1. African Chicken Genetic Gains Tadelle Dessie and Jasmine Bruno Tanzania October 2014 A platform for testing, delivering, and continuously improving tropically- adapted chickens for productivity growth in sub-Saharan Africa

2. Background Chicken – in SSA Large in number and wide in distribution Multi-use animals utilized across a range of production systems Low-productivity but high-potential for growth Critical for income generation, nutrition & women empowerment Background Objectives Results & Outcomes Conclusion & Recommendation Agenda

3. Production Systems in SSA 1.Village production system 2.Small-scale production system 3.Commercial production system Based on Objectives of the producer Type and number of animals Management system followed Background Objectives Results & Outcomes Conclusion & Recommendation Agenda

4. Village Production System Predominant system in SSA 60 to 95% of chicken population 40 to 90% of meat & egg production Source of protein and small cash High percent of market Little attention to the system and animals Resulting in low productivity Little improvements to the system/animals Resulting in overall inefficiency Background Objectives Results & Outcomes Conclusion & Recommendation Agenda

5. Village production system – yield gap Background Objectives Results & Outcomes Conclusion & Recommendation Agenda

6. Objectives 1 - 3 Background Objectives Results & Outcomes Conclusion & Recommendation Objective 1 Objective 2 Objective 3 Define and Characterize: the current smallholder chicken production systems; germplasm ecotypes; current realized productivity; husbandry practices; and as well as the socio-economic status of poor smallholder chicken farmers in Nigeria, Tanzania, and Ethiopia Define and Characterize: the current smallholder chicken production systems; germplasm ecotypes; current realized productivity; husbandry practices; and as well as the socio-economic status of poor smallholder chicken farmers in Nigeria, Tanzania, and Ethiopia Identify highly productive local African chicken germplasm from the various countries for: characterization; multiplication into stable flocks; and testing on-station and on-farm Identify highly productive local African chicken germplasm from the various countries for: characterization; multiplication into stable flocks; and testing on-station and on-farm Negotiate access to foreign tropically-adapted chicken germplasm (from India and elsewhere): characterize and test them under on-station and on-farm conditions under low-input production to determine productivity in different agro-ecologies Negotiate access to foreign tropically-adapted chicken germplasm (from India and elsewhere): characterize and test them under on-station and on-farm conditions under low-input production to determine productivity in different agro-ecologies Agenda

7. Objectives 4 - 6 Background Objectives Results & Outcomes Conclusion & Recommendation Objective 4 Objective 5 Objective 6 Use the information obtained from the survey and the on-station and on-farm testing to: Define the chicken breeds, phenotypes, and genotypes preferred by smallholder farmers in terms of: bird color, body conformation and temperament, egg and meat productivity, overall tropical adaptability under low-input production systems, and carcass and meat quality Use the information obtained from the survey and the on-station and on-farm testing to: Define the chicken breeds, phenotypes, and genotypes preferred by smallholder farmers in terms of: bird color, body conformation and temperament, egg and meat productivity, overall tropical adaptability under low-input production systems, and carcass and meat quality Develop stable multiplication lines (great grandparents, grandparents, and parent stock) of the farmer- preferred germplasm, and develop IP models to facilitate: access to the germplasm by a number of private and public sector multipliers to get the improved chicks into smallholder farmers’ hands Develop stable multiplication lines (great grandparents, grandparents, and parent stock) of the farmer- preferred germplasm, and develop IP models to facilitate: access to the germplasm by a number of private and public sector multipliers to get the improved chicks into smallholder farmers’ hands Collect data and samples to: evaluate and document the impact of the introduction of the imported germplasm on the diversity of indigenous chicken populations; and provide strategic recommendations to inform the global efforts for conservation of indigenous germplasm resources Collect data and samples to: evaluate and document the impact of the introduction of the imported germplasm on the diversity of indigenous chicken populations; and provide strategic recommendations to inform the global efforts for conservation of indigenous germplasm resources Agenda

