1. CH. 22.2 HARDSHIP AND SUFFERING DURING THE DEPRESSION
OBJECTIVE:
Understand the conditions during the Great Depression

2. QUIZ
During the early Great Depression there was no system of _____ ______, aid or food given by the government to the poor.
The ecological crisis that hit the US during the Great Depression was called the _____ ______.
The hungry and malnourished urban poor had the advantage over the rural poor of being able to go form ____ lines,
…outside of _____ ______.
Hoovervilles were another name for ________.

3. CONTEXT What are your family’s “memories” of the Great Depression?
What were the causes of the Great Depression?
Who was to blame?
Why was the Depression not ending?
Could it happen again?

4. Depression in the Cities
CAUSES:
Debt, unemployment and inflation 
People loose their homes and apartments
EFFECTS:
Shantytowns (AKA Hoovervilles)
Bread Lines and Soup Kitchens
Minorities suffer the most
Race Riots
Deportations
50% unemployment (vs. 25%)

5. A Hooverville in Central Park, NYC

6. Soup Kitchens and Bread Lines
/biography/resources/images/FDRCampaigning.image.jpg

7. Depression in Rural Areas
CAUSES:
Falling crop prices  Rising Rural Debt
Dust Bowl
EFFECTS:
400,000 Farms foreclosed b/w
More tenant farmers / sharecroppers
“Okies” = migration West from Dust Bowl

8. Sharecropper by Jerry Bywaters, 1937
Sharecropper, an oil painting by Jerry Bywaters, shows one of the major problems facing farmers on the southern plains in the 1930s: grasshoppers, which along with drought and dust storms ravaged crops in Oklahoma, Kansas, and other states. (Dallas Museum of Art, Allied Arts Civic Prize, Eighth Annual Dallas Arts Exhibition.)
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

9. Map: The Dust Bowl
The Dust Bowl
From the Dakotas southward to the Mexican border, farmers in the Great Plains suffered from a lack of rainfall and severe soil erosion in the 1930s, worsening the hardships of the Great Depression
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

11. New Deal Propaganda for farm relief: Short Film: “The Plow that Broke the Plains.”

12. Farmer's Holiday Association marching
Protesting Minnesota farmers demand relief in a 1933 march on the state capitol. (Minnesota Historical Society)
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

13. Dorothea Lange photo of migrant mother and child
Dorothea Lange became one of the most famous photographers of the Depression. Her photo of a migrant mother and her children at a migrant camp in Nipomo, California, captured the human tragedy of the Depression. Seeking jobs and opportunities, over 350,000 people traveled to the state, most finding few opportunities. (Library of Congress)
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

14. Black tenant farm family from Putnam County, Georgia, Harmony Community, 1941
Numerous African American families were evicted from their farms during the Great Depression. White planters who received government payments for taking land out of cultivation were supposed to share these payments with their tenants and sharecroppers. Instead, many kicked these families off the land and kept the money for themselves. This family in Putnam County, Georgia, loaded all its possessions into a rickety truck for the trip north. (National Archives)
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

15. Four families from the Dust Bowl in Texas in an overnight roadside
This 1937 image by Dorothea Lange, a photographer with the Farm Security Administration, pictures migrants from the Texas Dust Bowl gathered at a roadside camp near Calipatria in southern California. (Library of Congress)
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

16. Oklahoma drought refugees stalled on highway
Plagued by dust storms and evictions, thousands of tenant farmers and sharecroppers were forced to leave their land during the Great Depression. Known as the "Okies" and "Arkies," they took off for California with their few belongings. These refugees from drought-stricken Oklahoma experienced car trouble and were stalled on a New Mexico highway. (Library of Congress)
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

17. Dorothea Lange
Library of Congress

18. Other Problems and Effects….
Very little direct relief or government help
School close, close early / or shorten days
Increased child labor
“Hoboes” = 2 million men “riding rails”
Suicide rate increases by 30%
Families come together to survive
Malnutrition and starvation widespread

19. Some hobo symbols of the Great Depression…

21. Some Youtube videos re: era