1. Colonization
Individual versus National

2. WhoExplored?
Dutch
English
French
Spanish
Scandinavian

4. Why Explore? Effects Competition between nations Desire for wealth
Spread of Christianity
Destruction of Native American empires
French and Indian War
Disease
Columbian Exchange
Good brought from Europe; goods brought back from the Americas
Colonies in America established
Slavery in America (grows)

6. Why did Great Britain explore?
Colonization
Why did Great Britain explore?

7. Why the British explored…
Search for wealth (wealth=power)
Mercantilism
Earning wealth through trade (GB huge population with few resources, America few people with great resources)
Collect resources/raw materials send them to GB for manufacturing turn them into finished goods and resell them to colonies
Political Strength
Becoming/maintaining world power status
Religious freedom
Pilgrims/Puritans

8. MERCANTILISM
An economic system based on the belief that a country could only be rich if ________ continually _________into its economy and its government ___________.
Great Britain saw the colonies as a source of wealth. They wanted that wealth to flow back to Great Britain. It was always the colonists’ duty to ship most of the gold, silver, or other resources found in the colony back to Great Britain.
For about 300 years, most of the natural resources gathered in the Americas were sent to Europe.

9. Practicing Mercantilism
As you view the following pictures, take the point of view of Great Britain and ask this question, “What’s in it for me?”

10. Remember to think – how can I make money off of this place?

13. What did the South offer to Great Britain?
What does this mean for Great Britain in the big picture?
Long growing season
Fertile, vacant land
Sun
Access to ports/water
Freedom of religion (Maryland)
What will the South need more of to meet Great Britain’s demands?

14. When people think of Southern Plantations they usually think of . . .

15. Economy of southern colonies
Plantations (really big farms)
Tobacco, cotton, indigo, rice,
Required labor: indentured servants (not slaves)
As the demand for cash crops increased (industrial revolution, desire for American tobacco), what happened to the demand for labor?
Slave trade developed
By 1750 slaves were the main source of labor on southern plantations
What is an indentured servant?
As demand for cash crops increased, why not just get more indentured servants? (more expensive than slaves)
Was the South the only colonial region that used slaves? Explain.

16. GOING DEEP into the economy of southern colonies
Use the following pages in your text book to answer the questions below: pages 58 – 60 , pages 62 and 63, page 74
Other than America, where else were slaves used?
Before there were slaves from Africa, who were used as slaves?
Were slaves only used in the South? Explain your answer.
Why did colonists turn to Africa for slaves?
What is the difference between a slave and an indentured servant?

17. Students Will Be Able To . . .
Understand how Great Britain’s demand for raw materials leads to the rise of port cities.
Understand how the rise of port cities leads to the demand for skilled laborers.
Understand how port cities become a doorway for diversity.

18. Review of Southern Colonies
England saw the long growing season and rich, fertile land of the Southern Colonies and knew it would be a great spot to grow wheat and corn.
In order to meet Great Britain’s demand for raw materials, plantations grew.
A great amount of labor was needed to work on the plantations. At first Mexicans were used until later, when indentured servants were used because they did not have to be paid.
Consequently, everyone in the South owned a plantation and slaves.

19. Examine the following pictures of topics related to the New England colonies.
Based on your previous knowledge identify the pictures and explain their significance.

20. NEW ENGLAND COLONIES
Picture of . . .
Why it’s important

21. Picture of the Mayflower
It brought Pilgrims to Plymouth (New England Colonies)

22. Pilgrims on the Mayflower signing the Mayflower Compact
Early form of self government

23. Pilgrim/Puritan
Bible represents how they came for religious freedom
Gun represents the need for protection and/or hunting for food

24. Picture of the New England coastline
Represents how the soil of New England was rocky so many turned to the sea for a living

25. Picture of the first Thanksgiving
Important because we still celebrate it today
Important because it shows evidence of the relationship between the Indians and the New England colonists

26. Picture of a New England port city
Important because it shows the commerce occurring and what else came to a city on the boats from New England

27. What did the New England colonies offer Great Britain?
Ports
Timber
Whale oil
Fisheries
Religious freedom (reformation)
What does this mean for Great Britain in the big picture?

