1. Topics of Global Significance
Energy
Topics of Global Significance

2. Why Energy? Current Global Resource Consumption
Energy comes from a resource, those resources are either renewable or non- renewable.
As populations grow the demand for resources increases
As consumption increases non-renewable resources are depleted and the dependence on renewable resources will continue to grow
California Institute of Technology

3. Problems with non-renewable resources
Dependence on
non-renewables such as oil
causes a number of problems.
#1 It gives power to the nations who have the majority of the resources over those who do not. The most obvious effect being a increase in the cost of these resources, i.e. oil.
Consider these facts from the IEA’s World Energy Outlook report:The rest of the world is starting to demand a Western lifestyle, and that means we need more energy for everybody. World energy demand is projected to go up by 36 percent by 2035, and almost all of that new demand – 93 percent of it – is going to come from developing nations like China and India.China surpassed the United States as the world’s largest energy consumer in Just ten years ago, the Chinese only consumed half as much energy as the United States.  Since  the average Chinese only uses one-third as much energy per person as the average Westerner, you can see there’s no place left to go but up.In the next 15 years, China is expected to add as much electricity generating capacity as the entire United States has now. And China will account for half of all the growth in world oil demand.

4. Problems with non-renewable resources
#2 Most countries are past their “oil peak”, meaning most countries will now need alterative resources for energy more than ever.

5. Problems with non-renewable resources
#3 Energy production is also the highest contributor to the production of green house gases.
#4 Coal power plants are an example of how harmful non-renewable resource production can be. Coal power plant emissions have been linked to the harmful mercury concentrations in fish.
Rock Island Market
Wikimedia Commons

6. Energy is not available to everyone
Number of people without access to electricity (millions)

7. Photo courtesy of World Bank, IFC and Lighting Africa
Energy Poverty
Energy Poverty is a term for a lack of access to electricity, heat, or other forms of Power. Often referring to the situation of peoples in the developing world, the term also implies any quality of life issues relating to this lack of access.- Wikipedia Web Definitions

8. This is why the world needs renewable energy and lots of it!
Paul Cherfurka’s projections of global energy use
This is why the world needs renewable energy and lots of it!

9. What is considered Renewable energy?
Renewable energy is defined differently depending on area or group being asked. In general terms renewable energy is that which is naturally occurring and can replenish itself.
tli.umn.edu

10. Renewable energy in Texas
Texas Definition of Renewable Energy: ”Any energy resource that is naturally regenerated over a short time scale and derived directly from the sun (such as thermal, photochemical, and photoelectric), indirectly from the sun (such as wind, hydropower, and photosynthetic energy stored in biomass), or from other natural movements and mechanisms of the environment (such as geothermal and tidal energy). Renewable energy does not include energy resources derived from fossil fuels, waste products from fossil sources, or waste products from inorganic sources.”-Texas Renewable Energy Industries Association (TREIA) 

11. Renewable Resources Available
The main Five:
 Hydropower
Solar Power
Geothermal Power
Biomass
Wind Power
theecocorp.net

12. Image by Ontario Power Generation
Hydropower
The first commercial hydroelectric power plant was built in 1882 on the Fox River in Appleton, Wisconsin, in order to provide 12.5 kilowatts of power to light two paper mills and a residence. in many countries, hydroelectric power provides nearly all of the electrical power. In 1998, the hydroelectric plants of Norway and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (formerly Zaire) provided 99 percent of each country's power; and hydroelectric plants in Brazil provided 91 percent of total used electricity.
Hydropower is generated using the mechanical energy of flowing water by forcing it through piping called a penstock, which then turns a generator in order to produce electricity.
GreenEnergyChoice

13. Instructables.com
Solar Power
Solar cells made from silicon absorb the sun's radiation, also called photovoltaic cells. The photovoltaic process involves the movement and displacement of electrons to absorb the sun's radiation and create electricity, but there are also solar systems that use large-scale mirrors to heat water, or produce high temperatures and generate steam, which is used to turn a generator.
Worlds largest solar farm in Spain. Here are the numbers:- 247 acres- 20 megawatts peak power capacity- 20,000 homes can be powered off of it- 120,000 solar panels are used- 300 days of sun a year in that area- $28 million generated each year- 42,000 tons of CO2 reduced each year
GreenEnergyChoice

14. Example of Other Solar Power uses:
The Japanese energy firm Eco Marine Power has developed rigid sails that are installed with solar models and the system, called The Aquarius is able to collect both solar and wind energy to power ships.

