1. Kelln Solar The Power of the Future Wind & Solar in Saskatchewan Now and To Come… University of Regina Sustainable Energy Symposium 17 March 2008

2. 2 2 2 Outline  Energy Forms – ‘Energy 101’  Wind & Solar – The Here and Now  Wind & Solar – The Potential  Wind & Solar – What’s Required  Renewable Energy – Making It Work

3. 3 3 3 Energy Forms ‘Energy 101’ ‘Energy 101’

4. 4 4 4Non-Renewables  Uranium – natural- occurring material which is used to create electrical energy by fission (splitting of the nucleus)  Fossil Fuels – materials which we combust and which were created millions of years ago by the compression of natural material into hydrocarbon reserves of what we know as: coal, crude oil, natural gas, and tar sands

5. 5 5 5 Co-generation  Using otherwise waste energy from one function to provide energy for another function  For example, using waste heat from an ice plant to heat a rink and/or other buildings  Or, using heat from an electrical generator to provide energy for a heating application

6. 6 6 6 Renewable Energies Those forms of energy which are considered to be relatively infinite in supply, as long as there is sunlight, including: Those forms of energy which are considered to be relatively infinite in supply, as long as there is sunlight, including:  Biomass – plant material used to create fuel, either burned as solid fuel such wood, straw, grain pellets, or more refined forms, such as ethanol and bio-diesel.

7. 7 7 7 More Renewables  Hydro – energy which is used directly by powering water wheels to do work (i.e.- old grain mills) or indirectly to produce electricity through the use of turbines.  Tidal – energy created by capturing the large movement of water in tides.

8. 8 8 8 More Renewables  Solar – energy which is derived directly from the capturing of the sun’s rays (thermal or electrical energy)  Wind – energy which is derived from the movement of air caused by the heating of the sun (mechanical or electrical energy)

9. 9 9 9 Wind – Forms of Use  Mechanical – used to directly drive such things as windmills for grain milling, water pumping, or aeration in water bodies  Electrical – used to generate electricity

10. 10 10 10 Solar Energy – Forms of Use  Thermal – using the sun’s infra-red radiation directly, or indirectly, to provide heat  Electrical – transferring energy from the sun’s light spectrum into useable electrical power.

11. 11 11 11 Solar Thermal Energy  Passive Use – direct heating by the sun’s rays striking an object (i.e. – a rock, dark object, or as in heating a room using a window)  Active Use - indirect use of the sun’s heat through the use of solar collectors and mechanical means of heat distribution.

12. 12 12 12 Abundant Renewables for Saskatchewan  Biomass – large area with many arable acres. Ethanol and bio-diesel are under development  Wind– among the best resource availability in the world.  Solar – even with short winter days, and especially with our long summer days, with our clear skies we have great insolation

13. 13 13 13 Wind & Solar The Here and Now The Here and Now

14. 14 14 14 Wind Energy  We are highly dependent on fossil-fuel generated energy - in Saskatchewan, about 60-70% of electrical power comes from coal, and 10-15% from natural gas, balance from hydro and wind  Wind energy production represents less than 5% of current power

15. 15 15 15 Solar Energy - Passive  Sometimes by design, more often by happenstance, our buildings are heated in part directly by the sun on a daily basis  Passive Solar energy – hard to measure but already an important contribution  Well designed residences can get at least 1/3 heating from passive solar

16. 16 16 16 Solar Energy - Active  For heating we rely mostly on natural gas with some use of electricity  Solar energy – both electrical and thermal production is so small currently as to be almost unmeasurable

17. 17 17 17 Wind & Solar The Potential The Potential

18. 18 18 18 Wind and Solar – The Potential  We have more insolation (sunlight reaching the earth) in Saskatchewan than Germany or Japan or Spain  We have among the best wind opportunities in the world - more wind potential than Denmark, which produces about 25% of its power by wind

19. 19 19 19 Wind and Solar – The Potential  Energy Conservation  Solar Pool Heating  Solar – Domestic Hot Water  Wind Generation  Solar – Space Heating  Solar Electric

20. 20 20 20 Wind & Solar What’s Required What’s Required

21. 21 21 21 Wind & Solar – What’s Required  The previous SK Government Green Plan had a target of 20% of all our energy requirements (for electrical and heating needs) to be met by renewables by 2030.  We need to move forward aggressively now to meet even that target, which other jurisdictions plan to meet by 2020.