28. New England Economy Trade Raw materials Whale oil, fish, timber/lumber
Natural resources (shipped to GB); manufactured (in GB) and sold back to the colonies
Mercantilism
Ask students to explain the importance of selling manufactured goods back to the colonies

29. LABOR NEEDS

30. LABOR NEEDS Southern colonies have plantations and need slaves
Middle Colonies have farming of staple crops and need laborers
New England colonies have ports/cities creating a demand for skilled professionals

31. New England Community Skilled Professionals such as . . .
Merchants, fishermen, ship builders, lumberjacks, blacksmiths, printers, weavers
Diversity among colonists (home country)
Wealth
Education
Languages
Religion

32. WRAP UP!
Based on what you just learned, write down this cause and effect chain and fill in the boxes appropriately.
Great Britain wanted from the New England colonies so the colonists had to build
for which they needed who added to the
of the New England colonies.
Great Britain wanted raw goods from the New England colonies so the colonists had to build port cities/ships
for which they needed skilled professionals who added to the diversity of the New England colonies.

33. Look again . . . Trading Ship building Buying and selling
Foreigners with new ideas and new knowledge
Need for skilled laborers
Merchants

34. New England Community Mayflower - 1620 Mayflower Compact
Legal contract that all agreed to have fair law as to protect the general good (of the community)
Attempt at self-government (first in colonies)

35. New England Community
Why was there no government for the colonies? What government had they been used to?
Where was the King?
First to establish local government that included…
Court system
Representative government (elections)

36. New England Community
Why was there no government for the colonies? What government had they been used to?
Where was the King?
First to establish local government that included…
Court system
Representative government (elections)

37. New England Community Religion and government closely tied together
What makes that different from today’s US society?
Separation of Church and State
Government leaders were also church leaders
Where do you think the government leaders found their voters/followers?

38. Great Migration Religious escape (1620-1640) Puritans Pilgrims
Wanting to purify the Church of England
Boston, Massachusetts
Pilgrims
Wanting to separate from the Church of England
Plymouth, Massachusetts

39. New England Community

40. New England Community
If we are going to survive as a community, we must…
Be family oriented
Have women and children involved
Maintain faith in religion
Provide education
Why is this a need? Read what?

41. Education John Harvard – 1636 William and Mary College – 1693
Boston, Massachusetts
William and Mary College – 1693
Virginia

42. New England embraced the opportunity to learn from Native Americans
Will you teach us how to grow crops?
Absolutely, in exchange for resources and finished goods.

43. Thanksgiving
Exchange of information, techniques, tools (Native Americans/Colonists)
Celebration of successful harvest
Survival of the new colony

44. What did the Middle colonies offer to Great Britain?
Blend of New England and Southern colonies
Staple crops
Wheat, barley, oats (grains)
Trade (beaver pelts) and hunting (deer)
Mining (iron, coal)
Minimal slave labor
Let’s head north to the Middle Colonies. What four colonies made up the middle colonies?
How do you think the Middle Colonies got its name “The Bread Basket Colonies”?
The Middle Colonies are also known for being the home of the Quakers. What do you know about the Quakers?
What does this mean for Great Britain in the big picture?

45. Middle Colonies Community Quakers
Equality of men and women
Nonviolence
Religious tolerance

46. Penn’s Woods: Pennsylvania
William Penn
Establish a safe home for Quakers
Equality of men and women
Nonviolence
Religious tolerance

47. Penn’s Woods: Pennsylvania
1681 granted a charter by King Charles II
Penn limited his own power
Created an elected assembly (representative self-government)
Capital: Philadelphia- City of Brotherly Love (Philadelphia Freedom – Elton John)
Largest colonial city
Make the connection between the Quaker philosophy and the fact that William Penn, a Quaker, named the capital “The City of Brotherly Love”