About mental illness: Depression. Retrieved from http://www.nami.org/Template.cfm?Section=By_Illness&Template=/TaggedPage/TaggedPageDisplay.cfm&TPLID= 54&ContentID=23039&lstid=326 http://www.nami.org/Template.cfm?Section=By_Illness&Template=/TaggedPage/TaggedPageDisplay.cfm&TPLID= 54&ContentID=23039&lstid=326 Mayo Clinic Staff (2008). Depression. Retrieved from http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/depression/DS00175http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/depression/DS00175 Mayo Clinic Staff (2008). Depression: Supporting loved ones through their battle with depression. Retrieved from http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/depression/MH00016 http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/depression/MH00016 NMHA (2008). Children’s Mental Health Statistics. Mental Health America http://www1.nmha.org/children/prevent/stats.cfm http://www1.nmha.org/children/prevent/stats.cfm NIMH (2008). What Are the Symptoms of Depression? http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/depression/symptoms.shtml http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/depression/symptoms.shtml NIMH (2008). How do children and adolescents experience depression? http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/depression/how-do-children-and-adolescents-experience- depression.shtml http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/depression/how-do-children-and-adolescents-experience- depression.shtml Nutrition Health Center (2008). Depression Statistics Information http://www.add-adhd-help- center.com/Depression/statistics.htmhttp://www.add-adhd-help- center.com/Depression/statistics.htm Ryan, N. (2003). About mental illness: Depression in adolescents and children. Retrieved from http://www.nami.org/Template.cfm?Section=By_Illness&template=/ContentManagement/ContentDisplay.cfm&Cont entID=17623 http://www.nami.org/Template.cfm?Section=By_Illness&template=/ContentManagement/ContentDisplay.cfm&Cont entID=17623 Sarafolean, M. H. (2000). Depression in School-Age Children and Adolescents: Characteristics, Assessment and Prevention. In A Pediatric Perspective, July/August 2000 Volume 9 Number 4 http://www.healthyplace.com/communities/depression/children.asp http://www.healthyplace.com/communities/depression/children.asp

20. Copyright © 2010 for materials developed by University of Kentucky Cooperative Extension. This publication may be reproduced in portions or its entirety for educational or nonprofit purposes only. Permitted users shall give credit to the author(s) and include this copyright notice. Educational programs of Kentucky Cooperative Extension serve all people regardless of race, color, age, sex, religion, disability, or national origin. Leigh Ann Simmons; MFT, PhD former Assistant Professor Department of Family Studies Ester Edwards, BS Graduate student Department of Family Studies Leslie Crofford, MD Professor, College of Medicine April 2010 Health Education through Extension Leadership The development of the HEEL program was made possible by Senator Mitch McConnell with funds earmarked for the University of Kentucky, College o f Agriculture, Lexington Ky. and budgeted through the CSREES/USDA Federal Administration. For More Information… www.bluetoyou.org