1. Chapter 7, Section 3 Pages 251-255
The Industrial North

2. The Industrial Revolution
Industrial Revolution – the birth of modern industry and the social changes that accompanied it
Occurred from the mid 1700s to the mid 1800s
Began in Great Britain’s textile industry
Replacement of human power with machine power

3. The Industrial Revolution

4. Textile Mill Invented by Samuel Slater Mechanized spinning and weaving
Created machines that used power from running water and steam engines to spin and weave cloth

5. The North Industrializes
British made it illegal for anyone that had knowledge about industrial machines to leave the country
Samuel Slater violated these laws when he brought information to America

6. Lowell Named for Francis Lowell, a wealthy Boston textile merchant
Lowell, Massachusetts – a leading city for textile mills
Majority of workers were young women
Worked as long as 14 hours a day, 6 days a week
Known as the Lowell Girls

7. The Revolution Spreads
From early 1800s to mid-1800s industrialization spread with steam engines becoming more widely available
Industrialization led to urbanization
People left the farm to work in cities

8. National Road 1811 Construction began on the National Road
Completed in 1841
Stretched 800 miles west from Cumberland, Maryland to Vandalia, Illinois
Promoted travel and trade

9. Erie Canal 1825 the 363-mile-long Erie Canal opened
Connected the Great Lakes with the Hudson River and with the Atlantic Ocean
Provided quick and economical way to ship manufactured goods to west and farm products to east
NYC became the busiest port in America

10. Erie Canal

11. The Steamboat
1807
Robert Fulton ran the first successful steamboat service
Inspired others to build and operate steamboats

12. The Railroad The first steam powered train was in 1830
By 1835, states had issued more than 200 contracts to build railroad lines
Speed, power, reliability, and carrying capacity made it a preferred means of transport

13. Advances in Communication
Printing press – 1811
Books and newspapers easily printed and in higher volumes
Advances in the Postal Service
Quicker communication
Telegraph – 1840 by Samuel F.B. Morse
Sends messages using electricity through wires
Communication was instantaneous