1. Objective: Learn the structure and functions of carbohydrates New words: iodine, indicator, starch, glucose, ribose, cellulose DO NOW: A student, Edwin, has tested different kinds of food to know which food contains starch. He found the following results: Starch is present in: corn, rice, apple, banana, potato and pear. Starch is absent in: chicken meat, ham, egg, cheese, and milk.  What conclusion would you make from the food testing?  Would pumpkin contain starch? How do you know?

2. What do all these molecules have in common? What kind of compounds are shown in the pictures? Objective: Learn the structure and functions of carbohydrates New words: carbohydrate, glucose, ribose, ratio, glycogen, starch, cellulose, monosaccharide, polysaccharide Do Now: List 4 things all the molecules below have in common

3. What is the # of atoms of the following elements: carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen? What is the C:H:O ratio? What do this molecules are made of? How do you say that in Greek? What is another word to say “Carbohydrate”? What is about the shape? Objective: Learn the structure and functions of carbohydrates New words: carbohydrate, glucose, ribose, ratio, glycogen, starch, cellulose, monosaccharide, polysaccharide

4. Carbohydrates Carbohydrates are compounds made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms, usually in a ratio of 1:2:1 They dissolve in water and their color is white. Living things use carbohydrates as their main source of energy. The breakdown of sugar, such as glucose, supplies immediate energy for all cell activities. Also, plants and some animals also use carbohydrates for structural purposes. For example, cellulose gives the plant much of their strength and rigidity. Cellulose is the major component of both wood and paper, so you are actually looking at cellulose as you read these words! Objective: Learn the structure and functions of carbohydrates New words: carbohydrate, glucose, ribose, ratio, glycogen, starch, cellulose, monosaccharide, polysaccharide

5. 1. Carbohydrates are (organic/ inorganic) __________ molecules compounds. 2.They are made of the following elements: 3. The ratio between carbon, hydrogen and oxygen is the same as __________ 4. They dissolve in _____________, usually their color is __________________ 5. The jobs of carbohydrates are Organic Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen 1:2:1 waterwhite 1. Carbohydrates are the main source of energy 2. It gives plants strength and rigidity Objective: Learn the structure and functions of carbohydrates New words: carbohydrate, glucose, ribose, ratio, glycogen, starch, cellulose, monosaccharide, polysaccharide

6. Complex sugar Objective: Learn the structure and functions of carbohydrates New words: carbohydrate, glucose, ribose, ratio, glycogen, starch, cellulose, monosaccharide, polysaccharide

7. Living things store extra sugar as complex carbohydrates known as starches Single sugar molecules are also called monosaccharides. Simple sugar include glucose, galactose, which is a component of milk, and fructose, which is found in many fruits. galactose fructose Objective: Learn the structure and functions of carbohydrates New words: carbohydrate, glucose, ribose, ratio, glycogen, starch, cellulose, monosaccharide, polysaccharide

8. . When the level of glucose in your blood runs low, glycogen is released from your liver. The glycogen stored in your muscles supplies the energy for muscle contraction and thus, for movement. Plants use a slightly different polysaccharide, called plant starch, to store excess sugar. Starch is present in potato, rice, and corn. Starch Objective: Learn the structure and functions of carbohydrates New words: carbohydrate, glucose, ribose, ratio, glycogen, starch, cellulose, monosaccharide, polysaccharide The large macromolecules formed from simple sugar are known as complex sugar (polysaccharides). Many animals store excess sugar in a polysaccharide called glycogen, or animal starch.