22. 22 22 22 Wind & Solar – What’s Required The Plain Fact  Only if we reduce our use of energy in general, will renewables - including wind and solar - be able to make a significant percentage of our energy used.  Of the three ‘R’s – Reduce is the first

23. 23 23 23 Wind & Solar – What’s Required Remember this, if nothing else: $1 in Energy Conservation = $3-$5 in Energy Generation

24. 24 24 24 Wind & Solar – What’s Required  We need to have de-centralized small scale energy producers throughout the province – some providing energy/heat for their own needs and some providing power to the grid  These can be in the form of solar thermal or solar electrical or independent wind producers

25. 25 25 25 Wind & Solar – What’s Required  Sask Power needs to be a positive partner in the progress of wind and solar power  Sask Power needs to be pro-active in charting what areas can accept what kind of de-centralized power production using existing infrastructure

26. 26 26 26 Wind & Solar – What’s Required  Net-metering instituted in September 07 – means small-scale power producers (under 100 Kw) can deduct their production from their consumption and pay for the difference (the net amount)

27. 27 27 27 Wind & Solar – What’s Required  25% Grants for installed small-scale power producers need to be extended and enlarged (was $300,000 to end of this prov. fiscal year)

28. 28 28 28 Wind – What’s Required  Currently, wind power is mostly owned by Sask Power and located in south-east Saskatchewan  Ownership will need to be broadened and also the locations of wind generators to capture varying wind potentials

29. 29 29 29 Solar – What’s Required  There are currently funds for solar hot water systems for existing residential application – about 15-25% of installed costs  2 panel system (4ft x 8 ft panels) can reduce DHW heating costs by 60%  Incentives must be larger at first to reach a critical mass of acceptance

30. 30 30 30 Solar Thermal – What’s Required  There are currently funds for solar pool heating and solar hot water systems for institutions and businesses – 25% federal and 25% provincial  There needs to be more promotion of the solar hot water program in particular

31. 31 31 31 Solar Electrical– What’s Required  To make solar electrical production happen will require a substantial drop in $/watt for solar electrical panels or high feed-in tariffs  Ontario pays $0.42 per KwHr for solar- generated power (note: Sask Power retail rate is about $0.09 per KwHr) – saves them on deferred infrastructure costs

32. 32 32 32 Renewable Energy Making It Work Making It Work

33. 33 33 33 Renewable Energy – Making It Work  Educate individuals, communities and businesses – create a new (old) conservation ethic around the use of energy  Inform people about energy conservation and sustainable energy programs through effective advertising and promotion

34. 34 34 34 Renewable Energy – Making It Work  Eliminate the provincial sales tax on energy conservation products and renewable energy installations  Develop incentives/ disincentives programs i.e. – carbon tax, targeted grant programs, higher feed-in tariffs

35. 35 35 35 Renewable Energy – Making It Work  Develop skills programs in educational institutions  Develop a new renewable energy industry and make Saskatchewan a leader in renewable energy skills and adoption

36. 36 36 36 Renewable Energy – Making It Work  Develop programs for energy upgrading of existing building stock  Require new construction/production to incorporate extreme energy-efficiency

37. 37 37 37 Renewable Energy – Making It Work  Require new construction to incorporate passive solar features through siting and building features  Require new construction to incorporate renewable energy systems, or at least to accommodate future renewable energy installations.

38. 38 38 38 Renewable Energy – Making It Work 66 KwHr Grid-TiedWindMachineFortBattlefordHistoricSite

39. 39 39 39 Renewable Energy – Making It Work 9.0 Kw SolarElectricGrid-Tied FortBattlefordHistoricSite

40. 40 40 40 Renewable Energy – Making It Work SolarPoolHeatingAssiniboiaSK

41. 41 41 41 SolarHotWaterCypressHillsProv.Park

42. 42 42 42 Outline  Energy Forms – ‘Energy 101’  Wind & Solar – The Here and Now  Wind & Solar – The Potential  Wind & Solar – What’s Required  Renewable Energy – Making It Work

43. 43 43 43 For Things Solar ….. Contact Kelln Solar 731-2224 (Lumsden SK) or go to or go toinfo@kellnsolar.com Kelln Solar The Power of the Future