1. Speaking Effectively

2. Overview What is the purpose of learning to speak effectively?
How do you prepare to speak?
What are the types of speaking?
What are methods of presentation?
Chapter 2, Lesson 3

3. Overview What are ways of organizing a presentation?
What are ways to use visual support?
What are presentation skills?
Why is it important to practice your speech?
Giving your speech
Chapter 2, Lesson 3

4. Quick Write Think about a change you’d make in your school
if you were in charge
Write down your idea in a sentence and list three or four good reasons why you’d make
that change if you could
Then arrange the supporting points as you would if you had to make a short speech in class about your suggested change
Chapter 2, Lesson 3

5. Speaking
Speaking to an audience in public is one of the oldest forms of human communication
An orator is someone who is known for his or her skill and power as a public speaker
Chapter 2, Lesson 3
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6. Fear of Public Speaking
Speaking in front of a group is by far most people’s greatest fear
The ability to speak well in front of a group is one of the qualities people admire most
It is an ability that will serve you well
Chapter 2, Lesson 3
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7. Fear of Public Speaking
The person who can communicate ideas clearly has a greater chance of personal and professional success
Chances are that someone will eventually ask you to speak before an audience
Learning the fundamentals of speaking can help you conquer your fear
Chapter 2, Lesson 3

8. Six Steps for Effective Communication
Analyze purpose and audience
Research your topic
Support your ideas
Organize and outline
Draft and edit
Fight for feedback
Chapter 2, Lesson 3

9. Purpose and Audience Know what your purpose is:
To inform
To persuade
To entertain
Analyze the listeners in your audience
Background, expectations, knowledge of topic
Use everyday language
Chapter 2, Lesson 3

10. Types of Speaking Briefings present information quickly and concisely
Lectures are used to teach new material
Speeches are given in a variety of situations
Chapter 2, Lesson 3

11. Briefing
A briefing’s purpose is to inform—to tell about a mission, operation, or concept
Briefings also direct—enable listeners to perform a procedure or carry out instructions
Or they persuade—support a certain solution and lead listeners to accept that solution
Chapter 2, Lesson 3

12. A B Cs of Briefing Always be: CCURATE RIEF LEAR Chapter 2, Lesson 3
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13. Lecture In a lecture, most of the speaking is directed toward teaching
In formal lectures, the communication is generally one-sided
Informal lectures allow for verbal interaction between instructor and students
Chapter 2, Lesson 3
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14. Speeches
use the same kind of organization and support materials as lectures do
speeches may rely heavily on humor and getting people’s attention
speeches are characterized by an appeal to the emotions
Chapter 2, Lesson 3

15. Methods of Presentation
Speaking
From Memory
Reading
From Prepared
Manuscript
Impromptu With no Specific Preparation
Extemporaneously
With Preparation
And a Few Notes
Chapter 2, Lesson 3

16. Organizing a Presentation
You must organize your message with the audience in mind
Every speech needs:
an introduction
a body
a conclusion
Chapter 2, Lesson 3

17. Introduction
Good speakers capture the audience’s attention immediately; you must motivate them to listen
Introductions vary: for an informative presentation, it’s helpful to begin with an overview
For lectures and speeches, you can use attention-getters
Chapter 2, Lesson 3

18. Transitions
Use words such as first, next, or finally (to help audience follow development of ideas)
You can also words such as however or on the other hand (to indicate a change of direction in thought)
And use in addition or moreover (to indicate a related idea)
Chapter 2, Lesson 3

19. Conclusion Most speeches don’t require a long conclusion
With informative speeches, you can summarize your main points
For persuasive speeches, you might use a motivational statement
In an entertaining speech, you could build to a brief, memorable punch line
A key rule is to keep it short and sweet
Chapter 2, Lesson 3

20. Recap Remember the old rule:
“Tell them what you’re going to tell them;
Tell them;
Then tell them what you told them.”
Chapter 2, Lesson 3

21. Visual aids are objects or displays that
illustrate your ideas
Types:
Chapter 2, Lesson 3
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22. Presentation Skills
The image you project as a speaker is more important than what you say
First impressions are based on
nonverbal communication
Chapter 2, Lesson 3

