1. Pertemuan 15 & 16 Electronic Business System
Matakuliah : J0454 / Sistem Informasi Manajemen
Tahun : 2006
Versi : 1 / 1
Pertemuan 15 & 16 Electronic Business System

2. Learning Outcomes
Pada akhir pertemuan ini, diharapkan mahasiswa
akan mampu :
Mahasiswa akan dapat menguraikan konsep dan aplikasi manajemen bisnis secara online  C3

3. Enterprise Business System CRM SCM Functional Business System
Outline Materi
Enterprise Business System
CRM
SCM
Functional Business System
Marketing Systems
Human Resource Systems

4. Enterprise Business Systems
New Product Development Process
Customer
Feedback
Market
Research
Market
Test
Component
Design
Product
Test
Product
Release
Process
Design
Equipment
Design
Production
Start
PATIENTLY ALLOW TIME FOR ANIMATIONS TO WORK
Use the animated graphic to explain the stages in the new product development process.
Note how multiple steps are managed between major functions of the organization. A good place to discuss cross-functional applications.
Marketing
R&D/Engineering
Manufacturing

5. Enterprise Business Systems
Enterprise Application Architecture
Suppliers
Employees
Partner Relationship Management
Selling – Distribution
Partners
Collaboration – Decision Support
Knowledge Management
Supply Chain Management
Sourcing - Procurement
Enterprise Resource Planning
Internal Business Processes
PATIENTLY ALLOW TIME FOR ANIMATIONS TO WORK
Use the animated graphic to explain the component parts of an enterprise's architecture-ranging from suppliers to customers and employees to partners.
Customer Relationship Management
Marketing – Sales - Service
Customers

6. Enterprise Business Systems
IBM Corporation: Global Cross-Functional Enterprise Systems
Created Real-time Configure-to-Order System
Enterprise e-Business Systems Need End-to-End Connectivity:
Across Different Processes
From Legacy Systems to its Suppliers, Customers and Partners
Orders by Customers Travel Great Global Distances
Systems Update Order Status
Communicate with Other Systems-Real Time
Orders Zip Across Atlantic Average 4 Times
This IBM mini-case shows an application of a global cross-functional enterprise system.
This real time configure-to-order system facilitates global customer needs.
The systems update the order status and communicate with other systems in real time.

7. Enterprise Resource Planning
The Technological Backbone of e-Business
Production
Planning
Integrated
Logistics
Sales,
Distribution,
Order
Management
Customer/
Employee
PATIENTLY ALLOW TIME FOR ANIMATIONS TO WORK
Use this animated graphic to explain the technological backbone of e-Business.
The model puts the customer or employee at the center of the various activities that occur technologically within a business.
Take the time to describe each of the functions represented by the wedges of the pie chart as they individually enter.
Accounting
and Finance
Human
Resources

8. Enterprise Resource Planning
Colgate-Palmolive: The Business Value of ERP
Use of Software across the Entire Spectrum of the Business
Activities That Once Took Days now Take Hours
On-Time and Correctness of Deliveries Improved Significantly
Inventories Reduced by 1/3 and Realized Meaningful Cost Savings
Graphically…
This mini-case on Colgate-Palmolive shows the business value of ERP.
It was extremely successful program that improved corporate performance and made possible significant cost savings.
The case is further examined with an animated graphic on the next slide.

9. Enterprise Resource Planning
Colgate-Palmolive: The Business Value of ERP
Demand
Planning
Manufacturing
Planning
Logistics
Planning
Distribution
Planning
Order
Entry
Enterprise Resource Planning
PATIENTLY ALLOW TIME FOR ANIMATIONS TO WORK
Use the animated graphic to further explain the components and interrelationships in the Colgate-Palmolive ERP.
MRP
Inbound
Inventory
Plant Mgmt.
Purchasing
& Accounts
Payable
Manufacturing
& Production
Scheduling
Inventory
Control &
Warehousing
Distribution
& Accounts
Receivable
Suppliers
Customers
Finance and Accounting
Human Resources

10. Enterprise Resource Planning
Benefits of ERP
Quality and Efficiency
Decreased Costs
Decision Support
Enterprise Agility
Failures in ERP Do Exist
Continue the discussion of ERP citing the benefits that can be realized in quality, efficiency, and decreased costs.
Explain how ERP can enhance enterprise agility.
Make the point that failures do exist in ERP implementations.