8. Objectives 7 - 9 Background Objectives Results & Outcomes Conclusion & Recommendation Objective 7 Objective 8 Objective 9 Develop and nurture National Innovation Platforms to facilitate: private sector access the germplasm; and develop business models for: mass-multiplication, brooding, vaccination delivery to farmers, and develop value chain input delivery systems. Develop and nurture National Innovation Platforms to facilitate: private sector access the germplasm; and develop business models for: mass-multiplication, brooding, vaccination delivery to farmers, and develop value chain input delivery systems. Develop and nurture community and sub-national Innovation Platforms focused on empowering poor smallholder farmers, especially women to: Access preferred chicken germplasm; and Optimize the productivity of the birds under low-input production environments Develop and nurture community and sub-national Innovation Platforms focused on empowering poor smallholder farmers, especially women to: Access preferred chicken germplasm; and Optimize the productivity of the birds under low-input production environments Develop a roadmap for using the data and samples collected from the on-station and on-farm germplasm testing to: Set up longer-term crossbreeding and chicken genetic gains programs in each country, Including application of omics-based strategies for: Accelerating the rate of genetic gains under low-input tropical conditions; and Development of synthetic crossbred chicken lines. Develop a roadmap for using the data and samples collected from the on-station and on-farm germplasm testing to: Set up longer-term crossbreeding and chicken genetic gains programs in each country, Including application of omics-based strategies for: Accelerating the rate of genetic gains under low-input tropical conditions; and Development of synthetic crossbred chicken lines. Agenda

9. Objective 1 Define and Characterize: the current smallholder chicken production systems; germplasm ecotypes; current realized productivity; husbandry practices; and as well as the socio-economic status of poor smallholder chicken farmers in Nigeria, Tanzania, and Ethiopia Background Objectives Results & Outcomes Conclusion & Recommendation Agenda

10. Objective 2 Identify highly productive local African chicken germplasm from the various countries for: characterization; multiplication into stable flocks; and testing on-station and on-farm Background Objectives Results & Outcomes Conclusion & Recommendation Agenda

11. Objective 3 Negotiate access to foreign tropically-adapted chicken germplasm (from India and elsewhere): characterize and test them under on-station and on-farm conditions under low-input production to determine productivity in different agro-ecologies Background Objectives Results & Outcomes Conclusion & Recommendation Agenda

12. Objective 4 Use the information obtained from the survey and the on-station and on-farm testing to: define the chicken breeds, phenotypes, and genotypes preferred by smallholder farmers in terms of: o bird color, o body conformation and temperament, o egg and meat productivity, o overall tropical adaptability under low-input production systems, and o carcass and meat quality Background Objectives Results & Outcomes Conclusion & Recommendation Agenda

13. Objective 5 Develop stable multiplication lines (great grandparents, grandparents, and parent stock) of the farmer-preferred germplasm, and develop IP models to facilitate: access to the germplasm by a number of private and public sector multipliers to get the improved chicks into smallholder farmers’ hands Background Objectives Results & Outcomes Conclusion & Recommendation Agenda

14. Objective 6 Collect data and samples to: evaluate and document the impact of the introduction of the imported germplasm on the diversity of indigenous chicken populations; and provide strategic recommendations to inform the global efforts for conservation of indigenous germplasm resources Background Objectives Results & Outcomes Conclusion & Recommendation Agenda

15. Objective 7 Develop and nurture National Innovation Platforms to facilitate: private sector access the germplasm; and develop business models for: mass-multiplication, brooding, vaccination delivery to farmers, and develop value chain input delivery systems. Background Objectives Results & Outcomes Conclusion & Recommendation Agenda

16. Objective 8 Develop and nurture community and sub-national Innovation Platforms focused on empowering poor smallholder farmers, especially women to: Access preferred chicken germplasm; and Optimize the productivity of the birds under low-input production environments Background Objectives Results & Outcomes Conclusion & Recommendation Agenda

17. Objective 9 Develop a roadmap for using the data and samples collected from the on-station and on-farm germplasm testing to: Set up longer-term crossbreeding and chicken genetic gains programs in each country, Including application of omics-based strategies for: Accelerating the rate of genetic gains under low-input tropical conditions; and Development of synthetic crossbred chicken lines. Background Objectives Results & Outcomes Conclusion & Recommendation Agenda

18. Results & Outcomes 1 insights on the types of chickens that poor farmers, especially women, prefer Stakeholders (governments, private sector, other development partners) have data-driven and culturally-relevant insights on the types of chickens that poor farmers, especially women, prefer (e.g., specific performance and phenotypic traits) across multiple agro-ecological and cultural systems of the project countries Background Objectives Results & Outcomes Conclusion & Recommendation Agenda

