1. Chapter 19 Physical Geography of Africa South of the Sahara
7th Grade Geography

2. Section 1
Physical Features

3. Africa South of the Sahara
2.5 times bigger than the United States

4. Madagascar
Largest island off mainland.

5. Plateaus
Most of the land consists of high plateaus.

6. Escarpments Steep, jagged cliffs.
Create waterfalls on many African rivers.

7. The Congo Basin
Largest lowland

8. Ethiopian Highlands Kilimanjaro: Highest Mountain in Africa Mt. Kenya
Located in East Africa

9. Drakensberg Range
Southern Africa
Barrier of Pointed Spears

10. The Great Rift Valley Natural wonder of East Africa.
Formed by shifting tectonic plates.

11. Waterways

12. Lakes
Most are found in the Great Rift Valley

13. Longest freshwater lake in the world.
Lake Tanganyika

14. Lake Victoria Africa’s largest lake.
2nd largest freshwater lake in the world.

15. Lake Chad
Changes size every year.
From 10,000-3,800 square miles.

16. Escarpments prevent use for shipping.
Rivers

17. Congo River
More than 30 waterfalls on it.
Found in Congo Basin

18. Zambezi River
Forms Victoria Falls.

19. Resources
This region has many resources.

20. Oil
Principal export in many coastal countries.

21. Found in Central Africa
Natural Gas

22. Coal
Found in Nigeria and DRC.

23. Hydroelectric
Result of the many fast rivers.

24. Iron Ore
Large deposits in Zimbabwe.

25. Uranium
Used to make nuclear weapons

26. Half of the world’s gold and diamonds here.
South Africa

27. Section 2
Climate Regions

28. Mainly found in tropics.
Receives year-round direct sunlight

29. Rainforests
Dense stands of trees found along the Equator.

30. Ecotourism
Preserves rainforests and boosts economies.

31. Savanna Grasslands with scattered woods.
Elephants, lions, giraffes found here.

32. Steppe
Rainfall is scarce.
Clearing trees leads to desertification.

33. The Kalarahi Desert
Sandy desert in Southern Africa

34. The Namib Desert
Rocky desert along southwestern coast.

35. Mediterranean Climate
Southwestern Africa