2. The Roaring 20’s An era of prosperity, Republican power, and conflict

3. 1920's collectively known as the "Roaring 20's", or the "Jazz Age" 1920's collectively known as the "Roaring 20's", or the "Jazz Age" in sum, a period of great change in American Society - modern America is born at this time in sum, a period of great change in American Society - modern America is born at this time for first time the census reflected an urban society - people had moved into cities to enjoy a higher standard of living for first time the census reflected an urban society - people had moved into cities to enjoy a higher standard of living

4. Age of Prosperity Economic Economic expansion Mass Mass Production Assembly Assembly Line Age Age of the Automobile Ailing Ailing Agriculture…

5. an agri. depression in early 1920's contributed to this urban migration an agri. depression in early 1920's contributed to this urban migration U.S. farmers lost agri. markets in postwar Europe U.S. farmers lost agri. markets in postwar Europe at same time agri. efficiency increased so more food produced (more food = lower prices) and fewer labourers needed at same time agri. efficiency increased so more food produced (more food = lower prices) and fewer labourers needed so farming was no longer as prosperous, and bankers called in their loans (farms repossessed) so farming was no longer as prosperous, and bankers called in their loans (farms repossessed) so American farmers enter the Depression in advance of the rest of society so American farmers enter the Depression in advance of the rest of society

6. Black Americans in this period continued to live in poverty Black Americans in this period continued to live in poverty sharecropping kept them in de facto slavery sharecropping kept them in de facto slavery 1915 - boll weevil wiped out the cotton crop 1915 - boll weevil wiped out the cotton crop white landowners went bankrupt & forced blacks off their land white landowners went bankrupt & forced blacks off their land

7. Blacks moved north to take advantage of booming wartime industry (= Great Migration) - Black ghettoes began to form, i.e. Harlem Blacks moved north to take advantage of booming wartime industry (= Great Migration) - Black ghettoes began to form, i.e. Harlem within these ghettoes a distinct Black culture flourished within these ghettoes a distinct Black culture flourished But both blacks and whites wanted cultural interchange restricted But both blacks and whites wanted cultural interchange restricted

8. Marcus Garvey (Jamaican born immigrant) established the Universal Negro Improvement Association Marcus Garvey (Jamaican born immigrant) established the Universal Negro Improvement Association believed in Black pride believed in Black pride advocated racial segregation b/c of Black superiority advocated racial segregation b/c of Black superiority Garvey believed Blacks should return to Africa Garvey believed Blacks should return to Africa he purchased a ship to start the Black Star line he purchased a ship to start the Black Star line attracted many investments: gov't charged him with w/fraud attracted many investments: gov't charged him with w/fraud he was found guilty and eventually deported to Jamaica, but his organization continued to exist he was found guilty and eventually deported to Jamaica, but his organization continued to exist

9. Republican Power President Harding President Harding Elected 1920 Elected 1920 Legacy of Scandals Legacy of Scandals “Teapot Dome” “Teapot Dome” Died in office Died in office

10. Consumer Economy

11. Culture of the Roaring 20’s Radio KDKA Pittsburgh GE, Westinghouse,& RCA form NBC Silent Movies Charlie Chaplin “Talkies” The Jazz Singer Starring Al Jolson Mary Pickford “America’s Sweetheart”

12. Celebrities Babe Ruth Jack Dempsey Charles Lindbergh The Spirit of St. Louis

13. The 20’s is The Jazz Age The 20’s is The Jazz Age The Flappers make up cigarettes short skirts Musicians Louis Armstrong Duke Ellington Writers F. Scott Fitzgerald Ernest Hemingway

14. 1920's also brought about great changes for women... 1920's also brought about great changes for women... 1920 - 19th Amendment gave them the federal vote 1920 - 19th Amendment gave them the federal vote after 1920, social circumstances changed too as more women worked outside the home after 1920, social circumstances changed too as more women worked outside the home and more women went to college and clamoured to join the professions and more women went to college and clamoured to join the professions women didn't want to sacrifice wartime gains - amounted to a social revolt women didn't want to sacrifice wartime gains - amounted to a social revolt characterized by the FLAPPER/ "new woman" characterized by the FLAPPER/ "new woman" –(bobbed hair, short dresses, smoked in public...)

15. A Society in Conflict Anti-immigrant Anti-immigrant –National Origins Act –Discrimination Sacco-Vanzetti Trial –Italian immigrants –Unfair trial

16. Immigrants origin had shifted to S & E Europe and new religions appeared: Jewish, Orthodox, Catholic Immigrants origin had shifted to S & E Europe and new religions appeared: Jewish, Orthodox, Catholic NATIVISM NATIVISM many wanted Congress to restrict immigration, leading to a quota system that favoured North Western Europe many wanted Congress to restrict immigration, leading to a quota system that favoured North Western Europe the Red Scare (fear of communism) a international revolution by the proletariat/workers - fears that this ideology could find its way into the U.S. the Red Scare (fear of communism) a international revolution by the proletariat/workers - fears that this ideology could find its way into the U.S.

17. Attorney General, A. Mitchell Palmer, wanted to take a shot at the presidency - he used fears of both immigrants and communism to his advantage Attorney General, A. Mitchell Palmer, wanted to take a shot at the presidency - he used fears of both immigrants and communism to his advantage he had J. Edgar Hoover round up suspected radicals, many of which were deported (Palmer Raids) he had J. Edgar Hoover round up suspected radicals, many of which were deported (Palmer Raids)

18. The Ku Klux Klan Great increase In power Anti-black Anti-immigrant Anti-women’s suffrage Anti-bootleggers Anti-Semitic Anti-Catholic

19. Scopes “Monkey” Trial Evolution vs. Creationism Dayton, Tennessee Famous Lawyers Science vs. Religion John Scopes High School Biology teacher

20. Prohibition 18 th Amendment Volstead Act Gangsters Al Capone

21. PROHIBITION adopted in 1919 - 18th AMENDMENT PROHIBITION adopted in 1919 - 18th AMENDMENT prohibited the manuf. and sale of alcohol prohibited the manuf. and sale of alcohol an outgrowth of the long time temperance movement – Progressivism an outgrowth of the long time temperance movement – Progressivism in WWI, temperance became a patriotic mvmt. - drunkenness caused low productivity & inefficiency, and alcohol needed to treat the wounded in WWI, temperance became a patriotic mvmt. - drunkenness caused low productivity & inefficiency, and alcohol needed to treat the wounded a difficult law to enforce a difficult law to enforce Prohibition finally ended in 1933 w/ the 21st Amendment Prohibition finally ended in 1933 w/ the 21st Amendment