11. Enterprise Resource Planning
Causes of ERP Failures
Underestimating the Complexity of Planning, Development, and Training Needed
Failure to Involve Affected Employees
Trying to do Too Much Too Fast
Over Reliance by Company on Claims of Software Companies
Continue the discussion of ERP citing the reasons for failures.
Underestimating the complexity of the project is a dominant theme.
Of particular interest should be noted the lack of human participation and training so that they would buy into the changed process.

12. CRM: The Business Focus
Supports an Integrated and Collaborative Relationship Between a Business and it’s Customers
Acquire
Enhance
Retain
Customer
Life Cycle
Direct Marketing
Cross-sell and Up-sell
Proactive Service
CRM Functional
Solutions
Sales Force Automation
Customer Support
PATIENTLY ALLOW TIME FOR ANIMATIONS TO WORK
This animated graphic demonstrates how CRM functional solutions and a CRM integrated solution address the stages in a customer's life cycle.
Take the time to explain each of the components and their actions.
The Internet
Shared
Customer Data
Collaborative
Service
CRM Integrated
Solution
Partner
Company
Customer

13. CRM: The Business Focus
CRM Uses IT to Create a Cross-Functional Enterprise System
Marketing and
Fulfillment
Customer
Service and
Support
Fax
Sales
Cross-Sell
Up-Sell
Prospect or
Employee
PATIENTLY ALLOW TIME FOR ANIMATIONS TO WORK
This animated graphic demonstrates how CRM uses IT to create a cross-functional enterprise system.
Explain each of the component parts and the roles they play.
Telephone
Web
Retention
and Loyalty
Programs
Contact and
Account
Management

14. CRM: The Business Focus
Benefits and Challenges of CRM
Identify and Target the Best Customers
Customization and Personalization of Products and Services
Track Customer Contacts
CRM Failures
50% of Applications Fail to Meet Expectations
20% of the Time CRM Damaged Customer Relationships
Lack of Understanding and Preparation is Blamed
This slide features the benefits and challenges of CRM along with problems of CRM failures.
It was useful in targeting prime customers and personalizing products and services to them.
CRM failures are significant in number and often are cited for damaging customer relationships.
The case blames a lack of understanding for the failures.

15. SCM: The Business Network
Supply Chain Management
SCM – A Top Strategic Objective for Many Firms
The Right Products
The Right Place
The Right Time
In the Proper Quantity
At an Acceptable Cost
Introduce and define supply chain management.
Demonstrate how SCM is designed to get the right product to the right place at the right time in the proper quantity at an acceptable cost.
Point out the savings in inventory carrying costs including storage, handling, as well as money invested.

16. SCM: The Business Network
Objective of SCM Efficiently Manages this Process by:
Forecasting Demand
Controlling Inventory
Enhancing Business Relationships
Receiving Feedback and Status of Every Link of the Chain
Continue discussion of SCM explaining how its objectives are managed by the system.
For example, forecasting demand, controlling inventory, etc., while receiving feedback at every step of the chain.

17. SCM: The Business Network
SCM Software Helps Firms Reengineer and Integrate The Functional SCM Processes
Commit
Schedule
Make
Deliver
Supply Chain
Life Cycle
Forecast and Demand Planning
SCM Functional
Processes
Strategic Sourcing
and Procurement
Customer Order Fulfillment Service
Distribution Network and Warehouse Operations
Production
Logistics
Transportation and Shipment
Management
PATIENTLY ALLOW TIME FOR ANIMATIONS TO WORK
This animated graphic shows how SCM functional processes and an SCM integrated solution address the supply chain life cycle.
Take the time to define and explain each of the component parts and their interrelationships.
The Internet
Shared
Market Data
Collaborative
Fulfillment
SCM Integrated
Solution
Supplier
Manufacturer
Retailer
Customer

18. SCM: The Business Network
Benefits and Challenges of SCM
More Accurate Order Processing
Reductions in Inventory Levels
Quicker Time to Market
Lower Costs
Strategic Relationships with Suppliers
Continue the discussion of SCM citing the benefits and challenges of its implementation.
Benefits on this slide include improved accuracy, lower inventories, quicker market response, lower costs, and improved relationships with suppliers…
Continued on next slide for challenges.

