1. Higher Education Developments within the ASEAN Community
Roger Y. Chao Jr.
01 April 2015
CHET, University of British Columbia
Vancouver, Canada

2. Why Study ASEAN? Demographic Premium GDP growth Trade FDI
ASEAN Centrality
Regional level
Trans-regional level

3. Source: ASEAN Statistics 2013

4. Source: ASEAN Statistics 2013

5. Source: ASEAN 2013 (AEC)

6. Source: ASEAN 2013 (AEC)

7. ADBi (2014) ASEAN 2030: Towards a Borderless Economic Community, p. 190

8. ADBi (2014) ASEAN 2030: Towards a Borderless Economic Community, p. 191

9. ASEAN & ASEAN Integration

10. ASEAN & the ASEAN Community
GDP ($ Mil)
GDP/cap ($)
Pop. (‘000)
HE enrolment
Brunei
16,970
42,445
400
5,363
Cambodia
14,401
977
14,741
200,192
Indonesia
878,223
3,578
245,425
5,051,637
Lao PDR
9,083
1,394
6,514
51,545
Malaysia
305,154
10,338
29,518
612,208
Myanmar
52,525
861
60,976
605,101
Philippines
250,543
2,565
97,594
2,387,557
Singapore
276,610
52,069
5,312
154,271
Thailand
366,127
5,391
67,911
2,075,427
Vietnam
141,669
1,596
88,773
1,519,840
Notes: GDP, GDP/cap & pop (2012); HE enrolment based on latest available data
PH (2008); KH (2011); BN, IN, MY & MM (2012); LA, SG, TH & VN (2013)
Source: ASEAN Statistics; UNESCO UIS

12. ASEAN Integration < 90s 1990s 2000s 2010s ASA MaPhilIndo
Brunei (84)
VN (95)
LA & MM (97)
KH (98)
ASEAN Charter
(2007)
1st Summit
(Indonesia 76)
AFTA (92)
AFAS (95)
ASEAN 2020
AUN (95)
AUN-QA (97)
Hanoi PoA 98
Bali Con 2 (03)
Vientiane AP
( )
AEC BP (07)
Hua Hin Dec (07)
APSC BP (09)
ASCC (09)
5 yr WP Ed
( )

15. ASEAN HE DevelopMents

16. Source: Chao (2014): Regionalization, International Organization and East Asian Higher Education

17. Source: Chao (forthcoming 2015) Changing ASEAN HE Discourse
& Chao (2014) unpublished PhD Dissertation

18. Economic Status & Higher Education Focus
Countries
Higher Education Focus
Lower Income
Cambodia, Lao PDR, Myanmar, Vietnam
-policy reform & system expansion
-increasing enrollment
-infrastructure development
Low-Middle Income
Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand
-quality improvement
High Income
Brunei
Singapore
-more independent with global partnerships
-well developed with high international recognition
Asian Development Bank (2011)

19. Changing ASEAN HE Discourse
From: Cooperation
Manpower Development; Teacher Ed; Systems
To : Regionalization (ASEAN HE Area)
AEC; Hanoi PoA; Bali Concord II; Vientiane AP
AEC BP; AUN; AUN-QA
To : Identity formation & Community Building
Hua Hin Dec; ASCC; 5 yr WP for Ed
Source: Chao (forthcoming 2015): the Changing ASEAN HE discourse

20. Multilateral Liberalization
Framework agreement on enhancing ASEAN Economic cooperation (1992)
ASEAN framework agreement on services (1995)
ASEAN framework agreement on visa exemptions (2006)
ASEAN agreement for the movement of natural persons (2012)
MRAs
Engineering services (2005)/Nursing services (2006)
Surveying and Architectural services (2007)
Dental, Accountancy & Medical practitioners (2008);
Tourism professionals (2012)

21. Source: Chao (2014): Pathways to an East Asian Higher Education Area

23. Chao (forthcoming 2015) The Changing ASEAN higher education discourse: implications to regionalization of ASEAN higher eduction

24. Current Developments

25. Source: Chao (forthcoming 2015): the Changing ASEAN HE discourse

26. Other Developments EU Share (starting 2015)
Tuning South East Asia (tentative 2015)
ASEM processes
Referencing to AQRF by 2018
ACTFA / AQAFHE

28. Thank you for your attention!