1. Health Occupations Tissues

2. Cells of the same type form together for a common purpose 60 – 99% water with various dissolved substances Dehydration – not enough tissue fluid Edema – too much tissue fluid

3. Types of tissue Epithelial tissue –Covers body surface –Mainly skin –Lines respiratory, intestinal, circulatory, & urinary tract –Also in glands to produce secretions

4. Types of tissue Connective Tissue –Support organs & other body parts Soft – adipose or fatty tissue –Stores fat –Insulates body –Acts as padding –Fibrous – ligaments, tendons »Holds body structures together Hard – cartilage & bone –Cartilage – »Tough elastic material found between bones of spine & ends of long bones »Acts as shock absorber & allows flexibility »Nose, ears, larynx – provides shape & form

5. Types of tissue Hard connective tissue –Bone Has calcium salts, nerves, blood vessels Called osseous tissue Helps to form body’s rigid structure Liquid connective tissue – vascular –Blood Carries nutrients & oxygen to cells Carries wastes & carbon dioxide away –Lymph Transports tissue fluid, protein, fat, & other materials from tissues to the circulatory system

6. Types of tissue Nerve tissue –Made up of neurons –Controls & coordinates body activities by transmitting messages through body –Nerves, brain, spinal cord Muscle tissue –Produces power & movement by contracting muscle fibers –Types Skeletal – attaches to bones, allows body movement Cardiac – causes heart to beat Visceral – present in walls of respiratory, digestive, urinary tracts & blood vessels

7. Systems of the body Organs – 2 or more tissues joined together to perform a specific function System – organs & body parts joined together to perform a specific function Cells combine = tissue Tissues combine = organs Organs & parts combine = system

8. Systems of the body Integumentary –Protects body from injury, infection, dehydration –Regulates body temp –Eliminates wastes –Produces Vitamin D –Organs – skin, sweat/oil glands, nails, hair

9. Body Systems Skeletal –Creates body framework –Protects internal organs –Produces blood cells –Acts as lever for muscles –Organs – bones, cartilage

10. Body Systems Muscular –Produces movement –Protects internal organs –Produces body heat –Maintains posture –Organs – Skeletal muscle Smooth muscle cardiac muscle

11. Body Systems Nervous –Coordinates activities –Controls body activities –Organs – Nerves Brain Spinal cord

12. Body Systems Special Senses –Allow body to react to environment –Provides sight, hearing, taste, smell, & balance –Organs – Eye Ear Nose Tongue Sense receptors

13. Body Systems Circulatory –Carries oxygen & nutrients to body cells –Carries waste & carbon dioxide away from body cells –Produces cells to fight infection –Organs – Heart Blood vessels Blood spleen

14. Body Systems Lymphatic –Carries some tissue fluid & wastes to blood –Assists with fighting infection –Organs – Lymph nodes Lymph vessels Spleen Thymus Tonsils

15. Body Systems Respiratory –Breathes in oxygen –Breathes out carbon dioxide –Organs – Nose Pharynx Larynx Trachea Bronchi Lungs

16. Body Systems Digestive –Digests food physically & chemically –Transports food –Absorbs nutrients –Eliminates waste –Organs Mouth Salivary glands Pharynx Esophagus Stomach Intestine Liver Gall bladder pancreas

17. Body Systems Urinary –Filters blood –Maintains fluid balance –Maintains electrolyte balance –Produces & eliminates urine –Organs Kidneys Ureters Bladder Urethra

18. Body Systems Endocrine –Produces hormones –Secretes hormones –Regulates body processes –Organs Pituitary Thyroid Parathyroid Adrenal Thymus Pancreas Ovaries Testes

19. Body Systems Reproductive –Provides for reproduction –Organs Male –Testes, epidiymis –Vas deferens, urethra –Ejaculatory duct, –Seminal vesicles, –Prostate gland, penis Female –Ovaries, fallopian tubes –Uterus, vagina, breasts

20. Body Planes Imaginary lines drawn through the body at various points to separate body into sections Types Transverse or axial Midsaggital or median Frontal or coronal

21. Transverse plane Horizontal, divides body in top half & bottom half –Superior – body parts above other parts –Inferior – body parts below other parts –Cranial – towards head –Caudal – body parts near sacral region or tail

22. Midsaggital or Median plane Vertical, divides body into right & left –Medial – near midline –Lateral – away from midline –Proximal – close to midline –Distal – away from midline

23. Frontal or coronal plane Divides body into front & back –Ventral – front side or stomach side –Dorsal – back side –Anterior – front side or stomach side –Posterior – back side

24. Cavities of the body Cranial –Brain Spinal –Spinal column Thoracic –Esophagus, trachea, –Bronchi, lungs, heart –Large blood vessels

25. Cavities of the body Abdominal –Stomach, liver, –Small intestine –Most of large intestine –Appendix, gall bladder –Pancreas, spleen Pelvic –Urinary bladder, –Reproductive organs –Last of large intestine

26. Abdominal cavity So large that it is divided up into quadrant or region

27. Right hypo chond riac Epi gastric Left Hypo Chond riac Right lumbar Umbili cal Left lumbar Right iliac Hypo gastric Left iliac