15. AboutMyPlanet.com
Geothermal Power
Especially in a cold region like Iceland, geothermal heat is used to maintain a level of warmth in homes, buildings. In fact, in Iceland, entire districts are heated with geothermal energy. The world’s largest geothermal system for district heating is in Reykjavík in Iceland.
The process involves trapping heat underground, then building energy that rises near the surface in the form of heat. When this heat naturally creates hot water or steam, it is harnessed and then used to turn a steam turbine to generate electricity.
GreenEnergyChoice

16. Biomass
Biomass power plants burn biomass fuel in boilers to heat water and turn a steam turbine to create electricity. Biomass fuel is everything from wood to landfill trash, which is currently being used to convert into methane for the production of dry natural gas.
Biomass remains the primary energy source in the developing countries in Asia. Share of biomass in energy varies - from a very high over three quarters in percent in Nepal Laos, Bhutan, Cambodia, Sri Lanka and Myanmar; nearly half in Vietnam, Pakistan and Philippines; nearly a third in India and Indonesia, to a low 10 percent in China and 7 percent in Malaysia (FAO, 1997).
GreenEnergyChoice

17. openeuropeblog.blogspot.com
Wind Power
A wind turbine converts the kinetic energy (motion) of wind into mechanical energy that is used to generate electricity. The energy is fed through a generator, converted a second time into electrical energy, then fed into the grid to be transmitted to a power station.
As of March 2011According to the Global Wind Energy Council (GWEC) , wind energy capacity grew 22.5% last year, even though it was a tough year for project financing, and even though coal and natural gas remain cheap in leading power consuming nations.Half of the added wind capacity took place in one country – China. The unite states continues to battle with chins for the leadership position. As Fredman spoke of (good or bad) this is the type of global competion we are in need of.
GreenEnergyChoice

18. Pros and Cons of Wind Energy
No pollution or Global Warming effects
Big industry base
No fuel cost
Offshore advantage
Self Sufficient
Cons
Low persistent noise
Land usage
Harm to bird and bat populations

19. Low Persistent Noise
All industrial wind farms are located in high wind zones. Wind is noisy, and anyone who spends time on wind farms will tell you that high wind is much nosier than the wind turbines themselves. It has also be pointed out that if low persistent noise was harmful how would cities like New York, Chicago, or Boston continue to house millions of people in their downtown areas.

20. Land Usage
The majority of the land used to build wind farms is ranching land. As this photo shows the animals are not bothered at all by the wind turbines and the ranchers are making more money off their land, while saving on their electric bills. The other major home to wind turbines is the open ocean, another location providing great wind movement and unused space.

21. Bird and Bat Mortalities
From the beginning the major worry was about bird populations, and their collisions with the wind turbines. However research has shown that for the most part birds are not harmed in great numbers by the wind farms. On the other hand, bats that were not thought of as being in danger have shown to be killed in great numbers by barotraumas during their migrations.

22. Texas Renewable Facts
In 2010 Texas was rated the largest producer of cumulative wind energy in the United States
Texas now produces 7.8% of its electricity with wind  -Global Wind Energy Council  
The energy from sunshine falling on a single acre of land in West Texas is capable of producing the energy equivalent of 800 barrels of oil each year. –State Energy Conservation Office
SMU's Geothermal Laboratory estimates that within ten years, Texas could have 2,000 to 10,000 MW in generating capacity from geothermal resources accessed through oil and gas wells.

23. What you can do to help! Buy energy efficient products
-Cars with good gas mileage
-Energy efficient home appliances
-Avoid products with excess packaging
Change the way you travel
-Walk or ride a bicycle
-Use public transportation
-Carpool
Educate Future Generations
-The best way to help the global energy crisis to educate future generations of a better way to live
Reduce, Reuse, Recycle
-By recycling half your household waste you can save 2,400 pounds of CO2 annually