1. In Dialogue with the Web Torbjörn Lager, Dept. of Philosophy, Linguistics and Theory of Science University of Gothenburg

2. The web? The web of documents The web of people The web of data The web of things

3. Interaction with the Good Ol' Web The web browser – a window to the web Browsing (clicking links) Searching (filling in forms, clicking buttons) Interacting with a web application (all of the above plus dragging, dropping, selecting, etc.) A direct manipulation style of interaction

4. Dialogue (Conversation) A form of interaction, between at least two agents, often, but not always, for the purpose of exchanging information. Has the form of a (fairly rapid) exchange of (fairly short) written or spoken utterances in natural language (often supplemented by gestures)

5. In Dialogue with the Web Today

6. Chat Rooms

7. Digital Assistants http://www.ikea.com/se/

8. VoiceXML – a part of the Web Web servers VoiceXML browser (ASR, TTS, interpreter) Voice XML HTML browser HTML

9. VoiceXML example Thanks for calling Frank's pizza palace. May I have your phone number please? I heard. Is this correct?

10. SRGS example I would like a pizza with out.size = rules.size; out.type = rules.type; out.topping = rules.topping; out.size = rules.size ;... small medium large big out = 'large'; hand tossed cheese crusted

11. VoiceXML Demo Frank's Pizza Palace

12. In Dialogue with the Web Tomorrow?

15. More likely (in my view) A web of agents (human and artificial agents) Why? The web will never become a consistent body of knowledge The "beliefs" of artificial agents will vary as much as the beliefs of human agents So we will need to be in dialogue with more than one of them, and sometimes with more than one at a time Multi-party dialogue The web of things will be involved as well. But things are things, not agents...

16. How? The big picture...

17. Key Fields and Notions Knowledge representation Interaction management Natural language processing Open standards Formal foundations Modelling techniques and methodologies

18. The Web of Data Coldplay Band Palo Alto City Jane Person IBM Company Dave Person Bob Person Design Team Group Stanford Alumnae Group IBM.com Web Site 123.JPG Photo Dave.com Weblog Sue Person Joe Person Dave.com RSS Feed Lives in Publisher of Friend of Depiction of Member of Married to Member of Member of Fan of Lives in Subscriber to Source of Author of Member of Employee of Fan of

19. Linked Data

20. Interaction Management Interaction is a key notion here – The interaction between human and system (agent) – The interaction between different loosely coupled components of a single system (agent) – The interaction between one system (agent) and another – The interaction between human users of the web, mediated by a system Handle these forms of interaction in a uniform way? Interaction managers specified in Statecharts and SCXML

22. Flashlight statechart

24. Desktop calculator 24

25. Open standards For representing information/knowledge: – RDF, RDFS, OWL, SWRL For specifying interaction: – SCXML

26. Flashlight Statechart in SCXML

27. Foundations RDF, RDFS, OWL and SWRL are based on logic SCXML is based on the theory of state machines – states, transitions between states, triggered by events

28. Natural Language Processing Page intentionally left blank...

29. Modelling Knowledge engineers Interaction designers (Computational) linguists

30. Spyderbrain Technologies http://spyderbrain.ling.gu.se

31. Thanks!