23. Presentation Skills Keys to a polished delivery include:
your voice, appropriate use of humor, the way you handle your notes, ability to overcome stage fright
If you look well prepared, YOU will be the most effective visual aid in your speech
Includes appearance, posture, eye contact, facial expressions, gestures, and movement
Chapter 2, Lesson 3
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24. Movement Challenges
Life rafters: These speakers cling to the podium or lectern
Hand washers: These speakers store all their nervousness in their hands—while speaking, they wash and wash
Caged tigers: These speakers continually pace from one side of the room or stage to the other
Chapter 2, Lesson 3
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25. Movement Challenges
Rockers: Rockers unconsciously move backward and forward, or side to side, or both
Pocket maniacs: These speakers jam their hands in their pockets
Pen clickers: These speakers have to be doing something with their hands—they are compelled to manipulate and click any pen in their possession
Chapter 2, Lesson 3
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26. Using Your Voice Effectively
Rate is the speed you speak
Volume is how loudly or softly you speak; pitch is the highness or lowness of a sound
A pause is a brief halt in your speech
Articulation is the art of expressing words distinctly; pronunciation is the ability to say words correctly
Vocalized pauses are syllables such as “a,” “uh,” “um,” and “ah”
Chapter 2, Lesson 3

27. Practicing Your Speech
Read your speech aloud several times
Edit words that are difficult to say
Practice looking at your make-believe audience
Provide the punctuation through vocal inflection, variety, and pauses
Chapter 2, Lesson 3

28. Practicing Your Speech
It’s important to practice the speech in front of a critical listener and ask for feedback
Do your visual aids work?
Are you hitting a smooth flow?
Does your speech sound natural?
Chapter 2, Lesson 3

29. Giving Your Speech The big moment has arrived:
Walk to the podium and take out your notes
Take a deep breath
Slowly look around the room
Survey the audience, from left to right
Project confidence
Chapter 2, Lesson 3
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30. Giving Your Speech Begin in a strong, self-assured voice:
Keep eye contact with the audience
Look for feedback
nods
puzzled looks
and so forth
Smile!
Use natural gestures to relieve tension
Once you’ve made your main points, you can close with confidence
Chapter 2, Lesson 3
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31. Review
Studies have shown that speaking in front of a group is by far most people’s greatest fear
The ability to speak well in front of a group is one of the qualities people admire most, and it’s an ability will serve you well in life
Learning the fundamentals of speaking can help you conquer your fear
Chapter 2, Lesson 3

32. Review Briefings present information quickly and concisely
Lectures are used to teach new material
Speeches are given in a variety of situations
Some methods of presentation are:
speaking from memory
manuscript reading
impromptu speaking
extemporaneous speaking
Chapter 2, Lesson 3

33. Review Clear organization is vital to effective speaking
Every speech needs an introduction, a body, and a conclusion
“Tell them what you’re going to tell them; tell them; tell them what you told them”
Visual aids are objects or displays that give emphasis to and illustrate your ideas
Chapter 2, Lesson 3

34. Review
Presentation skills—such as maintaining eye contact, gesturing, and using your voice effectively—will help your speech delivery
Before you speak, your biggest challenge will be to overcome (or at least control) stage fright
Practicing your presentation will help you polish your delivery
Chapter 2, Lesson 3

35. Review
Although preparing a talk can be hard work, for many people the hardest part is presenting the talk
The more you do it, the better you’ll get, and the faster you’ll work the kinks out of your delivery style
Your audience wants you to succeed
Chapter 2, Lesson 3

36. Summary What is the purpose of learning to speak effectively?
How do you prepare to speak?
What are the types of speaking?
What are methods of presentation?
Chapter 2, Lesson 3

37. Summary What are ways of organizing a presentation?
What are ways to use visual support?
What are presentation skills?
Why is it important to practice your speech?
Giving your speech
Chapter 2, Lesson 3

38. Next Done—speaking effectively
Next—we’ll learn about interpreting events and experiences
Chapter 2, Lesson 3
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