1. THE GREAT ENEMIES OF ROME #2

2.   THE PUNIC WARS  End in 146BC with the destruction of Carthage  By this time Rome controls the whole Mediterranean PREVIOUSLY…  GREAT ENEMIES OF ROME #1 – HANNIBAL BARCA  Led a large invasion into Rome from Spain  Responsible for the deaths of 100 000+ Romans  LEGACY:

3.   Use the internet to research brief summaries of Civil/Human Rights movements, rebellions, revolutions etc.  What was their goal?  What was the cause?  15 minutes…GO! RESEARCH…

4.   73BC: SPARTACUS -Thracian Auxiliary Soldier in the Roman Army -Condemned to Slavery as a gladiator -Spartacus and 77 others escape from the ludus (gladiator school) GREAT ENEMIES OF ROME #2 SPARTACUS

5.   As word spreads about Spartacus’s heroics other gladiators and slaves join his cause THE 3 rd SERVILE WAR  ROME: “130 Years Ago we crushed Hannibal…we can handle some slaves” - Send 3000 Soldiers to attack the Slave Army of Spartacus - Think it’s more of a policing issue then a big deal

6.  SLAVES TAKE REFUGE ON MT. VESUVIUS

7.   ROMANS Block the ‘only’ entrance down from the mountain.  It’s cold and there's no supplies up there, intended to starve the Spartacus and his band of slaves into submission. THE 3 rd SERVILE WAR

8.   Spartacus’s Men create vines to rope down from Vesuvius outflank the Roman army and destroy them  A 2 nd Army is sent with 2000 Men, Spartacus’s army destroys them too.  Popularity rises and upwards of 70 000 slaves and commoners join his rebellion THE 3 rd Servile War

9.  A SPLIT IN THE ARMY SPARTACUS Goal – Escape North over the Alps CRIXUS Goal – Stay in the south to plunder Roman states It is unclear in the histories whether either intended to invade the city of Rome

10.   Senate panics over the size of the Rebellion  Not just a policing issue like they originally thought  Devote 2 full consular legions to defeat Spartacus & Crixus Meanwhile in Rome

11.   The 1 Consular army defeats and kills Crixus  The 2 nd Consular Army attacks Spartacus and loses  The remaining legion attacks Spartacus too, and they also lose. Battles Continue

12.   With 2 Legions defeated Spartacus has an opportunity at an open shot at invading Rome…  Decides to continue to head over the Alps and escape Italy  WHY? He knew his forces were not trained soldiers, but only poor armed escape slaves Decisions, Decisions…

13.   Brutal General gives control of 6 full legions plus the remainder of those previously defeated by Spartacus  Executes those already defeated by Spartacus for cowardice Marcus Crassus

14.   Crassus wins a series of smaller battles for Rome.  Spartacus retreats towards Sicily with Crassus’s legions in hot pursuit… Crassus vs. Spartacus

15.   Spartacus makes a deal with Sicilian pirates to transfer him and his 2000 men to Sicily where they would gather supplies and gather more troops  Pirates accepted the payment then took off leaving Spartacus stranded  Spartacus is stuck and builds a fortified stronghold in Rhegium Backstabbed

16.   Crassus begins the siege cutting Spartacus and his men off from their supplies  RUMOR: The Great general Pompey is returning to Italy to bring reinforcements for Rome & Crassus  SPARTACUS: Oh Crap. How about a peace treaty Crassus buddy old pal?  MARCUS CRASSUS: Eat it. Siege

17.   Thousands of Spartacus’s men run for their lives to the hill, 12 000 + are chased down and killed.  Spartacus and his remaining soldiers make their last stand at Battle of Siler River but are crushed.  Spartacus is killed but his body is never found One Last Stand – 71 BC

18.   Crassus crucifies 6000 of the rebels along the road from Capua to Rome PUNISHMENT

19.   Often seen as the first human rights movement  REALISTICALLY: He was fighting to get home and to defeat Rome not to end slavery. LEGACY