1. International Conference on Sexual Violence Hosted by SKOTTUR an umbrella organisation for 20 Women’s Organisations Háskólabíó by Hagatorg 25 - 26 October 2010 Reykjavik, ICELAND Women Strike Back

2. Gender Violence in Africa Esohe Aghatise Associazione Iroko Onlus Coalition Against Trafficking in Women (CATW International) Prostitution and Trafficking in Select African Countries

3. Gender and Violence in the African Context: Nigeria as a Case Study Gender structures in Nigeria Gender structures in Nigeria ► Gender Roles and Structures ► Marriage, Family, social interactions and kin relations in Nigeria: -Polygamy and Family Life -Women’s Role in the Family - The Girl Child in Nigeria ► Culture as Violence -Female genital Mutilation -Widowhood Practices

4. - Influence of Colonialism - Polygamy - Traditional Norms and Practices - The Role of the Church - Witchcraft - Prostitution and Trafficking Violence Against Women

5. Prostitution and Trafficking in Nigeria Traditional Attitude to Prostitution Traditional Attitude to Prostitution Traditional Norms and Practices which encourage prostitution and Trafficking Traditional Norms and Practices which encourage prostitution and Trafficking Modern attitudes to prostitution and Trafficking Modern attitudes to prostitution and Trafficking Geographical distribution of trafficking in Nigeria Geographical distribution of trafficking in Nigeria

6. Trafficking of Nigerian Women for Sexual Exploitation ► Victim Recruitment Process ► Voodoo practices and departure for Europe ► Trafficking of Nigerian women and girls to Europe for Sexual Exploitation

7. Voodoo and Trafficking in persons 1 The voodoo culture in Nigeria The voodoo culture in Nigeria The importance of voodoo in the trafficking process The importance of voodoo in the trafficking process Impact of voodoo practices on victims Impact of voodoo practices on victims ► Psychological impact ► Physical, mental and emotional impact

8. Voodoo and Trafficking in persons 2 Voodoo as a hindrance to victim protection and ‘restitution’ Voodoo as a hindrance to victim protection and ‘restitution’ Voodoo as a hindrance to the arrest and prosecution of traffickers Voodoo as a hindrance to the arrest and prosecution of traffickers

9. Addressing Voodoo in the Assistance and Treatment of Victims Cultural information and education of victims Cultural information and education of victims ► Traffickers and voodoo practises ► “Erhinmwin bu’eku” – response of traditional doctors and voodoo practitioners to use of ‘juju’ in trafficking ► Assisting victims to overcome and handle voodoo ► Cultural Mediation and Ethnopsychiatry in Victim Assistance

10. Addressing the problem of trafficking in Persons Policies to contrast Trafficking in persons Policies to contrast Trafficking in persons US TIP Reports and its Impact US TIP Reports and its Impact Destination Countries’ Policies on Trafficking in Persons Destination Countries’ Policies on Trafficking in Persons Italian Article 18 and its Impact on trafficking in Persons Italian Article 18 and its Impact on trafficking in Persons Nigerian National Agency for the Prohibition of Trafficking in Persons (NAPTIP) Nigerian National Agency for the Prohibition of Trafficking in Persons (NAPTIP)

11. Additional Measures to Combat Trafficking: The need to network in Fighting Trafficking in Persons Importance of Collaboration between Countries of Origin, Transit Countries and Countries of Destination Importance of Collaboration between Countries of Origin, Transit Countries and Countries of Destination Why Networking is important Why Networking is important Levels of networks and examples: Social, Geographical and Political Networks Levels of networks and examples: Social, Geographical and Political Networks Impact of networking on Traficking Impact of networking on Traficking

12. Trafficking for Sexual Exploitation Conclusion : Conclusion : Prerequisites for the elimination of trafficking in persons include: a. Addressing the demand for paid sexual services b. Addressing the economic and financial imbalances in the global economy c. Addressing gender issues and working for real gender equality Questions and Answers Questions and Answers

13. Associazione Iroko Onlus Iroko is a multi-cultural NGO, providing services to victims of human trafficking, domestic violence and their children. Iroko is an affiliate of the Coalition against Trafficking in Women and fully shares its policies.

14. Associazione Iroko Onlus Over the last decade IROKO has assisted a growing number of victims of human trafficking, most of whom have also been subjected to domestic violence.

15. Coalition Against Trafficking in Women (CATW) The Coalition Against Trafficking in Women is an international NGO, with consultative status to the UN’s ECOSOC. Since 1988, the Coalition has worked against human trafficking as a form of gender violence and as a severe violations of human rights.