1. PHYSICAL AND HUMAN FACTORS THAT MAKE UP A REGION 8-4-14

2. Landforms
Landform- a natural feature of the earth's surface.

3. Vegetation
Vegetation- plants found in a particular area or habitat.

4. Climate
Climate- a region with reoccurring weather conditions

5. Biomes
Biomes- a large community occupying a major habitat

6. culture regions
culture regions- an area that has a distinct pattern of culture

7. trade networks
Trade Networks- An exchange system where buyers connect with sellers.

8. religion
Religion- the belief in and worship of a superhuman controlling power, especially a personal God or gods.

9. language
Language- the method of human communication, either spoken or written

10. political units
Political Unit- a unit of territory defined by boundaries set by political authority and usually having a separate political organization

11. supranational organization
Supranational Organization- an area outside or beyond the authority of one national government.

12. Trade Corridors
Trade Corridors- potential trade movement among the countries

13. Closing Task
You are to make a T-Chart and label one side Physical Factor, the other Human Factor.
Sort the terms that we have just discussed in the appropriate column.

14. Earth-Sun Relationships (How does one affect the other?)
Weather and Climate
8/5/14
Photo credits:
Earth: Stöckli, R. (Photographer). (2000). Earth from space. [Web Photo]. Retrieved from
Clipart: Microsoft. (Designer). (2010). Clip art [Web Graphic]. Retrieved from
Sun: Courtesy of NASA/SDO and the AIA, EVE, and HMI science teams.
©2012, TESCCC

15. Weather vs. Climate Weather
Conditions of the atmosphere in one place during a limited time.
Picture credit:
Climate map: Climate zones of the world. (2009). [Web Graphic]. Retrieved from
©2012, TESCCC

16. Weather vs. Climate Climate
Weather patterns that an area typically experiences over a long period of time.

17. Tilt
Tilt: the angle of incline of the Earth’s axis affects the temperature of a place.
©2012, TESCCC

18. Revolution Revolution: the Earth’s trip around the sun (one year)
©2012, TESCCC

19. Rotation
Rotation: the Earth completely rotates on its axis every 24 hours. (alternating between night and day)
©2012, TESCCC

20. Equinox
Equinox: when the Sun’s rays fall directly on the equator, day and night time hours are almost equal (Spring and Fall)
©2012, TESCCC

21. Solstice
Solstice: One of two days (June 21 and December 22) on which the Sun’s rays strike directly on the Tropic of Cancer or the Tropic of Capricorn, marking the beginning of summer and winter.
©2012, TESCCC

22. Direct rays
Direct rays: When a hemisphere is tilted toward the sun, the direct rays of the sun or angle of incidence is higher and it is summer in that hemisphere.
©2012, TESCCC

23. Indirect rays
Indirect rays: When a hemisphere is tilted away from the sun, the direct rays of the sun or angle of incidence is lower and it is winter in that hemisphere.
©2012, TESCCC

24. 5 Major Circles of Latitude
Photo credit:
Idzkiewicz, P. (Artist). (2005). Earth lighting summer solstice. [Web Graphic]. Retrieved from
©2012, TESCCC

25. Earth’s position in the solar system
3rd Planet from the Sun
NASA. (Designer). (2011). Solar System size to scale [Web Graphic]. Retrieved from
©2012, TESCCC

26. Closing Task
You will define each of the 9 terms that we have discussed today in your own words and draw a picture of it as well.
Indirect Rays Direct Rays Solstice
Equinox Rotation Revolution
Tilt Weather Climate

27. 8/6/14 The Factors that Affect Climate ©Mark Place, 2009-2010

28. Identify five factors
that affect climate
and explain
how each
affects climate.

29. Latitude

30. As latitude ________, the average annual temperature _________.
How does latitude
affect climate?
As latitude ________, the average
annual temperature _________.
increases
decreases
Temperature
0° Latitude °

31. Closeness to Large Bodies of Water

33. Water __________ the temperature. _______ summers. _______ winters.
How does closeness to a large
body of water affect climate?
Water __________ the temperature.
_______ summers. _______ winters.
moderates
Cooler
Warmer
Cities A & B are located
at the same latitude.
City B is closer to a large body of water.
Its temperature line is flatter (moderated).

34. Orographic Effect
•As air rises to pass over a mountain barrier it releases moisture as the air cools. This creates a wet side or windward side and a dry side or leeward side to mountain barriers.

35. Orographic Effect
Windward sides of mountain ranges receive higher average precipitation and leeward sides of mountain ranges tend to receive lower average precipitation.

36. Windward Side: ___________ Leeward Side: _____________
How does the
Orographic Effect
affect climate?
Windward Side: ___________
Leeward Side: _____________
cool, moist
warm, dry

37. Elevation

38. During summer, temperature is strongly controlled by elevation -- cold at the higher reaches of the Alaska and Brooks Ranges, and warmer in the lowlands.

39. As elevation _________, the average annual temperature __________.
How does elevation
affect climate?
As elevation _________, the average
annual temperature __________.
increases
decreases
Temperature
Elevation

40. Warm Currents: warmer climate Cold Currents: cooler climate
How do ocean currents
affect climate?
Warm Currents: warmer climate
Cold Currents: cooler climate

41. Ocean Currents

42. Closing Task
Write a short paragraph describing/ discussing the factors that affect climate.

43. The 4 Spheres
8/7/14

44. Lithosphere
Lithosphere – composed of the outermost shell of the earth; affected by weather, plate tectonics, erosion and soil building

45. Atmosphere
Atmosphere – comprised of the layer of air that surrounds the earth; especially affected by wind currents

46. Hydrosphere
Hydrosphere – comprised of all the water that is on earth including lakes, rivers, oceans and underground supplies; mostly affected by ocean currents

47. Biosphere
Biosphere – refers to the living plants and animals that inhabit the land and water on the earth
also known as ecosystems; affected by all the physical processes directly and indirectly; climate has the most direct relationship in the creation of the earth’s biospheres

49. Lithosphere, Atmosphere, Hydrosphere and Biosphere.
Closing Task
Students will create a graphic organizer on the following topics:
Lithosphere, Atmosphere, Hydrosphere and Biosphere.
Students will do the following for each topic:
Define/ explain the topic
Draw a picture of the term