1. New Crossroads Transitions & Transformations Science Librarians in the 21st Century Mary M. Case University of Illinois at Chicago

2. Overview The crisis in transition Transformative changes Future roles for librarians

4. Sticker Shock: $12,495 http://www.englib.cornell.edu/displays/stickershock/default.html OR

5. Includes Primary & Secondary STM publishing. Aggregators represent an additional $1.6 billion (Total: $9.5 billion.) Source: Outsell Inc., "Industry Trends, Size and Players in the Scientific, Technical & Medical (STM) Market (Aug. 2000). Commercialization

6. Elsevier Science

7. Price per Page Source: Carl Bergstrom, [octavia.zoology.washington.edu/ publishing/pageprice_table.html]

8. Price per Citation Source: Carl Bergstrom, [octavia.zoology.washington.edu/ publishing/pageprice_table.html]

9. Biomedical Titles 1988-1998 Source: Mark McCabe, ARL 207

10. We’re able to access more through Consortia deals E-only access Bundles We continue to spend more Lower cost-per-subscription

11. Median Journal Prices All Subjects Source: White & Creaser, Oct. 2004

12. Scholarly Journal Prices, White & Creaser, Oct. 2004 Median prices of Humanities and Social Sciences titles tend to be lower than those in other subject categories. Overall, there is little evidence of a relationship between impact factor and price of biomedical journals. No evidence was found to suggest that different rates of price increases had prevailed in the 1990s compared with those experienced after 2000. There is some evidence of the application of ‘blanket’ price increases by some publishers across the range of titles and subjects.

13. Transformative Trends Open/Public Access Mass Digitization Federated Searching Disciplinary Changes “Digital Natives”

14. Open Access Defining open access: Open access articles are freely available immediately upon publication “to anyone, anywhere, to download, print, distribute, read, and use without charge or other restrictions, as long as proper attribution of authorship is maintained.” PLoS Biology, v.1, no. 1, p. 1 Available on the public internet for reading and citation at some interval after publication Open access could transform science by making it possible to navigate, integrate, mine, annotate, and map connections in the literature

15. Advantages of Open Access Expanded access to research Expanded impact of research Reduced systemic cost Accelerated innovation Lawrence, Steve (2001). “Free online availability substantially increases a paper's impact.” Nature, Vol. 411, No. 6837, p. 521

16. Public Access NIH New Public Access Policy Grant recipients & NIH researchers Deposit in PMC within 12 mos of publication Request Wellcome Trust (UK) Grant recipients Deposit in PMC or UK PMC within 6 mos of publication Requirement

17. Open Access Journals DOAJ = 1600+ titles Quality assessments PLOS Biology - impact factor #1 in general biology journals BMC titles increasing in rankings, with 5 in the top 5 of their specialties Open source software options for journal publishing

18. Digital Repositories Increasing implementation of institutional repositories Disciplinary vs. Institutional Not incompatible Virtual disciplinary communities Virtual journals Content, policies, marketing E-publishing software integrated with IR’s

19. Other Trends Mass Digitization Federated Searching Big Science “Digital Natives”

20. Roles for Librarians Educators/advocates for Change Agents for Dissemination & Archiving Institutional repositories Electronic publishing infrastructure Facilitating Pubmed Central deposit Distributed print repositories Monitors of disciplinary, technological, demographic changes Partners in Research and Teaching On research teams Online & blended learning design, implementation, & support

21. Roles for Librarians Contributors of unique resources to global digital library Process hidden collections Digitize unique and special collections Organizers and quality filterers of information Simple, effective search engines Clear and easy-to-interpret interfaces Humans connecting humans with information and technology

22. Challenges Integration/compatibility of various systems - seamless integration Metadata creation Archiving, archiving, archiving Developing staff with appropriate skills