19. SCM: The Business Network
Benefits and Challenges of SCM
Lack of Proper Planning Knowledge, Tools, and Guidelines
Inaccurate Demand Forecasts
Lack of Adequate Collaboration
Software Itself Immature
Challenges of SCM include lack of proper planning knowledge, inaccurate demand forecast, lack of adequate collaboration, as well as the fact that the SCM software itself is immature.

20. SCM: The Business Network
Objectives of Supply Chain Management
Business Value Goals
Rapid Demand Fulfillment
Collaborative Supply
Chain Planning and
Execution
Customer Value Goals
Give customers what they
want, when and how they
want it, at the lowest cost
PATIENTLY ALLOW TIME FOR ANIMATIONS TO WORK
Use this animated graphic to demonstrate the objectives of supply chain management moving from Business Value Goals to Customer Value Goals.
The component parts are self explanatory.
Interenterprise
Coordination of
Manufacturing and
Business Process
Effective
Distribution and
Channel Partnerships
Responsiveness and
Accountability
to Customers

21. Enterprise Application Integration
Dell Computer: Enterprise Application Integration
Survey of 75 Related Companies Revealed 18 Different Software Packages
Lack of Integration Reduces Cost and Speed Savings that Might Be Realized
Use of WebMethods EAI to Coordinate Processes
New System Generated Cost Savings
Orders for Product Automatically Orders Parts
This mini-case on Dell Computer shows the results of their use of enterprise application integration.
They found over 75 related companies 18 different software packages where the lack of integration increases costs and decreases the efficiency.
Their move to EAI generated dramatic cost savings and significantly enhanced the speed for parts ordering.
It was a highly successful application demonstrated by the animated graphic on the next slide…

22. Enterprise Application Integration
Order Entry Method
Billing
Call Center
Finance
e - Mail
Fax
EAI
Web
Orders &
Fulfillment
Mail
PATIENTLY ALLOW TIME FOR ANIMATIONS TO WORK
This animated graphic shows how Dell Computer uses EAI to manage their organization regardless of order entry method.
Phone
Manufacturing
Routing
Shipping

23. Transaction Processing System
Capture and Process Transactions Immediately
Cable Company A
Cable Company B
Video
Server
San Francisco
New York
Video
Server
Host System
Host System
Phone System
The Internet
Syntellect Interactive Systems
Interactive
Voice Response
System
Fax
Servers
Web
Servers
PATIENTLY ALLOW TIME FOR ANIMATIONS TO WORK
This animated graphic demonstrates how transaction processing systems work following an example taken from the book.
Take the time to explain the role played by each of the components in the transactions examples.
Middleware
Communication
Servers
Database
Servers
Application
Servers
Communication
Servers

24. Transaction Processing Cycle
Capture and Processing Data, Updating Databases, and Produce Information Products
Document
and Report
Generation
Transaction
Processing
Batch
Online/
Real-Time
Data
Entry
PATIENTLY ALLOW TIME FOR ANIMATIONS TO WORK
The animated graphic demonstrates how the transaction processing cycle works.
The process moves from data entry through to data base maintenance and report generation.
Explain how the components relate to one another.
Database
Maintenance
Inquiry
Processing

25. Enterprise Collaboration Systems
ECS Enables Working Together by Helping Us to:
Communicate
Coordinate
Collaborate
Tools for Enterprise Collaboration…
Define enterprise collaboration systems (ECS).
Explain how ECS enables the working together by diverse units through communication, coordination and the use of collaborative tools.

26. Enterprise Collaboration Systems
Tools for Enterprise Collaboration
Enterprise
Collaboration
Systems
Electronic
Communications
Tools
Electronic
Conferencing
Tools
Collaborative
Work
Management
Tools
PATIENTLY ALLOW TIME FOR ANIMATIONS TO WORK
This animated graphic breaks down the tools for enterprise collaboration into their component parts, communications, conferencing, and work management.
Instant Messaging
Voice Mail
Faxing
Web Publishing
Paging
Data Conferencing
Voice Conferencing
Videoconferencing
Discussion Forums
Chat Systems
Electronic Meeting Systems
Calendaring and Scheduling
Task and Project Management
Workflow Systems
Document Sharing
Knowledge Management

27. Enterprise Collaboration Systems
QuickPlace by Lotus Development Collaborative Software Screenshot
This is a screen shot of collaborative software called QuickPlace by Lotus Development.

