2.  Problems facing the USSR in late 20 th c.  Soviet invasion of Afghanistan  Mikhail Gorbachev  Roles of Ronald Reagan, Margaret Thatcher, Pope John Paul II  Glasnost  Perestroika  Fall of Berlin Wall  Solidarity movement  End of communism in east Europe  Fall of Soviet Union  Boris Yeltsin  Commonwealth of Independent States  Chechnya  Vladimir Putin  Conflict in Yugoslavia  Conflict in Kosovo  Persian Gulf War  Problems facing the US as the sole superpower

3.  Fulgencio Batista  Fidel Castro  Che Guevara  Changes under Castro  US-sponsored invasion of Cuba  Cuban Missile Crisis  Embargo on Cuba  Cuba AFTER the Revolution  Religious revivalism  Shah Reza Pahlavi  Problems in Iran before Rev.  Relationship w/US & USSR before Rev.  Iranian Revolution  Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini  Shari’a in 20 th c. Iran  Iran Hostage Crisis  President Ahmadinejad  Relationship w/Israel & the US after the Rev.

4.  Gamal Abdul Nasser (Egypt)  Free Officers Movement (Egypt)  Muslim Brotherhood  Answar Sadat  Hosni Mubarak  Balfour Declaration  Creation of Israel  Israeli-Palestinian Conflict  Palestinian Liberation Front  Hamas, Hezbollah  Yasser Arafat  Israeli Prime Ministers (David Ben-Gurion, Golda Meir, Yitzhak Rabin, Ariel Sharon)  Creation of Turkey, features of modern Turkey  Mustafa Kemal Pasha (Ataturk)  Organization of OPEC  Persian Gulf War  Saddam Hussein  Arab Spring

5.  Mexican Rev.  Mexican Constitution (1917)  Party of the Institutionalized Revolution (Mexico)  NAFTA  Vicente Fox  Juan Jose Arevalo  United Fruit Company  Role of the US in Guatemala  Liberation Theology  Role of the military in L.America  Rising democratic trends  Relationships w/the US  Banana Republics  Good Neighbor Policy  Role of women  Role of workers  Culture in 20 th c. L. America

6.  Demographic Impact of major conflicts  WWI, WWII  Korean War, Vietnam War  Revolutions & decolonization  Migrations  Rural to urban – where & why?  Global – where & why?  Population bomb in Africa – causes & consequences  Demographic transitions  Widespread disease – Spanish influenza, AIDS, SARS  Environmental impact of major conflicts  WWI, WWII  Korean War, Vietnam War  Revolutions & decolonization  Environmental problems  Soil depletion  Overpopulation  Industrial pollution  Greenhouse effect & global warming  Green Revolution  Rachel Carson – Silent Spring

7.  Globalization  Impact of new technology  Economic globalization  Multinational corporations  Cultural globalization  Institutions of globalization  UN  World Health Organization  International Non-Governmental Orgs.  International Monetary Fund  World Bank  NAFTA  Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)  Resistance to globalization  Rise of nationalism  Religious fundamentalism