1. Intro to Arduino Zero to Virtual Prototyping in Seven Hours1
Intro to Arduino
Zero to Virtual Prototyping in Seven Hours
Nick Poole, Linz Craig, Prashanta Aryal,
Theo Simpson, Tai Johnson and Eli Santistevan

2. Overview of Class Getting Started:2
Overview of Class
Getting Started:
Installation, Applications and Materials
Electrical:
Components, Ohm's Law, Input and Output, Analog and Digital
One Hour Break For Lunch
Programming:
Split into groups depending on experience
Serial Communication Basics:
Troubleshooting and Debugging
Virtual Prototyping:
Schematics and PCB Layout in Fritzing

3. Arduino Board “Strong Friend” Created in Ivrea, Italy3
Arduino Board
“Strong Friend” Created in Ivrea, Italy
in 2005 by Massimo Banzi & David Cuartielles
Open Source Hardware
Atmel Processor
Coding is accessible (C++, Processing, ModKit and MiniBloq)

4. Getting Started Installation: Arduino (v.22) and Fritzing4
Getting Started
Installation: Arduino (v.22) and Fritzing
Java and Drivers
Materials: SIK Guide
Analog I/O, Digital I/O, Serial, & Fritzing handouts
Applications: Arduino IDE for programming board
Fritzing for creating PCBs
Modkit (combo Arduino & Scratch)

5. 5
Look up analog ref

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7. Fritzing Virtual Electrical Prototyping Project7
Fritzing
Virtual Electrical Prototyping Project
started in 2007 by the Interaction Design Lab
at the University of Applied Science Potsdam, Germany
Open Source
Prototypes: Document, Share, Teach, Manufacture

8. 8
Arduino Shields
PCB Built Shield Inserted Shield

9. 9
Arduino Shields
Micro SD MP3 Trigger Joystick

10. 10
MODKit, Alpha & Beta
Graphical User Interface for intuitive coding of Arduino
Developed by Ed Baafi and Collin Reisdorf
Two components: Online Editor and Download
Above: MODKit download in toolbar. Right click for quit and autostart. This download is for uploading to your Arduino board.
Left: MODKit programming environment.

11. Components Button Trimpot Name Image Type Function Notes Relay RGB LED11
Components
Name Image Type Function Notes
Button
Digital Input
Closes or opens circuit
Polarized, needs resistor
Trimpot
Analog Input
Variable resistor
Photoresistor
Relay
Digital Output & Input
Switches between circuits
Used to control larger voltages
Temp Sensor
Flex Sensor
Only bends one way
Soft Trimpot
Careful of shorts
RGB LED
Dig. & Analog Output
16,777,216 different colors
Ooh... So pretty.

12. Ohm’s Law V = I * R I = V / R R = V / I12
Ohm’s Law
Ohm's Law describes the direct relationship between the Voltage, Current and Resistance of a circuit.
The three different forms of Ohm's Law are as follows:
V = I * R I = V / R R = V / I
Where V is Voltage, I is Current and R is Resistance.

13. Why do I care about Voltage?13
Ohm’s Law
Why do I care about Voltage?
Voltage allows electricity to travel through all the components of the circuit. Voltage of your power source must be more than the total voltage drop of your circuit so the electricity can travel from power to ground.

14. Why do I care about Current?14
Ohm’s Law
Why do I care about Current?
Current is the aspect of electricity that performs physical work or movement.

15. Why do I care about Continuity?15
Not Ohm’s Law
Why do I care about Continuity?
Continuity is important to make portions of circuits are connect. Continuity is the simplest and possibly the most important setting on your multimeter.

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What’s a Breadboard?
One of the most useful tools in an engineer or Maker’s toolkit. The three most important thing to remember:
A breadboard is easier than soldering
A lot of those little holes are connected, which ones?
Sometimes breadboards break

17. 17
What’s a Breadboard?

18. Analog and Digital All Arduino signals are either Analog or Digital18
Analog and Digital
All Arduino signals are either Analog or Digital
All computers including Arduino, only understand Digital
It is important to understand the difference between Analog and Digital signals since Analog signals require an Analog to Digital conversion

19. Output is any signal exiting an electrical system19
Output
Output is any signal exiting an electrical system
Almost all systems that use physical computing will have some form of output
The outputs in SIK include LEDs, a motor, a servo, a piezo element, a relay and an RGB LED

20. Output is always Digital20
Output
Output is always Digital
To Output a Digital signal (On or Off) use this code:
digitalWrite ( pinNumber , value );
Where value is HIGH or LOW
To output a signal that pretends to be Analog use this code:
analogWrite ( pinNumber, value );
Where value is a number
Tell them to put together circuit 1
File examples basic blink
Open arduino
Encourage delay change
Change blink to analog write (will have to change the pin)

21. 21
Circuit 1: Electrical
Remember: the longer leg on the LED is the positive leg and the shorter leg is the negative
Image created in Fritzing

22. Output is always Digital22
Output
Output is always Digital
Using a Digital signal that pretends to be an Analog signal is called Pulse Width Modulation
Use Pulse Width Modulation, or P.W.M., for anything that requires a signal between HIGH and LOW
P.W.M. is available on Arduino pins # 3, 5, 6, 9, 10, and 11

23. Output Output is always Digital, even when it’s P.W.M.23
Output
Output is always Digital, even when it’s P.W.M.
For P.W.M. the Arduino pin turns on then off very fast
P.W.M. 25% P.W.M. 75% P.W.M. Signal rising

24. Input is any signal entering an electrical system24
Input
Input is any signal entering an electrical system
Both digital and analog sensors are forms of input
Input can also take many other forms: Keyboards, a mouse, infared sensors, biometric sensors, or just plain voltage from a circuit

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Analog Input
To connect an analog Input to your Arduino use Analog Pins # 0 - 5
To get an analog reading:
analogRead ( pinNumber );
Analog Input varies from 0 to 1023 on an Arduino
Put together circuit 8
Code: file examples analog input

26. 26
Circuit 8: Electrical
Image created in Fritzing

27. Analog Sensors Examples: Sensors Variables Values Signals27
Analog Sensors
Examples:
Sensors Variables Values Signals
Mic Volume Decibels Voltage
Photoresistor Light Photons Voltage
Potentiometer Dial Position Resistance Voltage
Temp Sensor Temperature Celsius Voltage
Flex Sensor Bend Resistance Voltage
Accelerometer Motion/Tilt/Acceleration Acceleration Voltage

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Digital Input
To connect digital input to your Arduino use Digital Pins # 0 – 13 (Although pins # 0 & 1 are also used for serial)
Digital Input needs a pinMode command:
pinMode ( pinNumber, INPUT );
Make sure to use caps for INPUT
To get a digital reading: digitalRead ( pinNumber );
Digital Input values are only HIGH (On) or LOW (Off)
Put together circuit # 7 and leave in

29. 29
Circuit 7: Electrical
Image created in Fritzing

30. Digital Sensors Digital sensors are more straight forward than Analog30
Digital Sensors
Digital sensors are more straight forward than Analog
No matter what the sensor there are only two settings: On and Off
Signal is always either HIGH (On) or LOW (Off)
Voltage signal for HIGH will be a little less than 5V on your Uno
Voltage signal for LOW will be 0V on most systems

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Questions?

32. www.sparkfun.com 6175 Longbow Drive, Suite 200 Boulder, Colorado 8030132
6175 Longbow Drive, Suite 200
Boulder, Colorado 80301