1. Africa Unit

2. African Landforms

3. Plateau A huge plateau covers most of Africa, as a result it is known as the “Plateau Continent”
BLUE NILE IN THE ETHIOPEA PLATEAU

4. Africa also has many Basins, also called depressions.
CONGO BASIN

5. Africa's Major Rivers

6. Nile River Longest river in the World North Africa

7. Aswan High Dam on the Nile River (located in Egypt)

8. Niger River Major river in West Africa

9. The Niger River flows through the ancient city of Timbuktu.

10. Congo River Major river of Central Africa

11. Congo River flows through the rainforest of Central Africa.

12. Zambezi River & Victoria Falls Southern Africa Worlds most dangerous river

13. Rafting the Zambezi

16. The Great Rift Valley The Eastern part of Africa is pulling away from the rest of Africa. The rift valley stretches over 4,000 miles long.

17. Views of the Great Rift Valley

18. Lake Victoria Africa’s largest lake 2nd largest freshwater lake in the world

19. SHRINKING LAKE CHAD WILL BE 'PUDDLE'
LAKE CHAD, once the fourth-largest body of water in Africa, has shrunk by almost 95 per cent over the past 38 years, according to research sponsored by the US space agency Nasa. Worse, climate change and increasing demands for water have drained the lake to such an extent that it will shortly be nothing more than a “puddle”.

20. Africa contains mainly volcanic mountains like Mt
Africa contains mainly volcanic mountains like Mt. Kilimanjaro (Africa’s highest peak)

21. Due to global warming, the mountains glaciers on the top are slowly melting. (There will be no more ice on the top in less than 10 years)

22. The Atlas mountains in Northwest Africa are the continents longest mountain chain

23. The Great Escarpment of Southern Africa

24. An escarpment is a steep slope with a nearly flat plateau on top.

25. Sahara Largest Desert in the world dominates Northern Africa

26. Sahel Area Is the shore of the Sahara desert The process in which arable land turns into desert is called (Desertification)

27. Kalahari Large desert in Southern Africa
Bushman tribes of the Kalahari

28. 90 % of Africa lies within the Tropic of Cancer & Capricorn

29. Tropical grasslands cover most of the continent of Africa

30. A famous tropical grassy plain in Africa is the Serengeti, home to many National Wildlife Parks

31. Most of the rain forest of Africa lie along the equator
The great tropical rainforests of Africa are some of the most species-rich natural habitats in the world. Powered by sunlight, heat, and abundant rainfall, these ancient, complex ecosystems teem with life, providing homes to a unique assemblage of plants, animals, and fungi, most of which are found nowhere else on earth.

32. Northern Africa Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt & Sudan

33. Make a pilgrimage to Mecca
Northern African countries are mostly Arabic people they follow the Islamic Religion
Pray 5 times a day
Fast during Ramadan
Believe in one god and Mohamed was his last prophet
Pay alms to the needy
Make a pilgrimage to Mecca

34. The economies of N. Africa is dominated by Oil

35. Major Cities of Northern Africa

36. Cairo Egypt

37. Alexandria Egypt Originally founded by Alexsander the Great

38. Casablanca Morocco

39. West Africa Nigeria, Mali, Chad, Liberia, Senegal, Ghana, Sierra Leone

40. Bantu Migration
The Bantu originated in the north western area that they now occupy. Their migration throughout Africa is one of the largest migrations in human history. This migration began in about 1000 BC and continued until the 3rd or 4th century AD.

41. Slave Trade
Started in the 15th century and lasted until European powers used the slaves to fill their need for labors. Most slaves were from West & Central Africa.

42. Liberia was developed by former slaves from America
Liberia was developed by former slaves from America. The capital Monrovia was named after President James Monroe.

43. Nigeria is Africa’s most populated country

44. Cameroon/Central African Republic /Democratic Republic of Congo/Gabon

45. Colonialsim
In the 19th and 20th centuries the Belgians and French colonized central Africa.

46. Effects from colonialism in Africa
European colonial powers established political boundaries in the region that —
strengthened European rule in the region
set African groups against one another
split apart similar language and ethnic groups

47. It is believed that much of Africa’s political violence and ethnic conflicts during the 20th century were caused by European colonization

48. Southern Africa
Angola/ Zambia/ Malawi/ Zimbabwe/ Namibia/ South Africa/ Mozambique/ Madagascar/ Lesotho/ Swaziland

49. Gold Trading Spans Great Zimbabwe
From the 1200s to the 1400s Great Zimbabwe became the capitol of a thriving gold-trading area.

50. Apartheid in South Africa

51. AIDS in Southern Africa out of control

52. Eastern Africa Kenya, Tanzania, Somalia, Ethiopia, Uganda, Rwanda, Djibouti

53. Olduvai Gorge Located in Tanzania, it’s a place where archaeologist have discovered many fossils of Homo Habilis (early humans)

54. Berlin Conference 1884, European Powers divided up Africa & spit many ethnic groups apart.

55. East Africa countries rely on cash crops such as tea, coffee & sugar.

56. Growing cash crops decreases the amount of farmland used, so East Africa has had large scale famine for many years.

57. Masai Major ethnic group who live in Kenya & Tanzania