28. Enterprise Collaboration Systems
General Electric Co: Committed to Enterprise Collaboration
Committed to Lotus Tools – QuickPlace
QuickPlace-Web-based Work Spaces
Sametime (Real-time Online Meetings)
Tools Streamline Communication
18,000 QuickPlaces for 250,000 Users
This General Electric Company mini-case shows their commitment to enterprise collaboration.
GE selected Lotus Tools-QuickPlace to streamline their organizational communication into 18,000 QuickPlaces for 250,000 users.
It was a highly successful implementation.

29. Functional Business Systems
Examples of Functional Business Information Systems
Marketing
Customer relationship management
Interactive marketing
Sales force automation
Production
Operations
Human Resource
Management
Manufacturing resource planning
Manufacturing execution systems
Process control
Compensation analysis
Employee skills inventory
Personnel requirements forecasting
Functional
Business
Systems
PATIENTLY ALLOW TIME FOR ANIMATIONS TO WORK
Use the animated graphic to define and get examples of the functional business information systems.
Use the on screen data to explain the nature of the information being managed.
Order processing
Inventory control
Accounts receivable
Accounts payable
Payroll
General ledger
Cash management
Credit management
Investment management
Capital budgeting
Financial forecasting
Accounting
Finance

30. Marketing Information Systems
Marketing Systems
Marketing Information Systems
Market
Information
Systems
Interactive
Marketing
Sales Force
Automation
Customer
Relationship
Management
Sales
Management
PATIENTLY ALLOW TIME FOR ANIMATIONS TO WORK
Use the animated graphic to explain the components of a marketing information system.
Explain the roles played for each of the parts.
Market
Research and
Forecasting
Advertising
and Promotion
Product
Management

31. Five Major Components of Target Marketing
Marketing Systems
Five Major Components of Target Marketing
Online
Behavior
Demographic/
Psychographic
Community
PATIENTLY ALLOW TIME FOR ANIMATIONS TO WORK
Define and describe the five major components of target marketing using the animated graphic as each pie wedge enters individually.
Give examples of each of the types as you introduce the components.
Context
Content

32. Sales Force Automation Use of Computers and the Internet
Marketing Systems
Sales Force Automation
Use of Computers and the Internet
Improves the Delivery of Information
Support for Sales People Provides a Strategic Advantage in Sales and Marketing Responsiveness
Define the concept of sales force automation.
Explain the processes that can be automated, who is involved, and what the expected outcome will be.

33. Baker Tanks: Web-Based Sales Force Automation
Marketing Systems
Baker Tanks: Web-Based Sales Force Automation
Leader in Rentals of Industrial Containment
Foremost in Transfer Equipment
Serves Customers in Construction to Aerospace
Ineffective Access to Huge Data
Used Salesforce.com Web-based System - PDAs Connected for Data
Much Better Communication
Salespeople More Productive
This mini-case on Baker Tanks gives an example of a Web-based sales force automation effort.
Baker Tanks serves customers from construction to aerospace as a leader in rentals of industrial containment.
They had ineffective access to a huge amount of data and switched to Salesforce.com to link their team with PDAs .
The result was much better communication and significant enhanced productivity of the sales people.

34. Web-Based Salesforce.com Automation Package
Marketing Systems
Web-Based Salesforce.com Automation Package
This slide is a screen shot of the Salesforce.com Web-based automation package.

35. Manufacturing Systems
Computer-Integrated Manufacturing (CIM)
Simplify
Automate
Integrate
Flexible Manufacturing Systems
Agile Manufacturing
Total Quality Management
Computer-Aided Engineering (CAE)
Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAM)
Define and explain the role of computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM) in today's agile environment.
Explain how total quality management (TQM) is integrated along with computer-aided engineering (CAE) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM).

36. Manufacturing Systems
Resources
Planning Systems
Manufacturing
Execution
Systems
Engineering
Systems
Enterprise Resource Planning
Production
Forecasting
Scheduling
Material
Requirements
Planning
Capacity
Cost Control
Quality
Control
Shop Floor
Scheduling
Control
Machine Control
Robotics Control
Process Control
Computer-Aided
Engineering
Product
Simulation and
Prototyping
Design
Process Planning
PATIENTLY ALLOW TIME FOR ANIMATIONS TO WORK
Use this animated graphic to show how ERP and CIM are used to address manufacturing systems.
Take the time to explain the matrix nature of the systems.
Computer-Integrated Manufacturing

37. Human Resources Systems
Human Resource Information Systems
Recruitment, Selection, and Hiring
Job Placement
Performance Appraisals
Employee Benefits Analysis
Training and Development
Health, Safety, and Security
HRM and the Internet
HRM and Intranets
Explain how the human resource role can be facilitated through the use of information systems.
Take the time to go through each of the components of HR to identify potential problems that might arise without effective management.
Cite and give examples of how HRM can make use of intranets and the Internet.
Continued on next slide.