19. Results & Outcomes 2 Through functioning public private partnerships (targeting at least two operating partnerships per country), smallholders have access to their preferred breeds that produce at least 200% more than existing local breeds, with significantly reduced mortality risks due to proper brooding and pre-vaccination Background Objectives Results & Outcomes Conclusion & Recommendation Agenda

20. Results & Outcomes 3 Demonstrated and well-publicized data showing that the adoption of the proven chicken genotypes indeed leads to significantly increased production, productivity, income, and household consumption among smallholder communities that adopt the technology Background Objectives Results & Outcomes Conclusion & Recommendation Agenda

21. Results & Outcomes 4 Increased empowerment of women smallholder farmers in the chicken value chain to be seen across rural communities Background Objectives Results & Outcomes Conclusion & Recommendation Agenda

22. Results & Outcomes 5 A functioning multi-country network of public-private partnerships for long-term chicken genetic improvement A functioning multi-country network of public-private partnerships for long-term chicken genetic improvement that has both the strategy and capacity to use modern tools to drive accelerated genetic gains and to deliver more productive, farmer-preferred breeds Background Objectives Results & Outcomes Conclusion & Recommendation Agenda

23. Implementation Plan November Project Officially Funded MOU Signed between ILRI and Project Partners Implementation Plan and Project Materials Finalize Private sector engagement in-countryDecember ILRI Program Team and Country Teams Formed Process for Importation of Lines Started (Import permits) Program Site Selection Finalized in each CountryJanuary Country Teams Finalize First Draft of Their Implementation Plans Develop standard protocols for program implementation ILRI engagement with private sector Background Objectives Results & Outcomes Implementation Plan Conclusion & Recommendation Agenda

24. Implementation Plan February Program Officially Launched/First Annual Meeting In-country Data Collection Teams FinalizedMarch In-country Launches Baseline data collection begins Background Objectives Results & Outcomes Implementation Plan Conclusion & Recommendation Agenda

25. ACGG Partners and Collaborators Tanzania Tanzania Livestock Research Institute (TALIRI) Sokoine University of AgricultureEthiopia Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR) Haramya UniversityNigeria Federal University of Agriculture in Abeokuta, Nigeria Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, NigeriaCross-country ILRI, Wageningen University, the Netherlands, PICO East Africa Background Objectives Results & Outcomes Partners Conclusion & Recommendation Agenda

26. Tanzania Team $1.6 Million over 5 years Led by TALIRI and Sokoine University in Tanzania Full program launch in Addis in February Tanzania country launch in March Full engagement of the public and private sectors with a goal of developing a public-private partnership Background Objectives Materials & Methods Results & Discussion Conclusion & Recommendation Agenda

27. Tanzania Activities ActivityDescription Activity 1Selection of field sites and participating households/farmers Activity 2Baseline Survey Activity 3Renovation/construction of poultry rearing facilities at TALIRI Activity 4Collection of fertile eggs from local chicken germplasm and exotic tropically adapted genotypes Activity 5On-station testing or evaluation of local and exotic germplasms Activity 6Multiplication of proven local and exotic germplasm Activity 7On-farm testing or evaluation of local and exotic germplasms Activity 8Training of MSc (10) and PhD (5) students at Local Universities Activity 9Innovation platform meetings for stakeholders Activity 10Continuation of improvement of local and exotic genotypes (synthetic breeding) Background Objectives Materials & Methods Results & Discussion Conclusion & Recommendation Agenda

28. Activity 1 - Site Selection Background Objectives Materials & Methods Results & Discussion Conclusion & Recommendation Regional Prioritization Criteria: Poultry numbers # of households rearing poultry % contribution of poultry to household nutrition/income % market share captured by smallholders Availability of feed resources Diversity across zones Preliminarily Prioritized Zones : Southern Southern Highlands Central Central Corridor Eastern Lake Zone Agenda

29. Path Forward (6 months) Finalize the implementation plan for Tanzania Launch the program Encourage public and private sector engagement in the program and the poultry sector as a whole Obtain the necessary permits for the importation of the desired lines Move forward with the baseline Background Objectives Results & Outcomes Partners Conclusion & Recommendation Agenda

30. Thank You!