1. MT. EVEREST CLASS PRESENTATION
Into Thin Air
by Jon Krakauer

2. Who is Jon Krakauer
By: Michael Hernandez & Eric Arroyo

3. Background Information
* Born in Brookline Massachusetts
* Introduced to mountaineering at age 8 in Corvallis, Oregon
* He is 60 years old as of today
* Is a writer in outdoor literature

4. Career in Life Climbed Everest in 1996
Wrote many books such as “Into thin air” which was voted book of the year
Went to study at Hampshire college in Massachusetts
Four of Krakauer’s team including their group leader perished while climbing through a storm

5. What and Why are the Himalayas important?

6. The Himalayas
-The Himalayas are a long and tall mountain range, Mt.Everest is the highest point.
-The Himalayas cross five countries: India,Nepal,Bhutan,China,Pakistan.
-Almost 2,500 kilometers from East
to West.
-Highest snowbound, dense temperate
forests.

7. Himalayan Background -Peaks are sacred in both Buddhism and Hinduism.
-The Himalayas are home to millions of people and hundreds of unique animal species.
-It is also a region of fascinating cultural and spiritual heritage, where millions of people from diverse cultures and regions live.

8. Geology, Elevation, and Climate
What is Mt Everest?
Geology, Elevation, and Climate

9. Geology 50 million years agos, the Indian plate collided with the
Eurasian plate and continued to
slide under it and cause the
mountain to grow.
Upper part of the mountain is
made up of limestone
The middle layers is made up
of metamorphic rocks
The lower layer mainly
contains sedimentary rocks

10. Elevation and Climate Everest is 29,035 feet tall
During January its coldest is- 33℉
and can get up to 10 feet of snow
on the summit.
In July warmest is -2℉ on summit
Summit never rises above freezing
Wind can reach up to 50mph

11. What does it cost to Climb Mt. Everest?
Training and Costs

12. Training needed to climb Everest
Cardiovascular exercises like biking,swimming,running, between minutes five times a week.
Lifting weights to prevent muscle fatigue and hiking outdoor trails with added weight on your back for 3 hours.
Having previous knowledge on rope skills and climbing glaciers.
Having your mind mentally prepared by visualizing.
Go rock climbing sup

13. Costs to climb Everest
The average company cost $48,000 on the south side and $37,000 on the north side.
When on climbing on your own you have to get a permit that costs $11,000.
Oxygen and Sherpa cost for climbing Everest would cost from $3,440-$11,880.
Extra supplies needed for the climb would cost from $9,650-$34,400.

14. What are they and how many are there?
8000 Meter Peaks
What are they and how many are there?

15. 8000 Meter Peaks
-There are 14 independant mountains all over 8000 meters in height that are located in the Himalayan and Karakoram mountain ranges which are the highest peaks in the world.
-Italy and South Korea with the most people to successfully climb all 14 mountains.
-14 mountains in order of height:
1)Everest 2)K2 3) Kanchenjunga 4)Lhotse 5)Makalu 6)Cho Oyo 7)Dhaulagiri 8)Manaslu 9)Nanga Parbat 10)Annapurna 11)Gasherbrum 1 12)Broadpeak 13)Gasherbrum 2 14)Shisha Pangma

16. Success -First attempt at all 14 was a failure due to an avalanche
- First success at any of the 14 was in 1950 by Maurice Herzog and Louis Lachenal at Annapurna
-Reinhold Messner first to climb all 14 in 1986

17. oo
Who are the Sherpa?
Sophie Vega
Grant Tracy

18. What are Sherpas? Sherpa = East People
They are from the Eastern part of Nepal
The oldest Sherpa village is Tengboch.
Some Sherpas are living in America, specifically New York, which has the largest Sherpa community.
The Sherpas are elite mountaineers, so they serve as guides at extremes altitude peaks.
Sherpa men traditionally wear : long sleeved robes that are tied at the waist, and on their robes is a pocket that they attach, and that is used to carry and store small items.
I love Ian
Women typically wear
l lots lots lotsong sleeved dresses that touch the floor. Their dresses are usually very colorful.

19. How are Sherpa utilized in Climbing Everest?
The sherpas are usually happy and easygoing
They take great pride in their mountaineering
Since Sherpas carry more oxygen in their blood, they perform better at higher altitude
Sherpas are used as a pack mule to carry rich white men’s stuff and guide them to the top of everest

20. Who is George Leigh Mallory? Kat Jernigan

21. Who Was George Leigh Mallory
born on june 18th 1886 in Mobberley, Cheshire England
died on the 8 or 9th of 1924c on the North face of Mt. Everest
was an English mountaineer and a teacher
took part in the first 3 british expedition of Everest
he served in World War 1 as a lieutenant
was honored by having a court named
after him at his alma mater

22. George Leigh mallory’s climbs
1910 attempted to climb Mt.Velan in the Alps
1911 he climbed Mt. Blanc in Europe
1913 he climbed Pillar Rock with no guide
participated in the initial 1921 british reconnaissance expedition

23. Who is Sir Edmund Hillary? Jacob Mounts Kalea Mcconnon

24. Who is Sir Edmund Hillary
Sir Edmund Hillary was born on July 20th 1919
Sir Edmund Hillary died on January
He is an important person because he became the first person to reach the summit of Everest
For Sir Edmund Hillary climbing like this was only a hobby and not for competition
His biggest goal was to climb to the summit of everest