38. Human Resources Systems
Supports…
Staffing
Training and
Development
Compensation
Administration
Human resource planning
Labor force tracking
Succession planning
Performance appraisal planning
Contract costing
Salary forecasting
Strategic
Systems
Tactical
Operational
Labor cost analysis and budgeting
Turnover analysis
Training effectiveness
Career matching
Compensation effectiveness and equity analysis
Benefit preference analysis
PATIENTLY ALLOW TIME FOR ANIMATIONS TO WORK
Use the animated graphic to show how the components of HRS supports the roles played in human resources.
Recruiting
Workforce planning/
scheduling
Skill assessment
Performance evaluations
Payroll control
Benefits administration

39. Human Resources Systems
An Example of an Employee Hiring Review System
The screen shot shows an example of an employee hiring review system application.

40. Record and Report Business Transactions
Accounting Systems
Record and Report Business Transactions
Trace Flows of Funds Through a Business
Produce Financial Statements
Forecasts of Future Conditions
Projected Financial Statements
Financial Budgets
Define and give examples of accounting information systems.
Describe the nature and use of the documents and activities generated by such a system.
Emphasize the importance of this data in financial planning.
Continued on graphic on next slide…

41. Accounting Systems
Accounting Information Systems for Transaction Processing and Financial Reporting
Sales
Order
Processing
Billing
Accounts
Receivable
Cash
Receipts
General
Ledger
Financial
Reporting
Cash Receipts and Disbursements Transaction Processing System
General Ledger
Processing and Reporting System
Sales
Analysis
Accounts
Payable
Cash
Disburse-
ments
PATIENTLY ALLOW TIME FOR ANIMATIONS TO WORK
Use this animated graphic to explain the different roles and flow of information through an accounting information system.
Sales Transaction
Processing System
Purchases
Payroll
Purchases
Transaction
Processing
System
Payroll
Transaction
Processing
System
Inventory
Processing
Time-
keeping

42. Order Processing Inventory Control Accounts Receivable
Accounting Systems
Examples of Widely Used Accounting Information Systems
Order Processing
Inventory Control
Accounts Receivable
Accounts Payable
Payroll
General Ledger
Give examples of widely used accounting information systems in the roles called for by the steps in the slide; order processing, inventory control, etc.

43. An On-line Accounting Report
Accounting Systems
An On-line Accounting Report
This screen shot is an example of an on-line accounting report.

44. Financial Management Systems
Support Business Decision Makers in:
Financing a Business
The Allocation and Control of Financial Resources
Capital Budgeting
Financial Planning Software
Define and give examples of financial management systems.
Explain how such systems can aid business decision-makers in carrying out their normal functions.
Describe the capital budgeting process and how financial planning software can help.
Discussion continues on next slide.

45. Financial Management Systems
Important Financial Management Systems
Information
Systems in
Finance
Cash
Management
Investment
Management
Capital
Budgeting
Financial
Planning
PATIENTLY ALLOW TIME FOR ANIMATIONS TO WORK
Use this animated graphic to define and show the relationships in these important financial management systems.
Forecast and
Manage cash position
Manage short-term and other securities
Evaluate risk/return of capital expenditures
Forecast financial performance and financing needs

46. Financial Management Systems
Strategic Financial Planning
This is a screen shot of software application showing the result of strategic financial planning.

47. Cross-Functional Enterprise Systems
Summary
Cross-Functional Enterprise Systems
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP): The Business Backbone
Customer Relationship Management: The Business Focus
Supply Chain Management: The Business Network
Transaction Processing Systems
Functional Business Systems
Marketing
Manufacturing
Human Resource Management
Accounting and Finance

48. Sumber Materi PPT
O’Brien, James A. (2005). Introduction to Information Systems (12th Edition). McGraw – Hill. Bab 7. Official PPT.