9. Objective: Learn the structure and functions of carbohydrates New words: carbohydrate, glucose, ribose, ratio, glycogen, starch, cellulose, monosaccharide, polysaccharide DO NOW List 4 things you already know about this molecule

10. 1. Base on the handout with pictures of carbohydrates, arrange the pictures into simple sugar (monosaccharides) and complex sugar (polysaccharides). Simple sugar (monosaccharides): Complex sugar (polysaccharides): Glucose, galactose, fructose, ribose Cellulose, glycogen, starch 2.We eat carbohydrates in food, like 3. Glucose is important because 4. Starch is present in Its function is 5. Glycogen is present in Its function is 6. Cellulose is present in Its function is fruit, potato, rice, corn, pasta, bread It supplies energy for all cell activities Plants (potato, rice, corn) To store excess sugar in plants Animal muscles and liver To store excess sugar in animal and supply energy to muscles Plants in wood, cell wall and paper To provide strength and rigidity in plants Objective: Learn the structure and functions of carbohydrates New words: carbohydrate, glucose, ribose, ratio, glycogen, starch, cellulose, monosaccharide, polysaccharide

11. Function 2 kinds of carboohydrates Three examples Found in In animalsIn plants Found in Function Main source of energy Structural purposes Giving strength and rigidity Simples Sugar Complex Sugar Glucose Ribose Fructose Juice, blood Milk, fruit Glycogen Muscle Liver Store excess sugar in plants Starch Potato Rice Stores excess sugar in animals Cellulose Paper, wood Cell wall Gives strength rigidity Carbohydrates Objective: Learn the structure and functions of carbohydrates New words: carbohydrate, glucose, ribose, ratio, glycogen, starch, cellulose, monosaccharide, polysaccharide

12. Objective: Learn the structure and functions of carbohydrates New words: carbohydrate, glucose, ribose, ratio, glycogen, starch, cellulose, monosaccharide, polysaccharide DO NOW List 4 things you already know about this molecule

13. Objective: Learn the structure and functions of carbohydrates New words: carbohydrate, glucose, ribose, ratio, glycogen, starch, cellulose, monosaccharide, polysaccharide DO NOW Look at the molecule below, what do you know about it? Is it an organic or inorganic molecule? Explain how you know Is it a carbohydrate? Explain how you know What kind of carbohydrate? Explain how you know. What is the name of the molecule? Where do you find it? What is the job?

14. CARBOHYDRATES CHARACTERISTICS or TRAITS TWO MAIN FUNCTIONS GLUCOSE Picture Where do you find it? Function STARCH Picture Where do you find it? Function CELLULOSE Picture Where do you find it? Function GLYCOGEN Picture Where do you find it? Function Objective: Learn the structure and functions of carbohydrates New words: carbohydrate, glucose, ribose, ratio, glycogen, starch, cellulose, monosaccharide, polysaccharide

15. Objective: Learn the structure and functions of carbohydrates New words: carbohydrate, glucose, ribose, ratio, glycogen, starch, cellulose, monosaccharide, polysaccharide Content Student’s Credits Teacher’s Credits o Poster includes at least 4 carbohydrates traits (20 credits) o Poster describes 2 main functions of carbohydrates (10 credits) o Poster includes the following drawings molecules: glucose, starch, cellulose, glycogen (10 credits) o Poster includes where carbohydrates can be found (20 credits) o Poster includes one function for each of the main carbohydrates: glucose, starch, glycogen, cellulose (20 credits) Poster Presentation o Poster is well organized and neat (10 credits) Collaboration with peers o All group members participated equally (10 credits)

16. 1.Which elements are carbohydrates made of? 2.What are the two functions (jobs) of carbohydrates? 3.Give two examples of carbohydrates. They are the main source of energy Plants and animals use carbohydrates for structural purposes Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen Glucose, starch, glycogen, cellulose

17. carbohydrates Iodine

18. Do Now: What kind of molecules are these? What is the C:H:O ratio? What does the word “carbohydrate” mean? Objective: Learn the structure and functions of carbohydrates New words: iodine, indicator, starch, glucose, ribose, cellulose,

19. Glucose Cellulose

20. Monosaccharide Simple sugar Polysaccharide Complex sugar

21. Glycogen Starch

22. Strength Rigidity The quality of being strong The quality of being inflexible, stiff, firm, or rigid