25. Hillarys Journey up Everest
Sir Edmund Hillary traveled up to everest with a British expedition
He climbed with them in 1958
He stated that it was very uncomfortable and at some points it was painful
Most of them were tired and going low on oxygen

26. Who is Tenzing Norgay? By Katie Bianchi

27. Background info. on Tenzing Norgay
Tenzing Norgay was born in May 1914
He was born in Tengoche, Khumba in northeaston Nepa
Tenzing Norgay was a sherap.
Tenzing Norgay died May of 1986

28. Tenzing Norgay’s accompishements
Tenzing Norgay was known as a famous mountain climbers in history, he was one of the first known to have reached the summit of Mt. Everest; he accomplished with Edmund Hillary in May 1953.
“Tenzing and Hillary were the first people to conclusively set their feet on the summit of Mount Everest…”
Tenzing Norgay in Sweden (1967)
Personal information
Birth name
Namgyal Wangdi
Main discipline
Mountaineer
Born
( )29 May 1914
Khumbu, Nepal
Died
9 May 1986( ) (aged 71)
Darjeeling, India
Nationality
Nepalese, Indian

29. Who is Rob Hall?

30. Rob Hall background info
Born January 14, 1961
Died May 11, 1996
Died of hypothermia during mt. everest expedition
Grew up in New Zealand
He was known for the 1996 disaster
Growing up, he climbed in the South Alps

31. Rob Halls Expedition Was leader on mt everest expedition in 1996
The disaster happened on May 10-11, 1996
Eight people died on that expedition
Took numerous amount of days before the disaster happened

32. High Altitude Pulmonary Edema? Dylan Eddy Jackie Vieyra
What is H.A.P.E.
High Altitude Pulmonary Edema?
Dylan Eddy
Jackie Vieyra

33. What is HAPE? Accumulation of fluid in the air sacs of the lungs
obtained through unacclimatized travelers exposed to high altitudes

34. Symptoms and Cures for HAPE
shortness of breath, persistent cough with blood, chest tightness or congestion, and weakness
cured with rest, viagra, and cialis

35. High Altitude Cerebral Edema By: Ian Knoblock & Sabrina Simili
What is H.A.C.E.?
High Altitude Cerebral Edema
By: Ian Knoblock & Sabrina Simili

36. High Altitude Cerebral Edema
What is H.A.C.E?
What it is:
H.A.C.E is a condition in which the brain swells with fluids because of the physiological effects of traveling to a high altitude.
When it occurs:
When the body fails to acclimatize (to increase body elevation) while ascending to high altitude. If not treated in forty-eight hours, climber or patient will die.
How to avoid it:
Climber must acclimatize at a steady rate, allowing their bodies to adjust to the elevation. Patients are given supplemental oxygen to help recover if treated within forty-eight hours.

37. Symptoms of H.A.C.E What are the symptoms of H.A.C.E? Effects:
Headache that is not relievable by over-counter pain medicine
Constant nausea or vomiting
Weakness or fatigue
Difficulty sleeping
Loss of one's appetite
Staggered walking
Confusion
Visual hallucinations
Changes in behavior and ability to think
If not treated in forty-eight hours, climber or patient will go into a coma or experence death.

38. Recommended Gear on Everest
Mireya Palacios and Halle Fehr

39. Now
Footwear: Climbing boots, hiking boots, running shoes, 5 different types of socks
Clothing: long sleeve shirts, underwear (long), synthetic jacket and pants (waterproof), wind shirts
Head and Hand gear: Fleece gloves, insulated climbing gloves, fleece hat, face mask (balaclava)
Accessories: Ski goggles, head lamp with spare bulb and batteries
Climbing equipment: Ice axe, crampons, harness (and carabiner), rappel device, ascenders
Camping gear: backpack, sleeping bag, sleeping pad, water bottles, eating utensils
Medical & Personal: first-aid kit water purification tablets, ear plugs
Travel items: expedition duffel bag,nylon stuff sacks, small travel bag

40. Then and now -Most of the same equipment as modern times.
Other accessories and equipment:
altimeter
boots
thermal jackets
ice axe
crampons
helmet
tents
rope
oxygen mask

41. Mt Everest Training and Costs
BY KOBE AND AJ WHAA

42. COST TO CLIMB
-Mountain permits cost about 10,000 before your are able to start climbing
-Out of all the gear and material the cost can vary from 35 thousand to up to 65 thousand
-Up to the climbers decisions, the cost depends on what you need and want to help you. Sherpas and Guides can cost up to an extra 20,000 to have them help with your climbing
-Numerous amounts of materials are needed to climb oxygen tanks, ice axe, climbing boots, jackets, and other gear
-The overall cost of an average climber usually comes out to

43. TRAINING
The training for climbing can change in many different ways. Many climbers have set exercises that they do on a daily basis that changes day to day. Long distance running is a smart way to train. Also climbing experience would be helpful. Cardio leg workouts that involve endurance and strength in your legs. Also high altitude training can help with mountain climbing.There are several climbing classes to take before climbing that can help with technique and also help performance by building strength to help you and become a successfull